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Murders are usually committed by strangers Ans✓✓✓False
The PERF organization relies on FBI statistics to define strategies to
fight crime nationwide Ans✓✓✓False
Cybercrime is also known as Ans✓✓✓Crimes perpetuated through the
use of computer technology
Murder numerically is the _________ of Part I Offenses
Ans✓✓✓Smallest
Define and compare and contrast the UCR, NIBRS, and the National
Crime Victimization Survey, systems of reporting crime.
Ans✓✓✓Traditional UCR: 1) Consists of monthly aggregated crime 2)
Records of one offense per incident, as determined by the hierarchy rule,
which suppresses counts of lesser offenses in multiple-offense incidents
3) Does not distinguish between attempted and completed crimes 4)
Records rape of females only 5) collects assault information in 5
categories 6) collects weapon information for murder, robbery, and
aggravated assualt. 7)Provides counts on arrests for the 8 major crimes
and 21 other offenses. Enhanced UCR/NIBRS: 1) Consists of individual
incident records for 8 major crimes and 38 other offenses, with details
on offense, victim, offender, and property involved. 2) Records each
offense occurring in an incident 3)Distinguishes between attempted and
,completed crime 4) Records rape of male and females 5) Restructures
definition of assault 6)Collects weapon information for all violent
offenses 7) Provides details on arrest fro the 8 major crimes and 49 other
offenses. (p.32)
The burning or attempted burning of property with or without intent to
defraud is called: Ans✓✓✓Arson
Nationally, crime statistics come from two major sources: the Uniform
Crime Reporting Program (UCR) and Ans✓✓✓National Crime
Victimization Survey of the Bureau of Justice Statistics
The clearance rate compares the number of crimes reported or
discovered to the number of crimes solved through arrest or other means
(such as the death of the suspect). Ans✓✓✓True
The Biological School views deviant behavior as the product of
environmental forces Ans✓✓✓False
All deviant behavior is a violation of the criminal law. Ans✓✓✓False
Phrenology is the study of the shape of the head to determine anatomical
correlates of human behavior Ans✓✓✓True
,Anomie is a socially pervasive condition of normalessness
Ans✓✓✓True
A perspective on crime causation that holds that physical deterioration in
an area leads to higher crime rates is the thesis of _________________.
Ans✓✓✓Broken windows
What is a theory? Describe the steps in criminological theory building,
and explain the role that social research plays in the development of
theories about crime. Ans✓✓✓A Theory is a set of interrelated
propositions that attempt to describe, explain, predict and ultimately
control some class of events. A theory is strengthened by its logical
consistency and is tested by how well it describes and predicts reality.
The steps in crimionlogical theory building are: 1) A correlation is
observed 2) Questions are raised 3) Theory is proposed 4)Theory based
understanding is achieved 5)The theory based hypothesis is developed 6)
Hypothesis is tested 7) Theory based social policy results. Research
helps build models that permit better understanding of criminal behavior
and enhances the development of strategies intended to address the
problem of crime (p.72)
Who wrote Essays on Crime and Punishment? Ans✓✓✓Cesare Beccaria
What are the five categories of criminal law violations. Describe each
and rank them in terms of seriousness. Ans✓✓✓1) Felonies 2)
misdemeanors 3)offenses 4) Treason and espionage 5) inchoate offenses.
Treason and espionage are the most serious felonies, felonies
, misdemeanors, offenses and inchoate offenses are less serious then
treason and espionage
What four broad categories of criminal defenses does our legal system
recognize? Under what circumstances might each be employed?
Ans✓✓✓1) Alibi: May be used if a witness or documentation can be
used to prove the defendant could not have committed the crime 2)
Justification: The defendant must be able to prove they committed the
offense to avoid some greater evil 3)Excuse: Some personal condition or
circumstance at the time caused the defendant to act out a criminal act.
Ex: intoxication or insanity. 4) Procedural defense: The defendant was in
some way discriminated against in the justice process.
_________________ of a crime are specific legal aspects of a criminal
offense that the prosecution must prove to obtain a conviction.
Ans✓✓✓Elements
______________ is an improper or illegal inducement to crime by
agents of law enforcement. Ans✓✓✓Entrapment
Double Jeopardy allows a defendant to collect double damages in a civil
suit. Ans✓✓✓False
Corpus delicti literally means "the body of the crime." Ans✓✓✓True