COMPREHENSIVE EXAM QUESTIONS WITH DETAILED
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Informal sanctions Ans✓✓✓social norms that are enforced through the
social forces of family, school, government, and religion.
Social norms Ans✓✓✓The expected normative behavior in a society.
Formal sanctions Ans✓✓✓Social norms enforced through the laws of the
criminal justice system.
Order maintenance Ans✓✓✓activities of law enforcement that resolve
conflicts and assist in the regulation of day-to-day interactions of citizens.
System of social control Ans✓✓✓A social system designed to maintain
order and regulate interactions.
Due process rights Ans✓✓✓Rights guaranteed to persons by the
Constitution and its amendments.
Crime-control (public order) model Ans✓✓✓A model of the criminal
justice system in which emphasis is placed on fighting crime and
protecting potential victims.
, Due process model Ans✓✓✓A model that ensures that individuals are
protected from arbitrary and excessive abuse of power by the government.
Criminal justice system Ans✓✓✓The enforcement, by the police, the
courts, and correctional institutions, of obedience to laws.
Picket fence model Ans✓✓✓The model of the criminal justice system in
which the local, state, and federal criminal justice systems are depicted as
three horizontal levels connected vertically by the roles, functions, and
activities of the agencies that comprise them.
Checks and balances Ans✓✓✓The authority of agencies to void actions
of other criminal justice agencies.
Input-output model Ans✓✓✓A model of how people are processed
through the criminal justice system until they exit the system.
Arrest Ans✓✓✓To restrict the freedom of a person by taking him or her
into police custody.
Booking Ans✓✓✓Police activity that establishes the identification of an
arrested person and formally charges that person with a crime.
Bail Ans✓✓✓Release of the defendant prior to trial.