NPTE Medication Questions with Detailed
Verified Answers
Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Agent: Actions Ans: slow or halt the progression of
rheumatic disease. Used early in the disease to slow progression
Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Agent: Side Effects Ans: nausea, HA, joint pain and
swelling, toxicity, GI distress, sore throat, fever, liver dysfunction, hair loss, potential
for sepsis, retinal damage
Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Agent: Examples Ans: Rheumatrex, Arava, Humria,
Enbrel
Glucocorticoid Agents: Actions Ans: provide hormonal, anti-inflammatory and
metabolic effects including suppression of articular and systemic diseases. Reduce
inflammation in chronic conditions
Glucocorticoid Agents: Indications Ans: endocrine dysfunction, anti-inflammatory and
immunosuppressive
Glucocorticoid Agents: Implications Ans: at risk for Osteoporsis
Glucocorticoid Agents: Side Effects Ans: muscle atrophy, GI distress, glaucoma,
adrenocortical suppression, drug inducing Cushing Syndrome, weakening with
breakdown of supporting tissues
Nonopioid Agents: Action Ans: provide analgesia and pain relief, produce anti-
inflammatory effects, and initiate anti-pyretic properties
Glucocorticoid Agents: Examples Ans: Dermacort, Cordrol, Pediapred, Medrol,
Decadrol, Nasonex
Nonopioid Agents: Indications Ans: mild to moderate pain, fever, HA, muscle ache,
inflammation
,Nonopioid Agents: Side Effects Ans: nausea, vomiting, vertigo, abdominal pain, GI
distress or bleeding, ulcer formation
Nonopioid Agents: Examples Ans: Tylenol, NSAIDs, Aspirin, Aleve, Advil, Celebrex
Opioid Agents: Action Ans: analgesia for acute severe pain management
Opioid Agents: Indications Ans: Moderate to severe pain of various origins
Opioid Agents: Side Effects Ans: mood swings, sedation, confusion, vertigo, dulled
cognitive function, OH, constipation, incoordination, physical dependence, tolerance
Opioid Agents: Implications Ans: potential side effects
Opioid Agents: Example Ans: Morphine, Demerol, OxyCotin (oxycodone), fentanyl,
Codeine
Antiepileptic Agents: Action Ans: Reduce or eliminate seizure activity by inhibiting the
firing of certain cerebral neurons.
Antiepileptic Agents: Indications Ans: seizure activity
Antiepileptic Agents: Side Effects Ans: ataxia, skin issues, behavioral changes, GI
distress, HA, blurred vision, weight gain
Antiepileptic Agents: Implications Ans: greater sensitivity to surroundings
Antiepileptic Agents: Examples Ans: Seconal, Klonopin, Depakote, Dilantin, Tegretol,
Celontin, Neurontin
Antispasticity Agents: Action Ans: Promote relaxation in spastic muscles by binding to
receptor sites within the CNS or the skeletal muscle.
Antispasticity Agents: Indications Ans: Increased tone, spasticity, spinal cord injury,
CVA, multiple sclerosis
© Get it right 2025 Getaway - Stuvia US All rights reserved
, Antispasticity Agents: Side Effects Ans: drowsiness, confusion, HA, dizziness, general
muscle weakness, hepatotoxicity potential with Dantrium, tolerance dependence
Antispasticity Agents: Implications Ans: balance the need to decrease spastic muscles
with the loss of function that a patient may experience with reduction of hypertonicity
Antispasticity Agents: Examples Ans: Lioresal (baclofen), Valium (diazepam), Dantrium
(dantrolene), Zanaflex (tizanidine)
Cholinergic Agents: Action Ans: Inhibits sympathetic nervous system
Produce rest and digest symptoms
Cholinergic Agents: Indications Ans: glaucoma, dementia due to Alzheimer's disease,
postoperative decrease in GI motility, myasthenia Gravis, reversal of anticholinergic
toxicity
Cholinergic Agents: Side Effects Ans: GI distress, impaired visual accommodation,
bronchoconstriction, bradycardia, flushing, other parasympathetic effects
Cholinergic Agents: Implications Ans: decreased HR and dizziness
Cholinergic Agents: Examples Ans: Direct: Duvoid (bethanechol), Pilocar (pilocarpine).
Indirect: Aricept (donepezil), Tensilon (edrophonium), Prostigmin (neostigmine),
Cognex (tacrine)
Dopamine Replacement Agents: Action Ans: Reduce the effects of decreased
endogenous dopamine by crossing the blood brain barrier and transforming into
dopamine within the brain.
replacement agents assist to relieve the symptoms of Parkinson's Disease secondary to
the decrease in endogenous dopamine
Dopamine Replacement Agents: Indications Ans: Parkinson's Disease, Parkinsonism
© Get it right 2025 Getaway - Stuvia US All rights reserved
Verified Answers
Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Agent: Actions Ans: slow or halt the progression of
rheumatic disease. Used early in the disease to slow progression
Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Agent: Side Effects Ans: nausea, HA, joint pain and
swelling, toxicity, GI distress, sore throat, fever, liver dysfunction, hair loss, potential
for sepsis, retinal damage
Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Agent: Examples Ans: Rheumatrex, Arava, Humria,
Enbrel
Glucocorticoid Agents: Actions Ans: provide hormonal, anti-inflammatory and
metabolic effects including suppression of articular and systemic diseases. Reduce
inflammation in chronic conditions
Glucocorticoid Agents: Indications Ans: endocrine dysfunction, anti-inflammatory and
immunosuppressive
Glucocorticoid Agents: Implications Ans: at risk for Osteoporsis
Glucocorticoid Agents: Side Effects Ans: muscle atrophy, GI distress, glaucoma,
adrenocortical suppression, drug inducing Cushing Syndrome, weakening with
breakdown of supporting tissues
Nonopioid Agents: Action Ans: provide analgesia and pain relief, produce anti-
inflammatory effects, and initiate anti-pyretic properties
Glucocorticoid Agents: Examples Ans: Dermacort, Cordrol, Pediapred, Medrol,
Decadrol, Nasonex
Nonopioid Agents: Indications Ans: mild to moderate pain, fever, HA, muscle ache,
inflammation
,Nonopioid Agents: Side Effects Ans: nausea, vomiting, vertigo, abdominal pain, GI
distress or bleeding, ulcer formation
Nonopioid Agents: Examples Ans: Tylenol, NSAIDs, Aspirin, Aleve, Advil, Celebrex
Opioid Agents: Action Ans: analgesia for acute severe pain management
Opioid Agents: Indications Ans: Moderate to severe pain of various origins
Opioid Agents: Side Effects Ans: mood swings, sedation, confusion, vertigo, dulled
cognitive function, OH, constipation, incoordination, physical dependence, tolerance
Opioid Agents: Implications Ans: potential side effects
Opioid Agents: Example Ans: Morphine, Demerol, OxyCotin (oxycodone), fentanyl,
Codeine
Antiepileptic Agents: Action Ans: Reduce or eliminate seizure activity by inhibiting the
firing of certain cerebral neurons.
Antiepileptic Agents: Indications Ans: seizure activity
Antiepileptic Agents: Side Effects Ans: ataxia, skin issues, behavioral changes, GI
distress, HA, blurred vision, weight gain
Antiepileptic Agents: Implications Ans: greater sensitivity to surroundings
Antiepileptic Agents: Examples Ans: Seconal, Klonopin, Depakote, Dilantin, Tegretol,
Celontin, Neurontin
Antispasticity Agents: Action Ans: Promote relaxation in spastic muscles by binding to
receptor sites within the CNS or the skeletal muscle.
Antispasticity Agents: Indications Ans: Increased tone, spasticity, spinal cord injury,
CVA, multiple sclerosis
© Get it right 2025 Getaway - Stuvia US All rights reserved
, Antispasticity Agents: Side Effects Ans: drowsiness, confusion, HA, dizziness, general
muscle weakness, hepatotoxicity potential with Dantrium, tolerance dependence
Antispasticity Agents: Implications Ans: balance the need to decrease spastic muscles
with the loss of function that a patient may experience with reduction of hypertonicity
Antispasticity Agents: Examples Ans: Lioresal (baclofen), Valium (diazepam), Dantrium
(dantrolene), Zanaflex (tizanidine)
Cholinergic Agents: Action Ans: Inhibits sympathetic nervous system
Produce rest and digest symptoms
Cholinergic Agents: Indications Ans: glaucoma, dementia due to Alzheimer's disease,
postoperative decrease in GI motility, myasthenia Gravis, reversal of anticholinergic
toxicity
Cholinergic Agents: Side Effects Ans: GI distress, impaired visual accommodation,
bronchoconstriction, bradycardia, flushing, other parasympathetic effects
Cholinergic Agents: Implications Ans: decreased HR and dizziness
Cholinergic Agents: Examples Ans: Direct: Duvoid (bethanechol), Pilocar (pilocarpine).
Indirect: Aricept (donepezil), Tensilon (edrophonium), Prostigmin (neostigmine),
Cognex (tacrine)
Dopamine Replacement Agents: Action Ans: Reduce the effects of decreased
endogenous dopamine by crossing the blood brain barrier and transforming into
dopamine within the brain.
replacement agents assist to relieve the symptoms of Parkinson's Disease secondary to
the decrease in endogenous dopamine
Dopamine Replacement Agents: Indications Ans: Parkinson's Disease, Parkinsonism
© Get it right 2025 Getaway - Stuvia US All rights reserved
