NUR612 Questions with Detailed Verified
Answers
_____ is any organism capable of supporting the nutritional and physical growth
requirements of another organism Ans: host
______ is bacteria that inhabits exposed surfaces of the body Ans: microflora
_______ is the presence and multiplication of a living organism on or within a host
that does NOT cause harm Ans: colonization
_______ is the disease state brought about by the interaction of an organism living
within a host that causes harm to the host Ans: infectious disease
____ is the disease inducing potential of a microbe/organism Ans: virulence
_____ are microorganisms so virulent that they are rarely found in the absence of
disease Ans: pathogens
_____ is a free-living organism that obtains growth from dead or decaying organic
material, rarely affect humans Ans: saprophytes
______ are microorganisms that are capable of producing an infectious disease when
the health/immunity of the host have been severely weakened by illness, malnutrition,
or medical therapy Ans: opportunistic pathogens
_____ is a relationship between microorganism and host in which both organisms
benefit e.g. bacteria in the gut producing Vit. K Ans: mutualism
____ is a relationship between microorganism and host in which the colonizing
organism acquires its needs from the host, but without causing harm to the host Ans:
commensalism
,_____ is a relationship between a microorganism and host in which the
microorganism acquires its need at the expense of the host, only the infecting
organism benefits Ans: parasitism
_____ are protein particles that are able to transmit infection, lack a demonstrable
genome, and are resistant to antibiotics due to their lack of repro/metabolic functions
Ans: prions
Two examples of diseases transmitted via prions are: Ans: -Creutzfeldt Jacob disease
-Kuru
Prion-based diseases are typically ______ progressing, and result in non-inflammatory
neuronal degeneration resulting in dementia, ataxia, and death Ans: slow
_______ are the smallest obligate intracellular pathogens, have no organized cellular
structure, and can be composed of either DNA or RNA, but never both Ans: Viruses
Viruses are composed of two parts: the _____ and _______, and require what to
replicate? Ans: -capsid (protein coat)
-nucleic acid core (genome, either DNA or RNA)
They require a host cell in which to replicate, replication cannot occur outside of a
living cell
____ are bacteria that lack an organized nucleus Ans: prokaryotes
_____ are microorganisms that possess a membrane nucleus such as fungi Ans:
eukaryotes
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,______ are a type of fungi that are yeast at one temperature and molds at another
Ans: dimorphic fungi
Examples of dimorphic fungi: Ans: -blastomycosis
-histoplasmosis
-coccidiodomycosis
_____ are long filaments utilized by molds Ans: hyphae
___ are single celled fungi that reproduce by budding Ans: yeasts
Bacteria are primarily classified by: Ans: -shape/microscopic appearance
-presence of absence of peptidoglycan cell wall (gram+/gram-)
______ = rod bacteria Ans: bacillis
_____ = spherical bacteria Ans: cocci
_____ = helical bacteria Ans: spirilla
_______ bacteria will stain purple in the presence of a primary dye like crystal violet
Ans: gram positive
______ bacteria will not stain purple, but will stain red in the presence of a
counterstain like safranin Ans: gram negative
_____ are single celled animals with defined nuclei and organelles that can cause
parasitic infection Ans: protozoa
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, ______ are worms, roundworms, flukes, etc. capable of causing parasitic infection
Ans: helminths
_______ are bugs capable of causing parasitic infection Ans: arthropods
Examples of organisms that combine viral and bacterial characteristics Ans: -
Rickettsiaceae
-Anaplasmataceae
-Chlamydiaceae
-Coxiella
Viral: obligate intracellular pathogen
Bacterial: cell wall, asexual reproduction via cell division
Both: Contain DNA and RNA
___ is a tick born organism capable of producing Rocky Mt spotted fever and possibly
lyme disease Ans: rickettsiaceae
______ is a directly transmitted organism responsible for the STI chlamydia Ans:
Chlamydophila trachomatis
_______ is a disease found in a particular geographical region in which the
incidence/prevalence are relatively predictable and stable Ans: endemic disease
______ is an abrupt and unexpected increase in the incidence of disease over endemic
rates Ans: epidemic
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Answers
_____ is any organism capable of supporting the nutritional and physical growth
requirements of another organism Ans: host
______ is bacteria that inhabits exposed surfaces of the body Ans: microflora
_______ is the presence and multiplication of a living organism on or within a host
that does NOT cause harm Ans: colonization
_______ is the disease state brought about by the interaction of an organism living
within a host that causes harm to the host Ans: infectious disease
____ is the disease inducing potential of a microbe/organism Ans: virulence
_____ are microorganisms so virulent that they are rarely found in the absence of
disease Ans: pathogens
_____ is a free-living organism that obtains growth from dead or decaying organic
material, rarely affect humans Ans: saprophytes
______ are microorganisms that are capable of producing an infectious disease when
the health/immunity of the host have been severely weakened by illness, malnutrition,
or medical therapy Ans: opportunistic pathogens
_____ is a relationship between microorganism and host in which both organisms
benefit e.g. bacteria in the gut producing Vit. K Ans: mutualism
____ is a relationship between microorganism and host in which the colonizing
organism acquires its needs from the host, but without causing harm to the host Ans:
commensalism
,_____ is a relationship between a microorganism and host in which the
microorganism acquires its need at the expense of the host, only the infecting
organism benefits Ans: parasitism
_____ are protein particles that are able to transmit infection, lack a demonstrable
genome, and are resistant to antibiotics due to their lack of repro/metabolic functions
Ans: prions
Two examples of diseases transmitted via prions are: Ans: -Creutzfeldt Jacob disease
-Kuru
Prion-based diseases are typically ______ progressing, and result in non-inflammatory
neuronal degeneration resulting in dementia, ataxia, and death Ans: slow
_______ are the smallest obligate intracellular pathogens, have no organized cellular
structure, and can be composed of either DNA or RNA, but never both Ans: Viruses
Viruses are composed of two parts: the _____ and _______, and require what to
replicate? Ans: -capsid (protein coat)
-nucleic acid core (genome, either DNA or RNA)
They require a host cell in which to replicate, replication cannot occur outside of a
living cell
____ are bacteria that lack an organized nucleus Ans: prokaryotes
_____ are microorganisms that possess a membrane nucleus such as fungi Ans:
eukaryotes
© Get it right 2025 Getaway - Stuvia US All rights reserved
,______ are a type of fungi that are yeast at one temperature and molds at another
Ans: dimorphic fungi
Examples of dimorphic fungi: Ans: -blastomycosis
-histoplasmosis
-coccidiodomycosis
_____ are long filaments utilized by molds Ans: hyphae
___ are single celled fungi that reproduce by budding Ans: yeasts
Bacteria are primarily classified by: Ans: -shape/microscopic appearance
-presence of absence of peptidoglycan cell wall (gram+/gram-)
______ = rod bacteria Ans: bacillis
_____ = spherical bacteria Ans: cocci
_____ = helical bacteria Ans: spirilla
_______ bacteria will stain purple in the presence of a primary dye like crystal violet
Ans: gram positive
______ bacteria will not stain purple, but will stain red in the presence of a
counterstain like safranin Ans: gram negative
_____ are single celled animals with defined nuclei and organelles that can cause
parasitic infection Ans: protozoa
© Get it right 2025 Getaway - Stuvia US All rights reserved
, ______ are worms, roundworms, flukes, etc. capable of causing parasitic infection
Ans: helminths
_______ are bugs capable of causing parasitic infection Ans: arthropods
Examples of organisms that combine viral and bacterial characteristics Ans: -
Rickettsiaceae
-Anaplasmataceae
-Chlamydiaceae
-Coxiella
Viral: obligate intracellular pathogen
Bacterial: cell wall, asexual reproduction via cell division
Both: Contain DNA and RNA
___ is a tick born organism capable of producing Rocky Mt spotted fever and possibly
lyme disease Ans: rickettsiaceae
______ is a directly transmitted organism responsible for the STI chlamydia Ans:
Chlamydophila trachomatis
_______ is a disease found in a particular geographical region in which the
incidence/prevalence are relatively predictable and stable Ans: endemic disease
______ is an abrupt and unexpected increase in the incidence of disease over endemic
rates Ans: epidemic
© Get it right 2025 Getaway - Stuvia US All rights reserved
