LESS STRESS - MOD 7 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE 2025-2026
How many weeks is full gestation of a fetus? - Answers 37-42 weeks
How many weeks is considered post-term of a fetus? - Answers over 42 weeks
(makes delivery very difficult since baby may weigh 10+ lbs)
How many weeks is considered premature for a fetus? - Answers any child delivered before 8
months gestation or that weighs less than 5 lbs
gravida - Answers number of pregnancies a woman has had (total)
para - Answers number of births female has experienced (after 20 wks gestation)
What does it mean if pt is gravida 2 para 1? - Answers the patient has had 2 pregnancies but
only 1 successful birth
What is eclampsia? - Answers high blood pressure during pregnancy (preeclampsia) which
leads to seizures
when seizure begins = eclampsia
When does preeclampsia develop? - Answers after 30 weeks gestation, usually primigravida pts
What is preeclampsia? What are some of the symptoms? - Answers pregnancy induced
hypertension which can lead to seizures (eclampsia)
symptoms = headache, seeing spots, extremity edema, anxiety
What does it mean if a pregnant patient has water leakage? - Answers amniotic fluid = larger
leakage
small leakage could also be urine
does not necessarily mean that delivery is imminent
bloody show - Answers A small amount of blood at the vagina that appears at the beginning of
labor and may include a plug of pink-tinged mucus that is discharged when the cervix begins to
dilate. Means that labor has progressed but delivery may not be imminent
what does it mean if the bloody show is brownish? - Answers you most likely have time to
transport
What is crowning? What does it mean? - Answers It is the appearance of the fetus's head at the
,vaginal opening during labor. Means that mom is about to give birth and no time to transport,
should instead set up for on scene delivery
**biggest sign of delivery
What does timing for contractions mean? When should you start timing them? - Answers
imminent delivery may occur if contractions long in duration and short time between them (few
mins or less)
time to transport if contractions further apart and shorter in duration
should start timing contractions ASAP despite what pt says
What does it mean if pt says that they need to go to the bathroom? What should you do? -
Answers means feel need to push, tell pt not to go to bathroom and set up on-scene delivery
What does previous birth history tell you about pt delivery? - Answers if pt had multigravida (has
given been pregnant before), labor and delivery tends to move faster compared to primigravida
perineum - Answers in females, the area between the anus and the vagina
ovulation - Answers The process of releasing a mature ovum into the fallopian tube each month
How many main blood vessels are in the pregnant pt's uterus? - Answers 2 arteries, one vein
umbilical vein - Answers delivers oxygenated blood from the placenta to the fetus
umbilical artery - Answers carries deoxygenated blood from fetus to placenta
What is a nuchal cord? How do you treat it? - Answers An umbilical cord that is wrapped around
the fetus's neck which leads to deoxygenation
check for as soon as head is delivered, gently lift over head to try and remove cord otherwise
cut it and suction baby
What is a limb presentation? How do you treat it? - Answers when an neonate's limb protrudes
from the vagina before the appearance of any other body part, cannot be delivered on scene and
requires cesarean section
,wrap limb in sterile dry gauze, ask mother to try and stop pushing, rapid transport to hospital, O2
administration, elevate hips if possible
intact amniotic sac - Answers when the amniotic sac is not naturally broken and is being
delivered with the baby
should break sac by pinching with glove and suction baby's mouth to prevent suffocation
following delivery
What order do you suction a baby? Why use that technique? When is it indicated to suction? -
Answers mouth then nose
**babies are nose breathers so by suctioning mouth first makes sure they don't aspirate
anything when stimulated to start breathing
no suctioning of airway unless having trouble breathing or not crying
What is a prolapsed cord? How do you treat it? - Answers Umbilical cord presents first and
covers vaginal opening before the baby does
insert 2 fingers into vagina, move cord from baby's face by pushing head up and away, and then
transport (tell mom not to push)
pt should be on backboard in trendelenburg or knee position
How do you know you have successfully moved prolapsed cord from vaginal opening? -
Answers should feel pulsation in cord
breech presentation - Answers birth position in which the buttocks presents first rather than the
head (vertex)
if possible don't allow delivery since these tend to take longer but if necessary during delivery of
the head make "v" with fingers, place them into vagina, and to keep walls of vagina from
compressing the fetus airway and then deliver
When should you transport breech pregnancy pt who is trying to deliver on scene? (buttocks
presentation) - Answers if 10 minutes have passed, presentation still the same and no progress
can prepare to go to hospital
, What are the two situations in which EMT can place hands in vagina? - Answers breech
presentation and prolapse cord
What are some of the changes that occur during pregnancy? - Answers short, fast breathing as
uterus compresses diaphragm
increased blood volume, faster clotting
center of gravity changes leading to high chance of falls
decreased gastric motility = high chance vomiting
What is the first stage of labor? How long does it last? - Answers From beginning of regular
contractions or rupture of membranes to 10 cm dilation with 100% effacement
(this stage characterized by dilation of cervix)
lasts about 16 hours on average
What is the second stage of labor? - Answers delivery of baby (ends when baby is born)
What defines the third stage of delivery? - Answers delivery of the placenta, should be placed in
biohazard bag
contractions will restart
need to make sure in hospital that placenta completely delivered and separated from uterine
wall otherwise could experience infection + other complications
When should you cut the cord of a newborn? - Answers after baby delivered, wrapped, able to
breathe properly
Where should you place clamps and cut umbilical cord? - Answers 1 clamp 7 in from baby, other
10 in and cut between them
Where should seatbelt be placed in pregnant woman? - Answers bottom strap should be under
stomach over the iliac crests and top strap should be between breasts
placenta abruptia - Answers when placenta separates prematurely from the uterine, sometimes
due to trauma
hallmark = bright red, lots of vaginal bleeding and abdominal pain
placenta previa - Answers implantation of the placenta over the cervical opening, usually signs
How many weeks is full gestation of a fetus? - Answers 37-42 weeks
How many weeks is considered post-term of a fetus? - Answers over 42 weeks
(makes delivery very difficult since baby may weigh 10+ lbs)
How many weeks is considered premature for a fetus? - Answers any child delivered before 8
months gestation or that weighs less than 5 lbs
gravida - Answers number of pregnancies a woman has had (total)
para - Answers number of births female has experienced (after 20 wks gestation)
What does it mean if pt is gravida 2 para 1? - Answers the patient has had 2 pregnancies but
only 1 successful birth
What is eclampsia? - Answers high blood pressure during pregnancy (preeclampsia) which
leads to seizures
when seizure begins = eclampsia
When does preeclampsia develop? - Answers after 30 weeks gestation, usually primigravida pts
What is preeclampsia? What are some of the symptoms? - Answers pregnancy induced
hypertension which can lead to seizures (eclampsia)
symptoms = headache, seeing spots, extremity edema, anxiety
What does it mean if a pregnant patient has water leakage? - Answers amniotic fluid = larger
leakage
small leakage could also be urine
does not necessarily mean that delivery is imminent
bloody show - Answers A small amount of blood at the vagina that appears at the beginning of
labor and may include a plug of pink-tinged mucus that is discharged when the cervix begins to
dilate. Means that labor has progressed but delivery may not be imminent
what does it mean if the bloody show is brownish? - Answers you most likely have time to
transport
What is crowning? What does it mean? - Answers It is the appearance of the fetus's head at the
,vaginal opening during labor. Means that mom is about to give birth and no time to transport,
should instead set up for on scene delivery
**biggest sign of delivery
What does timing for contractions mean? When should you start timing them? - Answers
imminent delivery may occur if contractions long in duration and short time between them (few
mins or less)
time to transport if contractions further apart and shorter in duration
should start timing contractions ASAP despite what pt says
What does it mean if pt says that they need to go to the bathroom? What should you do? -
Answers means feel need to push, tell pt not to go to bathroom and set up on-scene delivery
What does previous birth history tell you about pt delivery? - Answers if pt had multigravida (has
given been pregnant before), labor and delivery tends to move faster compared to primigravida
perineum - Answers in females, the area between the anus and the vagina
ovulation - Answers The process of releasing a mature ovum into the fallopian tube each month
How many main blood vessels are in the pregnant pt's uterus? - Answers 2 arteries, one vein
umbilical vein - Answers delivers oxygenated blood from the placenta to the fetus
umbilical artery - Answers carries deoxygenated blood from fetus to placenta
What is a nuchal cord? How do you treat it? - Answers An umbilical cord that is wrapped around
the fetus's neck which leads to deoxygenation
check for as soon as head is delivered, gently lift over head to try and remove cord otherwise
cut it and suction baby
What is a limb presentation? How do you treat it? - Answers when an neonate's limb protrudes
from the vagina before the appearance of any other body part, cannot be delivered on scene and
requires cesarean section
,wrap limb in sterile dry gauze, ask mother to try and stop pushing, rapid transport to hospital, O2
administration, elevate hips if possible
intact amniotic sac - Answers when the amniotic sac is not naturally broken and is being
delivered with the baby
should break sac by pinching with glove and suction baby's mouth to prevent suffocation
following delivery
What order do you suction a baby? Why use that technique? When is it indicated to suction? -
Answers mouth then nose
**babies are nose breathers so by suctioning mouth first makes sure they don't aspirate
anything when stimulated to start breathing
no suctioning of airway unless having trouble breathing or not crying
What is a prolapsed cord? How do you treat it? - Answers Umbilical cord presents first and
covers vaginal opening before the baby does
insert 2 fingers into vagina, move cord from baby's face by pushing head up and away, and then
transport (tell mom not to push)
pt should be on backboard in trendelenburg or knee position
How do you know you have successfully moved prolapsed cord from vaginal opening? -
Answers should feel pulsation in cord
breech presentation - Answers birth position in which the buttocks presents first rather than the
head (vertex)
if possible don't allow delivery since these tend to take longer but if necessary during delivery of
the head make "v" with fingers, place them into vagina, and to keep walls of vagina from
compressing the fetus airway and then deliver
When should you transport breech pregnancy pt who is trying to deliver on scene? (buttocks
presentation) - Answers if 10 minutes have passed, presentation still the same and no progress
can prepare to go to hospital
, What are the two situations in which EMT can place hands in vagina? - Answers breech
presentation and prolapse cord
What are some of the changes that occur during pregnancy? - Answers short, fast breathing as
uterus compresses diaphragm
increased blood volume, faster clotting
center of gravity changes leading to high chance of falls
decreased gastric motility = high chance vomiting
What is the first stage of labor? How long does it last? - Answers From beginning of regular
contractions or rupture of membranes to 10 cm dilation with 100% effacement
(this stage characterized by dilation of cervix)
lasts about 16 hours on average
What is the second stage of labor? - Answers delivery of baby (ends when baby is born)
What defines the third stage of delivery? - Answers delivery of the placenta, should be placed in
biohazard bag
contractions will restart
need to make sure in hospital that placenta completely delivered and separated from uterine
wall otherwise could experience infection + other complications
When should you cut the cord of a newborn? - Answers after baby delivered, wrapped, able to
breathe properly
Where should you place clamps and cut umbilical cord? - Answers 1 clamp 7 in from baby, other
10 in and cut between them
Where should seatbelt be placed in pregnant woman? - Answers bottom strap should be under
stomach over the iliac crests and top strap should be between breasts
placenta abruptia - Answers when placenta separates prematurely from the uterine, sometimes
due to trauma
hallmark = bright red, lots of vaginal bleeding and abdominal pain
placenta previa - Answers implantation of the placenta over the cervical opening, usually signs
