Exam 1 Chapters 1-5 Intro to Computing
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1. A step by step set of instructions to solve a specific task: Algorithm
2. 1. Input specified
2. Output specified
3. Definiteness
4. Effectiveness
5. Finiteness: 5 Characteristics of Algorithms
3. This is the information (data) coming into an algorithm that is to be trans-
formed/processed
What computation is given as data: Input Specified
4. This is the transformed data resulting from the input and algorithm transfor-
mation/ process
What it will produce as a result: Output Specified
5. An algorithm will have a sequence of steps that is given a particular input,
will always produce the same output, regardless of who/what executes the
algorithm. The algorithm includes thorough details of how to go from input
to output, along with error handling steps.
Whole process is spelled out unambiguously: Definiteness
6. An algorithm will be doable, simply by the definite, clearly specified steps be-
ing followed. That means the steps in the algorithm must contain instructions
that can b carried out by the person/machine that is following the algorithm.
Is the process within the abilities of the agent following the instructions: Effec-
tiveness
7. An instruction within an algorithm that must provide a way for the operations
to come to a stop, either with a solution or a message that states no solution
is possible.
Does the agent eventually finish the computation: Finiteness
8. Yes: Is it an algorithm?
Step 1: Ask the user for their age, store in Age
Step 2: If age>18, then Output will be "You are old enough to play"
Else the output will be "You are not old enough to play"
9. Central Processing Unit: CPU
, Exam 1 Chapters 1-5 Intro to Computing
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10. Programs can be changed rapidly
Programs can be more complex
Computations are autonomous: Advantages of CPU
11. Integrated Circuits: IC
12. monolithic blocks made of silicon & closely related elements in which both
active parts are fabricated together in a multi-step process: Definition of IC
13. chip makers "print" the wires (&all the other parts) onto the chip: Photolithography
14. True: True/False
Processor and Computer can be used interchangeably.
15. Advanced RISC Machine
RISC: Reduced Instruction Set Computer: ARM
16. processor specialized to be part of other systems: Definition of ARM
17. collective term for programs: Software
18. instructions computers perform to implement applications: Programs
19. instructing an agent to perform some function or action by giving a
step-by-step process: Programming
20. anything that can follow instructions
Ex. person; computer: Agent
21. the process of starting a computer: Booting
22. restart a computer: Rebooting
23. Computers were originally started by an operator who entered a few in-
structions into the computer's empty memory using console push buttons.
Those instructions told the computer to read in a few more instructions from
punch cards. This tiny operating system then read in the instructions of the
real operating system from magnetic tape. Finally, the computer was able to
start doing useful work. This process was called bootstrapping, from the phrase
"pulling yourself up by your bootstraps," because the computer basically start-
ed itself.: Origin of booting
24. remove the basic concept, ideas, or process from a situation: Abstract
25. the removed concept expressed in general form: Abstraction
26. express an idea, concept, or process that applies to many situations: Generalize
27. statement that sums up that idea: Generalization
, Exam 1 Chapters 1-5 Intro to Computing
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_hywfn4
28. to apply what we know about how a device or system works to simplify its
use: Operationally attuned
29. an aid for remembering something: Mnemonic
30. C. Only certain computers: In order for something to be considered a computer it must have a
keyboard attached.
A. true
B. false
C. only certain computers
31. C. punch cards and punch card readers: What was used to make analyzing results faster for the
1890 census?
A. integrated circuits
V, processors
C. punch cards and punch card readers
D. ENIAC
32. b. define: When using a search engine like Google, Bing, Yahoo! or DuckDuckGo, what keyword can be used
to provide you with a definition of a certain term?
a. lookup
b. define
c. dictionary
d. definition
33. a. processor: What word is interchangeable with computer?
a. processor
b. desktop
c. personal
d. integrated circuit
34. d. no educational background is required: What educational background is required to write
algorithms?
a. BS in computer science or computer engineering
b. MS in computer science or computer engineering
c. a high school diploma
d. no educational background is required
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_hywfn4
1. A step by step set of instructions to solve a specific task: Algorithm
2. 1. Input specified
2. Output specified
3. Definiteness
4. Effectiveness
5. Finiteness: 5 Characteristics of Algorithms
3. This is the information (data) coming into an algorithm that is to be trans-
formed/processed
What computation is given as data: Input Specified
4. This is the transformed data resulting from the input and algorithm transfor-
mation/ process
What it will produce as a result: Output Specified
5. An algorithm will have a sequence of steps that is given a particular input,
will always produce the same output, regardless of who/what executes the
algorithm. The algorithm includes thorough details of how to go from input
to output, along with error handling steps.
Whole process is spelled out unambiguously: Definiteness
6. An algorithm will be doable, simply by the definite, clearly specified steps be-
ing followed. That means the steps in the algorithm must contain instructions
that can b carried out by the person/machine that is following the algorithm.
Is the process within the abilities of the agent following the instructions: Effec-
tiveness
7. An instruction within an algorithm that must provide a way for the operations
to come to a stop, either with a solution or a message that states no solution
is possible.
Does the agent eventually finish the computation: Finiteness
8. Yes: Is it an algorithm?
Step 1: Ask the user for their age, store in Age
Step 2: If age>18, then Output will be "You are old enough to play"
Else the output will be "You are not old enough to play"
9. Central Processing Unit: CPU
, Exam 1 Chapters 1-5 Intro to Computing
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_hywfn4
10. Programs can be changed rapidly
Programs can be more complex
Computations are autonomous: Advantages of CPU
11. Integrated Circuits: IC
12. monolithic blocks made of silicon & closely related elements in which both
active parts are fabricated together in a multi-step process: Definition of IC
13. chip makers "print" the wires (&all the other parts) onto the chip: Photolithography
14. True: True/False
Processor and Computer can be used interchangeably.
15. Advanced RISC Machine
RISC: Reduced Instruction Set Computer: ARM
16. processor specialized to be part of other systems: Definition of ARM
17. collective term for programs: Software
18. instructions computers perform to implement applications: Programs
19. instructing an agent to perform some function or action by giving a
step-by-step process: Programming
20. anything that can follow instructions
Ex. person; computer: Agent
21. the process of starting a computer: Booting
22. restart a computer: Rebooting
23. Computers were originally started by an operator who entered a few in-
structions into the computer's empty memory using console push buttons.
Those instructions told the computer to read in a few more instructions from
punch cards. This tiny operating system then read in the instructions of the
real operating system from magnetic tape. Finally, the computer was able to
start doing useful work. This process was called bootstrapping, from the phrase
"pulling yourself up by your bootstraps," because the computer basically start-
ed itself.: Origin of booting
24. remove the basic concept, ideas, or process from a situation: Abstract
25. the removed concept expressed in general form: Abstraction
26. express an idea, concept, or process that applies to many situations: Generalize
27. statement that sums up that idea: Generalization
, Exam 1 Chapters 1-5 Intro to Computing
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_hywfn4
28. to apply what we know about how a device or system works to simplify its
use: Operationally attuned
29. an aid for remembering something: Mnemonic
30. C. Only certain computers: In order for something to be considered a computer it must have a
keyboard attached.
A. true
B. false
C. only certain computers
31. C. punch cards and punch card readers: What was used to make analyzing results faster for the
1890 census?
A. integrated circuits
V, processors
C. punch cards and punch card readers
D. ENIAC
32. b. define: When using a search engine like Google, Bing, Yahoo! or DuckDuckGo, what keyword can be used
to provide you with a definition of a certain term?
a. lookup
b. define
c. dictionary
d. definition
33. a. processor: What word is interchangeable with computer?
a. processor
b. desktop
c. personal
d. integrated circuit
34. d. no educational background is required: What educational background is required to write
algorithms?
a. BS in computer science or computer engineering
b. MS in computer science or computer engineering
c. a high school diploma
d. no educational background is required
