NM History - Fall Final Exam
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_ho6391
1. How do historians know what happened in the past?: By studying many different accounts
with varying perspective, historians piece together the past.
2. What types of sources do they use to piece together the past? Give an
example for each source.: -Primary: first-hand accounts (a letter from a survivor of the raid on Columbus)
-Secondary: a historian's account based on primary sources (a book)
-Tertiary: a combination of many different sources (a textbook)
3. What is rainfall?: All forms of precipitation
4. What is surface water? What is the total amount of surface water in New
Mexico?: Water on the earth's surface; 250 square miles
5. Which process allows people to artificially water crops?: Irrigation
6. Where does the majority of New Mexico's water come from?: Ground water
7. Which term best describes a long period of time without precipitation?: Drought
8. Explain how water affected where people settled in New Mexico.: It is the key factor
in determining where people settle. Because NM is a desert, natives and settlers built their communities around water
sources, like the Rio Grande.
9. What are the major industries in New Mexico?: Farming, ranching, mining, oil & gas, tourism
10. What would happen to New Mexico if the surface and ground water dried
up?: Water would become a scarce resource. Farmers and ranchers would have to rely solely on rainfall, which would
drastically decrease their production. People would probably leave NM because they cannot survive without water.
11. How are New Mexico industries impacted by water issues?: For any major businesses,
like military bases or large manufacturers, to consider coming to NM, they would need to consider their access to water.
In order for farmers and ranchers to continue to farm and ranch, they need to ensure that they have access to water.
Water is the key factor in determining where people live and work.
12. Which factors contributed to the Spanish predominantly settling northern
New Mexico first?: Precipitation, climate, and altitude
13. What factors contributed to where villages were settled in southern New
Mexico?: Location to El Camino Real and the Rio Grande
14. Which industries would you expect to find in southern NM? Which industries
would find in northern NM?: -Southern: agriculture in the south central region, ranching throughout, oi
and gas in the southeastern region, mining in the southwestern region
-Northern: oil and gas in the northwestern region, ranching throughout
1/7
, NM History - Fall Final Exam
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_ho6391
15. What is the purpose of acequias?: To ensure a formal civil process for everyone in a community to
have access to water, especially during a drought
16. How would you classify the role of acequias in northern New Mexico?: Political,
agricultural, and communal
17. Explain how acequias are related to politics in northern New Mexico?: The
community elects a mayordomo, who monitors water usage and settles community issues
18. How did the building of dams affect irrigation in New Mexico?: Allowed farmers to
control when the river flooded and use the land for farming
19. How has water impacted where people and businesses have settled in New
Mexico since WWII?: People and businesses continue to settle where they have access to water. Post-WWII,
many national labs and military bases came to NM. They built their facilities where they have a good supply of water.
20. After World War I, which mode of transportation drastically changed the way
people lived and allowed them to travel and see new places?: Automobiles
21. Which road connected Chicago and Los Angeles?: Route 66
22. How is Route 66 connected to the rise in tourism in New Mexico?: It brought more
people through NM. It entered NM north of Tucumcari and exited at Gallup, allowing people to see the state and visit
the places they found interesting
23. What happened to town located on Route 66 after the arrival of the high-
ways?: They dried up. People wanted to travel on faster, more direct highway rather than the slow, winding Route
66. The tourists who used to visit these little towns were now bypassing them and staying in the larger towns. As a
result, the towns dried up and people moved away.
24. Why were Native Americans placed on reservations?: They were raiding and killing
Americans, Americans wanted their land, Americans wanted to control and civilize them
25. What is assimilation?: The process of assimilation by immigrants or annexed populations to American
customs and values
26. How did white Americans try to make the Indian culture more like theirs?: They
could not practice their religion, speak their native language, had to wear their hair and clothing like Anglo Americans,
and attend boarding schools to make them more like Angle Americans.
27. How would you describe the relationship between the tribes and the U.S.
government before WWII?: The tribes did not trust the federal government because they had constantly
broken their promises to the Native Americans.
2/7
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_ho6391
1. How do historians know what happened in the past?: By studying many different accounts
with varying perspective, historians piece together the past.
2. What types of sources do they use to piece together the past? Give an
example for each source.: -Primary: first-hand accounts (a letter from a survivor of the raid on Columbus)
-Secondary: a historian's account based on primary sources (a book)
-Tertiary: a combination of many different sources (a textbook)
3. What is rainfall?: All forms of precipitation
4. What is surface water? What is the total amount of surface water in New
Mexico?: Water on the earth's surface; 250 square miles
5. Which process allows people to artificially water crops?: Irrigation
6. Where does the majority of New Mexico's water come from?: Ground water
7. Which term best describes a long period of time without precipitation?: Drought
8. Explain how water affected where people settled in New Mexico.: It is the key factor
in determining where people settle. Because NM is a desert, natives and settlers built their communities around water
sources, like the Rio Grande.
9. What are the major industries in New Mexico?: Farming, ranching, mining, oil & gas, tourism
10. What would happen to New Mexico if the surface and ground water dried
up?: Water would become a scarce resource. Farmers and ranchers would have to rely solely on rainfall, which would
drastically decrease their production. People would probably leave NM because they cannot survive without water.
11. How are New Mexico industries impacted by water issues?: For any major businesses,
like military bases or large manufacturers, to consider coming to NM, they would need to consider their access to water.
In order for farmers and ranchers to continue to farm and ranch, they need to ensure that they have access to water.
Water is the key factor in determining where people live and work.
12. Which factors contributed to the Spanish predominantly settling northern
New Mexico first?: Precipitation, climate, and altitude
13. What factors contributed to where villages were settled in southern New
Mexico?: Location to El Camino Real and the Rio Grande
14. Which industries would you expect to find in southern NM? Which industries
would find in northern NM?: -Southern: agriculture in the south central region, ranching throughout, oi
and gas in the southeastern region, mining in the southwestern region
-Northern: oil and gas in the northwestern region, ranching throughout
1/7
, NM History - Fall Final Exam
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_ho6391
15. What is the purpose of acequias?: To ensure a formal civil process for everyone in a community to
have access to water, especially during a drought
16. How would you classify the role of acequias in northern New Mexico?: Political,
agricultural, and communal
17. Explain how acequias are related to politics in northern New Mexico?: The
community elects a mayordomo, who monitors water usage and settles community issues
18. How did the building of dams affect irrigation in New Mexico?: Allowed farmers to
control when the river flooded and use the land for farming
19. How has water impacted where people and businesses have settled in New
Mexico since WWII?: People and businesses continue to settle where they have access to water. Post-WWII,
many national labs and military bases came to NM. They built their facilities where they have a good supply of water.
20. After World War I, which mode of transportation drastically changed the way
people lived and allowed them to travel and see new places?: Automobiles
21. Which road connected Chicago and Los Angeles?: Route 66
22. How is Route 66 connected to the rise in tourism in New Mexico?: It brought more
people through NM. It entered NM north of Tucumcari and exited at Gallup, allowing people to see the state and visit
the places they found interesting
23. What happened to town located on Route 66 after the arrival of the high-
ways?: They dried up. People wanted to travel on faster, more direct highway rather than the slow, winding Route
66. The tourists who used to visit these little towns were now bypassing them and staying in the larger towns. As a
result, the towns dried up and people moved away.
24. Why were Native Americans placed on reservations?: They were raiding and killing
Americans, Americans wanted their land, Americans wanted to control and civilize them
25. What is assimilation?: The process of assimilation by immigrants or annexed populations to American
customs and values
26. How did white Americans try to make the Indian culture more like theirs?: They
could not practice their religion, speak their native language, had to wear their hair and clothing like Anglo Americans,
and attend boarding schools to make them more like Angle Americans.
27. How would you describe the relationship between the tribes and the U.S.
government before WWII?: The tribes did not trust the federal government because they had constantly
broken their promises to the Native Americans.
2/7
