NREMT – TRAUMA Exam Ques ons and answers
Updated 100% verified correct NEW!! 2025/2026
UPDATED
Damaged small blood vessels beneath the skin following blunt trauma causes:
A:mo ling.
B:ecchymosis.
C:hematoma.
D:cyanosis.
B;
Reason:
When small blood vessels beneath the skin are damaged, blood seeps into the so# $ssues. This
manifests as a bruise, also referred to as ecchymosis. A hematoma develops when larger blood
vessels are ruptured and the internal bleeding forms a "lump." Cyanosis is a blue or purple
discolora$on of the skin and signifies a low content of oxygen in the blood. Mo ling occurs
when the skin takes on a blotched, purple appearance and is a sign of shock (hypoperfusion).
We have an expert-wri*en solu on to this problem!
During transport of a pa$ent with a head injury, which of the following will provide you with the
MOST informa$on regarding the pa$ent's condi$on?
A:Heart rate
B:Mental status
C:Pupil size
D:Blood pressure
B;
,Reason:
The pa$ent's mental status provides you with the most informa$on regarding overall perfusion
status, especially when monitoring a pa$ent with a head injury. Frequent neurologic
assessments, which includes assessing the pa$ent's pupils, are cri$cal in determining if the
pa$ent's condi$on is improving or deteriora$ng. Vital signs should be monitored according to
the pa$ent's condi$on, at least every 5 minutes if he or she is unstable and at least every 15
minutes if he or she is stable.
You are called to a local nightclub for an injured pa$ent. Law enforcement personnel have
secured the scene. Upon arrival, you see a young man who is lying on the ground screaming in
pain; bright red blood is spur$ng from an apparent stab wound to his groin area. You should:
A:control the bleeding.
B:prevent hypothermia.
C:ensure an open airway.
D:apply 100% oxygen.
A; This is correct!
Reason:
This pa$ent's airway is obviously patent; he is screaming in pain. Blood spur$ng from the groin
area indicates arterial bleeding from the femoral artery. If this bleeding is not controlled
immediately, the pa$ent will die. Oxygen and other shock treatment (ie, keeping him warm)
should be ini$ated a#er this life-threatening bleeding is controlled. If you take the $me to set
up and administer oxygen prior to managing the bleeding, the pa$ent will die. Base your
treatment priori$es on what will kill the pa$ent first.
We have an expert-wri*en solu on to this problem!
When assessing and trea$ng a pa$ent with a gunshot wound, you should rou$nely:
A:evaluate the pulses proximal to the wound.
B:apply ice directly to the wound.
,C:determine why the pa$ent was shot.
D:look for the presence of an exit wound.
D;
Reason:
When assessing a pa$ent who sustained a gunshot wound, you should rou$nely look for an exit
wound, which may be difficult to find. Exit wounds can be a source of con$nued bleeding, both
externally and internally. They may or may not follow the same path as the entrance wound.
This is why it is important to conduct a thorough examina$on of the pa$ent. Ice can be applied
to the wound, but only a#er the wound has been covered by a sterile dressing. Determining
why the pa$ent was shot is the responsibility of law enforcement, not the EMT. If the wound is
close to an extremity, pulse, motor, and sensory func$on should be assessed distal to the
wound.
We have an expert-wri*en solu on to this problem!
Following blunt trauma to the chest, a 33-year-old male has shallow, painful breathing. On
assessment, you note that an area to the le# side of his chest collapses during inhala$on and
bulges during exhala$on. These are signs of a/an:
A:isolated rib fracture.
B:flail chest.
C:pulmonary contusion.
D:pneumothorax.
B;
Reason:
If two or more ribs are fractured in two or more places or if the sternum is fractured along with
several ribs, a segment of chest wall may be detached from the rest of the thoracic cage. This
injury is called a flail chest. In a flail chest, the detached por$on of the chest wall moves
opposite of normal. It moves in during inhala$on and out during exhala$on (paradoxical
, mo$on). Isolated (single) rib fractures are not associated with paradoxical mo$on because they
are usually only fractured in one place. In a pneumothorax, the pa$ent's respira$ons are o#en
labored; in severe cases, an en$re side of the chest may not move at all (asymmetrical chest
movement). A pulmonary contusion (bruising of the lung $ssue) does not cause paradoxical
chest mo$on unless associated with a flail chest.
We have an expert-wri*en solu on to this problem!
Following a head injury, a young female is semiconscious and is bleeding from the nose and le#
ear. You should:
A:control the bleeding from her nose by pinching her nostrils closed.
B:place a pressure dressing over her ear to prevent blood loss.
C:cover her ear and nose with a loose gauze pad to collect the blood.
D:insert a nasal airway to keep her tongue from blocking the airway.
C;
Reason:
Blood draining from the ears or nose following a head injury may contain cerebrospinal fluid
(CSF) and indicates a skull fracture. In these cases, do NOT a empt to stop the flow of blood.
Applying excessive pressure may force the blood leaking from the ears or nose to collect within
the cranium, which could increase the pressure on the brain and cause permanent damage.
Loosely cover the ears or nose with a sterile gauze pad to collect the blood and help keep
contaminants out (pa$ents with a skull fracture and CSF leakage are at risk for meningi$s). The
nasopharyngeal (nasal) airway is contraindicated in pa$ents with a possible skull fracture,
especially if blood is draining from the nose. The airway adjunct may inadvertently enter the
cranial vault through the fracture.
A 23-year-old male was struck across the face with a baseball bat. His eyes are swollen shut, he
has massive facial bruising and deformi$es, and has blood in his mouth. Your MOST immediate
concern should be:
A:permanent vision loss.
B:intracranial bleeding.
Updated 100% verified correct NEW!! 2025/2026
UPDATED
Damaged small blood vessels beneath the skin following blunt trauma causes:
A:mo ling.
B:ecchymosis.
C:hematoma.
D:cyanosis.
B;
Reason:
When small blood vessels beneath the skin are damaged, blood seeps into the so# $ssues. This
manifests as a bruise, also referred to as ecchymosis. A hematoma develops when larger blood
vessels are ruptured and the internal bleeding forms a "lump." Cyanosis is a blue or purple
discolora$on of the skin and signifies a low content of oxygen in the blood. Mo ling occurs
when the skin takes on a blotched, purple appearance and is a sign of shock (hypoperfusion).
We have an expert-wri*en solu on to this problem!
During transport of a pa$ent with a head injury, which of the following will provide you with the
MOST informa$on regarding the pa$ent's condi$on?
A:Heart rate
B:Mental status
C:Pupil size
D:Blood pressure
B;
,Reason:
The pa$ent's mental status provides you with the most informa$on regarding overall perfusion
status, especially when monitoring a pa$ent with a head injury. Frequent neurologic
assessments, which includes assessing the pa$ent's pupils, are cri$cal in determining if the
pa$ent's condi$on is improving or deteriora$ng. Vital signs should be monitored according to
the pa$ent's condi$on, at least every 5 minutes if he or she is unstable and at least every 15
minutes if he or she is stable.
You are called to a local nightclub for an injured pa$ent. Law enforcement personnel have
secured the scene. Upon arrival, you see a young man who is lying on the ground screaming in
pain; bright red blood is spur$ng from an apparent stab wound to his groin area. You should:
A:control the bleeding.
B:prevent hypothermia.
C:ensure an open airway.
D:apply 100% oxygen.
A; This is correct!
Reason:
This pa$ent's airway is obviously patent; he is screaming in pain. Blood spur$ng from the groin
area indicates arterial bleeding from the femoral artery. If this bleeding is not controlled
immediately, the pa$ent will die. Oxygen and other shock treatment (ie, keeping him warm)
should be ini$ated a#er this life-threatening bleeding is controlled. If you take the $me to set
up and administer oxygen prior to managing the bleeding, the pa$ent will die. Base your
treatment priori$es on what will kill the pa$ent first.
We have an expert-wri*en solu on to this problem!
When assessing and trea$ng a pa$ent with a gunshot wound, you should rou$nely:
A:evaluate the pulses proximal to the wound.
B:apply ice directly to the wound.
,C:determine why the pa$ent was shot.
D:look for the presence of an exit wound.
D;
Reason:
When assessing a pa$ent who sustained a gunshot wound, you should rou$nely look for an exit
wound, which may be difficult to find. Exit wounds can be a source of con$nued bleeding, both
externally and internally. They may or may not follow the same path as the entrance wound.
This is why it is important to conduct a thorough examina$on of the pa$ent. Ice can be applied
to the wound, but only a#er the wound has been covered by a sterile dressing. Determining
why the pa$ent was shot is the responsibility of law enforcement, not the EMT. If the wound is
close to an extremity, pulse, motor, and sensory func$on should be assessed distal to the
wound.
We have an expert-wri*en solu on to this problem!
Following blunt trauma to the chest, a 33-year-old male has shallow, painful breathing. On
assessment, you note that an area to the le# side of his chest collapses during inhala$on and
bulges during exhala$on. These are signs of a/an:
A:isolated rib fracture.
B:flail chest.
C:pulmonary contusion.
D:pneumothorax.
B;
Reason:
If two or more ribs are fractured in two or more places or if the sternum is fractured along with
several ribs, a segment of chest wall may be detached from the rest of the thoracic cage. This
injury is called a flail chest. In a flail chest, the detached por$on of the chest wall moves
opposite of normal. It moves in during inhala$on and out during exhala$on (paradoxical
, mo$on). Isolated (single) rib fractures are not associated with paradoxical mo$on because they
are usually only fractured in one place. In a pneumothorax, the pa$ent's respira$ons are o#en
labored; in severe cases, an en$re side of the chest may not move at all (asymmetrical chest
movement). A pulmonary contusion (bruising of the lung $ssue) does not cause paradoxical
chest mo$on unless associated with a flail chest.
We have an expert-wri*en solu on to this problem!
Following a head injury, a young female is semiconscious and is bleeding from the nose and le#
ear. You should:
A:control the bleeding from her nose by pinching her nostrils closed.
B:place a pressure dressing over her ear to prevent blood loss.
C:cover her ear and nose with a loose gauze pad to collect the blood.
D:insert a nasal airway to keep her tongue from blocking the airway.
C;
Reason:
Blood draining from the ears or nose following a head injury may contain cerebrospinal fluid
(CSF) and indicates a skull fracture. In these cases, do NOT a empt to stop the flow of blood.
Applying excessive pressure may force the blood leaking from the ears or nose to collect within
the cranium, which could increase the pressure on the brain and cause permanent damage.
Loosely cover the ears or nose with a sterile gauze pad to collect the blood and help keep
contaminants out (pa$ents with a skull fracture and CSF leakage are at risk for meningi$s). The
nasopharyngeal (nasal) airway is contraindicated in pa$ents with a possible skull fracture,
especially if blood is draining from the nose. The airway adjunct may inadvertently enter the
cranial vault through the fracture.
A 23-year-old male was struck across the face with a baseball bat. His eyes are swollen shut, he
has massive facial bruising and deformi$es, and has blood in his mouth. Your MOST immediate
concern should be:
A:permanent vision loss.
B:intracranial bleeding.
