Chapter 1: Nursing Leadership and Management
b b b b b
MULTIPLE CHOICE
b b
1. According to Henri Fayol, the functions of planning, organizing, coordinating, and controlling
b b b b b b b b b b b
are considered which aspect of management?
b b b b b b
, a. Roles
b. Process
c. Functions
d. Taxonomy
ANS: bB, bThe bmanagement bprocess bincludes bplanning, borganizing, bcoordinating, band bcontrolling. bManagement broles binclude
binformation bprocessing, binterpersonal brelationships, band bdecision bmaking. bManagement bfunctions binclude bplanning, borganizing,
bstaffing, bdirecting, bcoordinating, breporting, band bbudgeting. bA btaxonomy bis ba bsystem bthat borders bprinciples binto ba bgrouping bor
bclassification.
2. Which of the following is considered a decisional managerial role?
b b b b b b b b b
a. Disseminator
b. Figurehead
c. Leader
d. Entrepreneur
ANS: bD, bThe bdecisional bmanagerial broles binclude bentrepreneur, bdisturbance bhandler, ballocator bof bresources, band bnegotiator.
bThe binformation bprocessing bmanagerial broles binclude bmonitor, bdisseminator, band bspokesperson. bThe binterpersonal
bmanagerial broles binclude bfigurehead, bleader, band bliaison.
3. A nurse manager meets regularly with other nurse managers, participates on the
b b b b b b b b b b b
organizations committees, and attends meetings sponsored by professional organizations in
b b b b b b b b b b
order to manage relationships. These activities are considered which function of a manager?
b b b b b b b b b b b b b
a. Informing
b. Problem solving b
c. Monitoring
d. Networking
ANS: bD, bThe brole bfunctions bto bmanage brelationships bare bnetworking, bsupporting, bdeveloping band bmentoring, bmanaging
bconflict band bteam bbuilding, bmotivating band binspiring, brecognizing, band brewarding. bThe brole bfunctions bto bmanage bthe bwork
bare bplanning band borganizing, bproblem bsolving, bclarifying broles band bobjectives, binforming, bmonitoring, bconsulting, band
bdelegating.
4. A nurse was recently promoted to a middle-level manager position. The nurses title
b b b b b b b b b b b b
would most likely be which of the following?
b b b b b b b b
a. First-line manager b
b. Director
c. Vice president of patient care services
b b b b b
d. Chief nurse executive
b b
ANS: bB, bA bmiddle-level bmanager bis bcalled ba bdirector. bA blow bmanagerial- blevel bjob bis bcalled bthe bfirst-line bmanager. bA bnurse bin
ban bexecutive blevel brole bis bcalled ba bchief bnurse bexecutive bor bvice bpresident bof bpatient bcare bservices.
5. A nurse manager who uses Frederick Taylors scientific management approach, would most likely
b b b b b b b b b b b b
focus on which of the following?
b b b b b b
, a. General principles b
b. Positional authority b
c. Labor productivity
b
d. Impersonal relations b
ANS: bC, bThe barea bof bfocus bfor bscientific bmanagement bis blabor bproductivity. bIn bbureaucratic btheory, befficiency bis bachieved bthrough
bimpersonal brelations bwithin ba bformal bstructure band bis bbased bon bpositional bauthority. b Administrative bprinciple btheory bconsists bof
bprinciples bof bmanagement bthat bare brelevant bto bany borganization.
6. According to Vrooms Theory of Motivation, force:
b b b b b b
a. is the perceived possibility that the goal will be achieved.
b b b b b b b b b
b. describes the amount of effort one will exert to reach ones goal.
b b b b b b b b b b b
c. describes people who have free will but choose to comply with orders they are given.
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
d. is a naturally forming social group that can become a contributor to an organization.
b b b b b b b b b b b b b
ANS: bB, bAccording bto bVrooms bTheory bof bMotivation, bForce bdescribes bthe bamount bof beffort bone bwill bexert bto breach bones
bgoal. bValence bspeaks bto bthe blevel bof battractiveness bor bunattractiveness bof bthe bgoal. b Expectancy bis bthe bperceived bpossibility bthat
bthe bgoal bwill bbe bachieved. bVrooms bTheory bof bMotivation bcan bbe bdemonstrated bin bthe bform bof ban bequation: bForce b= bValence
bExpectancy b(Vroom, b1964). bThe btheory bproposes bthat bthis bequation bcan bhelp bto bpredict bthe bmotivation, bor bforce, bof ban
bindividual bas bdescribed bby bVroom.
7. According to R. N. Lussier, motivation:
b b b b b
a. is unconsciously demonstrated by people.
b b b b
b. occurs externally to influence behavior.
b b b b
c. is determined by others choices.
b b b b
d. occurs internally to influence behavior.
b b b b
ANS: bD, bMotivation bis ba bprocess bthat boccurs binternally bto binfluence band bdirect bour bbehavior bin border bto bsatisfy bneeds.
bMotivation bis bnot bexplicitly bdemonstrated bby bpeople, bbut brather bit bis binterpreted bfrom btheir bbehavior. bMotivation bis bwhatever
binfluences b our bchoices band bcreates bdirection, bintensity, band bpersistence bin bour bbehavior.
8. According to R. N. Lussier, there are content motivation theories and process motivation
b b b b b b b b b b b b
theories. Which of the following is considered a process motivation theory?
b b b b b b b b b b b
a. Equity theory b
b. Hierarchy of needs theory b b b
c. Existence-relatedness-growth theory b
d. Hygiene maintenance and motivation factors
b b b b
ANS: bA, bThe bprocess bmotivation btheories bare bequity btheory band bexpectancy btheory. bThe bcontent bmotivation btheories binclude
bMaslows bhierarchy bof bneeds btheory, bAldefers bexistence- brelatedness-growth b(ERG) btheory, band bHerzbergs bhygiene bmaintenance
bfactors band bmotivation bfactors.
9. The theory that includes maintenance and motivation factors is:
b b b b b b b b
a. Maslows hierarchy of needs. b b b
b. Herzbergs two-factor theory. b b
c. McGregors theory X and theory Y. b b b b b
d. Ouchis theory Z. b b
, ANS: bB, bThe btwo-factor btheory bof bmotivation bincludes bmotivation band bmaintenance bfactors. bMaslows bhierarchy bof bneeds
bincludes bthe bfollowing bneeds: bphysiological, bsafety, bsecurity, bbelonging, band bself-actualization. bIn btheory bX, bemployees bprefer
bsecurity, bdirection, band bminimal bresponsibility. bIn btheory bY, bemployees benjoy btheir bwork, bshow bself-control band bdiscipline,
bare bable bto bcontribute bcreatively, band bare bmotivated bby bties bto bthe bgroup, borganization, band bthe bwork bitself. bThe bfocus bof btheory
bZ bis bcollective bdecision bmaking band blong-term bemployment bthat binvolves bslower bpromotions band bless bdirect bsupervision.
10. A nurse is appointed to a leadership position in the local hospital. The nurses position would be
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
considered which of the following?
b b b b b
a. Informal leadership b
b. Formal leadership b
c. Leadership
d. Management
ANS: bB, bFormal bleadership bis bbased bon boccupying ba bposition bin ban borganization. bInformal bleadership bis bshown bby ban
bindividual bwho bdemonstrates bleadership boutside bthe bscope bof ba bformal bleadership brole bor bas ba bmember bof ba bgroup. bLeadership
bis ba bprocess bof binfluence bwhereby bthe bleader binfluences bothers btoward bgoal bachievement. bManagement bis ba bprocess bto
bachieve borganizational bgoals.
11. A nursing instructor is evaluating whether the nursing students understand the three
b b b b b b b b b b b
fundamental qualities that leaders share. According to Bennis and Nanus, the
b b b b b b b b b b b
fundamental qualities of effective leaders are:
b b b b b b
a. guided vision, passion, and integrity.
b b b b
b. knowledge of self, honesty, and maturity.
b b b b b
c. intelligence, self-confidence, and determination.
b b b
d. honesty, self-awareness, and sociability.
b b b
ANS: bABennis band bNanus blist bguided bvision, bpassion, band bintegrity bas bfundamental bqualities bof beffective bleaders. bKnowledge
bof bself, bhonesty band bmaturity; bintelligence, bself-confidence band bdetermination; bself-awareness band bsociability bare ball
bdesirable b traits bin bleaders bas bwell bas bin bothers.
12. The six traits identified by Kirkpatrick and Locke that separate leaders from non-leaders were:
b b b b b b b b b b b b b
a. respectability, trustworthiness, flexibility, self-confidence, intelligence, sociability.
b b b b b
b. self-confidence, progression of experiences, influence of others, personal life factors, honesty,
b b b b b b b b b b
drive.
b
c. intelligence, self-confidence, determination, integrity, sociability, honesty.
b b b b b
d. drive, desire to lead, honesty, self-confidence, cognitive ability, knowledge of business.
b b b b b b b b b b
ANS: bD, bResearch bby bKirkpatrick band bLocke bconcluded bthat bleaders bpossess bsix btraits: bdrive, bdesire bto blead, bhonesty, bself-
bconfidence, bcognitive bability, band bknowledge bof bthe bbusiness. bWoods bidentified bfive bdominant bfactors bthat binfluenced
bleadership bdevelopment: bself-confidence, binnate bqualities, bprogression bof bexperience, binfluence bof bsignificant bothers, band
bpersonal blife bfactors. bStogdill bidentified bthe bfollowing btraits bof ba bleader: bintelligence, bself- bconfidence, bdetermination,
bintegrity, band bsociability. bMurphy band bDeBack bidentified bthe bfollowing bleader bcharacteristics: bcaring, brespectability,
btrustworthiness, band bflexibility.
13. A nurse manager who uses a leadership style that is participatory and where
b b b b b b b b b b b b
authority is delegated to others is most likely using which of the following leadership
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
styles?
b
a. Autocratic
b. Democratic
c. Laissez-faire
b b b b b
MULTIPLE CHOICE
b b
1. According to Henri Fayol, the functions of planning, organizing, coordinating, and controlling
b b b b b b b b b b b
are considered which aspect of management?
b b b b b b
, a. Roles
b. Process
c. Functions
d. Taxonomy
ANS: bB, bThe bmanagement bprocess bincludes bplanning, borganizing, bcoordinating, band bcontrolling. bManagement broles binclude
binformation bprocessing, binterpersonal brelationships, band bdecision bmaking. bManagement bfunctions binclude bplanning, borganizing,
bstaffing, bdirecting, bcoordinating, breporting, band bbudgeting. bA btaxonomy bis ba bsystem bthat borders bprinciples binto ba bgrouping bor
bclassification.
2. Which of the following is considered a decisional managerial role?
b b b b b b b b b
a. Disseminator
b. Figurehead
c. Leader
d. Entrepreneur
ANS: bD, bThe bdecisional bmanagerial broles binclude bentrepreneur, bdisturbance bhandler, ballocator bof bresources, band bnegotiator.
bThe binformation bprocessing bmanagerial broles binclude bmonitor, bdisseminator, band bspokesperson. bThe binterpersonal
bmanagerial broles binclude bfigurehead, bleader, band bliaison.
3. A nurse manager meets regularly with other nurse managers, participates on the
b b b b b b b b b b b
organizations committees, and attends meetings sponsored by professional organizations in
b b b b b b b b b b
order to manage relationships. These activities are considered which function of a manager?
b b b b b b b b b b b b b
a. Informing
b. Problem solving b
c. Monitoring
d. Networking
ANS: bD, bThe brole bfunctions bto bmanage brelationships bare bnetworking, bsupporting, bdeveloping band bmentoring, bmanaging
bconflict band bteam bbuilding, bmotivating band binspiring, brecognizing, band brewarding. bThe brole bfunctions bto bmanage bthe bwork
bare bplanning band borganizing, bproblem bsolving, bclarifying broles band bobjectives, binforming, bmonitoring, bconsulting, band
bdelegating.
4. A nurse was recently promoted to a middle-level manager position. The nurses title
b b b b b b b b b b b b
would most likely be which of the following?
b b b b b b b b
a. First-line manager b
b. Director
c. Vice president of patient care services
b b b b b
d. Chief nurse executive
b b
ANS: bB, bA bmiddle-level bmanager bis bcalled ba bdirector. bA blow bmanagerial- blevel bjob bis bcalled bthe bfirst-line bmanager. bA bnurse bin
ban bexecutive blevel brole bis bcalled ba bchief bnurse bexecutive bor bvice bpresident bof bpatient bcare bservices.
5. A nurse manager who uses Frederick Taylors scientific management approach, would most likely
b b b b b b b b b b b b
focus on which of the following?
b b b b b b
, a. General principles b
b. Positional authority b
c. Labor productivity
b
d. Impersonal relations b
ANS: bC, bThe barea bof bfocus bfor bscientific bmanagement bis blabor bproductivity. bIn bbureaucratic btheory, befficiency bis bachieved bthrough
bimpersonal brelations bwithin ba bformal bstructure band bis bbased bon bpositional bauthority. b Administrative bprinciple btheory bconsists bof
bprinciples bof bmanagement bthat bare brelevant bto bany borganization.
6. According to Vrooms Theory of Motivation, force:
b b b b b b
a. is the perceived possibility that the goal will be achieved.
b b b b b b b b b
b. describes the amount of effort one will exert to reach ones goal.
b b b b b b b b b b b
c. describes people who have free will but choose to comply with orders they are given.
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
d. is a naturally forming social group that can become a contributor to an organization.
b b b b b b b b b b b b b
ANS: bB, bAccording bto bVrooms bTheory bof bMotivation, bForce bdescribes bthe bamount bof beffort bone bwill bexert bto breach bones
bgoal. bValence bspeaks bto bthe blevel bof battractiveness bor bunattractiveness bof bthe bgoal. b Expectancy bis bthe bperceived bpossibility bthat
bthe bgoal bwill bbe bachieved. bVrooms bTheory bof bMotivation bcan bbe bdemonstrated bin bthe bform bof ban bequation: bForce b= bValence
bExpectancy b(Vroom, b1964). bThe btheory bproposes bthat bthis bequation bcan bhelp bto bpredict bthe bmotivation, bor bforce, bof ban
bindividual bas bdescribed bby bVroom.
7. According to R. N. Lussier, motivation:
b b b b b
a. is unconsciously demonstrated by people.
b b b b
b. occurs externally to influence behavior.
b b b b
c. is determined by others choices.
b b b b
d. occurs internally to influence behavior.
b b b b
ANS: bD, bMotivation bis ba bprocess bthat boccurs binternally bto binfluence band bdirect bour bbehavior bin border bto bsatisfy bneeds.
bMotivation bis bnot bexplicitly bdemonstrated bby bpeople, bbut brather bit bis binterpreted bfrom btheir bbehavior. bMotivation bis bwhatever
binfluences b our bchoices band bcreates bdirection, bintensity, band bpersistence bin bour bbehavior.
8. According to R. N. Lussier, there are content motivation theories and process motivation
b b b b b b b b b b b b
theories. Which of the following is considered a process motivation theory?
b b b b b b b b b b b
a. Equity theory b
b. Hierarchy of needs theory b b b
c. Existence-relatedness-growth theory b
d. Hygiene maintenance and motivation factors
b b b b
ANS: bA, bThe bprocess bmotivation btheories bare bequity btheory band bexpectancy btheory. bThe bcontent bmotivation btheories binclude
bMaslows bhierarchy bof bneeds btheory, bAldefers bexistence- brelatedness-growth b(ERG) btheory, band bHerzbergs bhygiene bmaintenance
bfactors band bmotivation bfactors.
9. The theory that includes maintenance and motivation factors is:
b b b b b b b b
a. Maslows hierarchy of needs. b b b
b. Herzbergs two-factor theory. b b
c. McGregors theory X and theory Y. b b b b b
d. Ouchis theory Z. b b
, ANS: bB, bThe btwo-factor btheory bof bmotivation bincludes bmotivation band bmaintenance bfactors. bMaslows bhierarchy bof bneeds
bincludes bthe bfollowing bneeds: bphysiological, bsafety, bsecurity, bbelonging, band bself-actualization. bIn btheory bX, bemployees bprefer
bsecurity, bdirection, band bminimal bresponsibility. bIn btheory bY, bemployees benjoy btheir bwork, bshow bself-control band bdiscipline,
bare bable bto bcontribute bcreatively, band bare bmotivated bby bties bto bthe bgroup, borganization, band bthe bwork bitself. bThe bfocus bof btheory
bZ bis bcollective bdecision bmaking band blong-term bemployment bthat binvolves bslower bpromotions band bless bdirect bsupervision.
10. A nurse is appointed to a leadership position in the local hospital. The nurses position would be
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
considered which of the following?
b b b b b
a. Informal leadership b
b. Formal leadership b
c. Leadership
d. Management
ANS: bB, bFormal bleadership bis bbased bon boccupying ba bposition bin ban borganization. bInformal bleadership bis bshown bby ban
bindividual bwho bdemonstrates bleadership boutside bthe bscope bof ba bformal bleadership brole bor bas ba bmember bof ba bgroup. bLeadership
bis ba bprocess bof binfluence bwhereby bthe bleader binfluences bothers btoward bgoal bachievement. bManagement bis ba bprocess bto
bachieve borganizational bgoals.
11. A nursing instructor is evaluating whether the nursing students understand the three
b b b b b b b b b b b
fundamental qualities that leaders share. According to Bennis and Nanus, the
b b b b b b b b b b b
fundamental qualities of effective leaders are:
b b b b b b
a. guided vision, passion, and integrity.
b b b b
b. knowledge of self, honesty, and maturity.
b b b b b
c. intelligence, self-confidence, and determination.
b b b
d. honesty, self-awareness, and sociability.
b b b
ANS: bABennis band bNanus blist bguided bvision, bpassion, band bintegrity bas bfundamental bqualities bof beffective bleaders. bKnowledge
bof bself, bhonesty band bmaturity; bintelligence, bself-confidence band bdetermination; bself-awareness band bsociability bare ball
bdesirable b traits bin bleaders bas bwell bas bin bothers.
12. The six traits identified by Kirkpatrick and Locke that separate leaders from non-leaders were:
b b b b b b b b b b b b b
a. respectability, trustworthiness, flexibility, self-confidence, intelligence, sociability.
b b b b b
b. self-confidence, progression of experiences, influence of others, personal life factors, honesty,
b b b b b b b b b b
drive.
b
c. intelligence, self-confidence, determination, integrity, sociability, honesty.
b b b b b
d. drive, desire to lead, honesty, self-confidence, cognitive ability, knowledge of business.
b b b b b b b b b b
ANS: bD, bResearch bby bKirkpatrick band bLocke bconcluded bthat bleaders bpossess bsix btraits: bdrive, bdesire bto blead, bhonesty, bself-
bconfidence, bcognitive bability, band bknowledge bof bthe bbusiness. bWoods bidentified bfive bdominant bfactors bthat binfluenced
bleadership bdevelopment: bself-confidence, binnate bqualities, bprogression bof bexperience, binfluence bof bsignificant bothers, band
bpersonal blife bfactors. bStogdill bidentified bthe bfollowing btraits bof ba bleader: bintelligence, bself- bconfidence, bdetermination,
bintegrity, band bsociability. bMurphy band bDeBack bidentified bthe bfollowing bleader bcharacteristics: bcaring, brespectability,
btrustworthiness, band bflexibility.
13. A nurse manager who uses a leadership style that is participatory and where
b b b b b b b b b b b b
authority is delegated to others is most likely using which of the following leadership
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
styles?
b
a. Autocratic
b. Democratic
c. Laissez-faire
