NRES 348 Finals Exam Questions with Complete
Solutions
Harvest, Habitat, Hydropower, Hatchery effects
The "Fish Squeeze"
Chesapeake Bay, the Everglades
Example Systems where an ecosystem approach has been implemented
an area or ridge of land that separates waters flowing to different rivers, basins, or seas
watershed
a system that includes the fish, habitat, and human users
fishery
acts on a population by direct or indirect means; appropriate when a population has to be
harvested
Manipulative Management
Preventative or protective; appropriate in a national park setting or for conservation of a
threatened species
Custodial Management
designed to integrate ecology, socioeconomic perspectives, and institutional perspectives
ecosystem management
Era of Abundance (1600-1849)
, most fish and wildlife species found in high numbers, resource viewed as limitless
everything viewed as a commons
Era of Overexploitation (1850-1899)
Wildlife populations declined
Hunted or trapped to the brink of extinction
Some reactive responses:
first game wardens, hunting license, bag limit, first national park (Yellowstone)
Era of Protection (1900-1925)
Laws protecting wildlife were established
regulated market hunting, controlled importation of exotics and interstate transport of
illegal game
Lacey Act
provided for protection of waterfowl
Weeks-McClean Act
protection of migratory birds either complete or through regulation
Migratory Bird Treaty Act
coined the term "conservation
started the first forestry school
recognized that resources must be managed
Gifford Pinchot
Solutions
Harvest, Habitat, Hydropower, Hatchery effects
The "Fish Squeeze"
Chesapeake Bay, the Everglades
Example Systems where an ecosystem approach has been implemented
an area or ridge of land that separates waters flowing to different rivers, basins, or seas
watershed
a system that includes the fish, habitat, and human users
fishery
acts on a population by direct or indirect means; appropriate when a population has to be
harvested
Manipulative Management
Preventative or protective; appropriate in a national park setting or for conservation of a
threatened species
Custodial Management
designed to integrate ecology, socioeconomic perspectives, and institutional perspectives
ecosystem management
Era of Abundance (1600-1849)
, most fish and wildlife species found in high numbers, resource viewed as limitless
everything viewed as a commons
Era of Overexploitation (1850-1899)
Wildlife populations declined
Hunted or trapped to the brink of extinction
Some reactive responses:
first game wardens, hunting license, bag limit, first national park (Yellowstone)
Era of Protection (1900-1925)
Laws protecting wildlife were established
regulated market hunting, controlled importation of exotics and interstate transport of
illegal game
Lacey Act
provided for protection of waterfowl
Weeks-McClean Act
protection of migratory birds either complete or through regulation
Migratory Bird Treaty Act
coined the term "conservation
started the first forestry school
recognized that resources must be managed
Gifford Pinchot
