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90 % renal, 10% hepatic, need supplementation when
Erythropoetin
GFR is less than 49
In health, make up 1-2 % of total RBCs, increased in
response to anema. Absence of reticulocytosis or
Reticulocytes
presence of reticulocytopenia shows inadequate
bone marrow response.
normal is 12 for females and 15 for males. Ratio to
Hemoglobin
hematocrit is 1:3
MCV determines red blood cell size - normal is 80-96
MCH reflects hgb content and color, normal is 31-37
RDW variation of RBC size - normal is 11.5-15%
Normocytic, acute blood loss, anemia of chronic disease
normochromic , normal
RDW
Microcytic, hypochromic Iron deficiency anemia
anemia, elevated RDW
, Microcytic, hypochromic, alpha or beta thalassemia minor
normal RDW
Macrocytic, Vitamin B12 deficiency, folate deficiency, pernicious
normochromic, elevated anemia
RDW
Macrocytosis without use of medications like tegretol, AZT, depakote,
anemia dilantin, alcohol
Heart murmur seen in b12 Hemic murmur
deficiency
Most common pathogen S. pneumoniae
in CAP, ABRS, AOM
Common pathogen in H. influenzae, more than 30% now pcn resistant via
ABRS, AOM, CAP beta lactamase production
particularly with recurrent
infections and tobacco
use
First line treatment for Augmentin 500/125 TID or 875/125 BID
Acute Bacterial
Rhinosinusitis
Second line treatment for Augmentin 2000/125 BID or doxy 100 mg BID or 200
Acute Bacterial mg QD
Rhinosinusitis
Treatment for ABRS if Doxy, Levofloxacin, Moxifloxacin
allergic to PCN,
Cephalosporins
Treatment for ABRS if Doxy, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin
antibiotic resistance of
failed initial therapy
slowly progressive hearing loss that is symmetric and
Presbycusis
high frequency