TREATMENT OF MENOPAUSE EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100% CORRECT!!

FSH and menopause - ANSWER FSH levels increase at menopause due to relief of feedback typical FSH measurements - ANSWER 1. typical pre-menopausal levels = 5-25 mIU/mL 2. typical postmenopausal level = 40 mIU/mL 3. during perimenopause = may surge to 500 mIU/mL 4. COCs, HRT, ovarian and pituitary tumors may alter test results 5. usually unnecessary or unreliable goals of menopause therapy - ANSWER 1. relive menopausal symptoms 2. enhance quality of life 3. reduce morbidity/mortality associated with sex-hormone deficiency (bone loss, CV disease, and diabetes) therapeutic treatment options for menopause - ANSWER 1. lifestyle modifications 2. hormonal therapies (traditional agents, bioidentical hormone therapy (BHRT)) 3. symptomatic relief 4. alternative products lifestyle modification - ANSWER 1. smoking cessation 2. decrease caffeine and alcohol intake 3. increase exercise 4. for vasomotor symptoms = dress in layers; avoid hot spicy foods, alcohol and caffeine; deep breathing / stress reduction techniques, meditation 5. OTC vaginal lubricants and moisturizers 6. alternative products purpose of Women's Health Initiative (WHI) - ANSWER define risks and benefits of interventions to decrease heart disease, breast and colorectal cancer, and osteoporotic fractures in postmenopausal women effects of standard-dose estrogen-alone HT (2013 Recommendations for HT) - ANSWER may decrease CHD (coronary heart disease) and all-cause mortality in women 60yrs and within 10yrs of menopause effects of estrogen plus progestogen HT (2013 Recommendations for HT) - ANSWER 1. may decrease all-cause mortality in women 60yrs and within 10yrs of menopause 2. in most RCTs, no significant increase or decrease in CHD (coronary heart disease) has been found local low-dose estrogen therapy is preferred for ... (2013 Recommendations for HT) - ANSWER women whose symptoms are limited to vaginal dryness or associated discomfort with intercourse