Peds Urology and Nephrology
1. hypospadias: urethral meatus located ventrally (underneath)
2. epispadias: urethral meatus located dorsally (on top)
3. can you circumsize with hypospadias or epispadias: NO
4. hypospadias and epispadias are repaired by urology by: 18 months of age
5. cryptorchidism: undescended testes
6. cryptorchidism is associated with increased incidence of: inguinal hernia
7. cryptorchidism complications: infertility
malignancy
8. treatment of cryptorchidism: ochideopexy by age 1 or 2
9. retractile testes: Normal testes that retract into the inguinal canal
due to exaggerated cremasteric reflex
1/4
, 10. in children most inguinal hernias are: indirect
(from congenital condition due to patent processus vaginalis)
11. descent of testes occurs around: 28-36 weeks GA
12. hydrocele: Accumulation of fluid within tunica vaginalis or processusvaginalis
13. does hydrocele transilluminate: yes
14. phimosis: inability to retract foreskin
15. phimosis treatment: generally loosens during puberty
topical steroids
gentle stretching
circumcision in severe cases
16. paraphimosis: Prepuce retracted behind the coronal sulcus acting as tourniquet causing severe pain
17. treatment of paraphimosis: reduction of glans and prepuce
emergent circumcision if severe
18. signs of urethral stricture: bladder instability, hematuria, dysuria
2/4
1. hypospadias: urethral meatus located ventrally (underneath)
2. epispadias: urethral meatus located dorsally (on top)
3. can you circumsize with hypospadias or epispadias: NO
4. hypospadias and epispadias are repaired by urology by: 18 months of age
5. cryptorchidism: undescended testes
6. cryptorchidism is associated with increased incidence of: inguinal hernia
7. cryptorchidism complications: infertility
malignancy
8. treatment of cryptorchidism: ochideopexy by age 1 or 2
9. retractile testes: Normal testes that retract into the inguinal canal
due to exaggerated cremasteric reflex
1/4
, 10. in children most inguinal hernias are: indirect
(from congenital condition due to patent processus vaginalis)
11. descent of testes occurs around: 28-36 weeks GA
12. hydrocele: Accumulation of fluid within tunica vaginalis or processusvaginalis
13. does hydrocele transilluminate: yes
14. phimosis: inability to retract foreskin
15. phimosis treatment: generally loosens during puberty
topical steroids
gentle stretching
circumcision in severe cases
16. paraphimosis: Prepuce retracted behind the coronal sulcus acting as tourniquet causing severe pain
17. treatment of paraphimosis: reduction of glans and prepuce
emergent circumcision if severe
18. signs of urethral stricture: bladder instability, hematuria, dysuria
2/4
