C273 WGU EXAM ACTUAL 2025/2026 QUESTIONS AND 100% CORRECT ANSWERS

C273 WGU EXAM ACTUAL 2025/2026 QUESTIONS AND 100% CORRECT ANSWERS Auguste Comte () - Answer -Introduced positivism (the idea of applying scientific methods to the social world) and coined the term sociology and the founder of sociology. He believed that it was necessary to observe and classify human behavior to uncover society's fundamental laws. Herbert Spencer () - Answer -Believed that no one should interfere with the evolution of society. He did not conduct research but developed ideas about society. Idea that society evolves from lower to higher forms. Karl Marx () - Answer -Believed that the root cause of all misery in society was class conflict—the exploitation of the working classes by those who were wealthy and owned the means of production. Emile Durkheim () - Answer -Found through his studies that the rate of suicide was higher among people whose ties with their communities were weak. Max Weber () - Answer -Believed that religion was the central force in society. He used cross-cultural and historical materials to trace the causes of social change.Jane Addams () - Answer -Founded the Hull House in the Chicago slums and welcomed people who were poor, sick, and needy. She worked to implement the eight-hour workday and to abolish child labor. Social Reform W.E.B. DuBois () - Answer -Combined sociology and social reform. He spent his lifetime studying the relations between AfricanAmericans and Whites. Race relations. Talcott Parsons () - Answer -Abstract models for sociology Harriet Martineau () - Answer -Social research basic sociology - Answer -research into the behaviors of people in a social environment. It provides knowledge about that society and those people. applied sociology - Answer -takes the knowledge found by basic sociology and uses it to bring about social change. Symbolic interactionism - Answer -social life is based on symbols; things to which we attach meaning. Thus, symbolic meanings a society attaches to relationships, various behaviors, and actions simplify communication and enable the individual or group to define who and what they are, and to understand the importance of specific behaviors and events. Functional analysis - Answer -society is viewed as a unit of interrelated parts that must function together. Conflict theory - Answer -society is seen as being made up of competing groups vying for scarce resources. Although alliances and cooperationmight seem to exist, there is an underlying struggle for power at all times. List the primary ways in which sociologists do research - Answer - Surveys, Participant observation, Secondary analysis, Documents, Experiments, Unobtrusive methods Surveys - Answer -Collection of data by having people answer questions, such as in graduate satisfaction surveys and employee satisfaction surveys. Participant Observation - Answer -The researcher participates in a research setting while observing what is happening there. What are the ethical guidelines that sociologists follow? - Answer - Honesty, Openness, Truthfulness, Protecting the anonymity of the participants, Avoiding misrepresentation of the participants, Conducting safe research Material Culture - Answer -This includes items such as jewelry, art, buildings, weapons, machines, clothing, hairstyles, and so on. Nonmaterial Culture - Answer -This is a group's ways of thinking (beliefs, values, and assumptions) and common patterns of behavior (language, gestures, and forms of interactions). Ethnocentrism - Answer -The use of one's own culture as a yardstick for judging the ways of other individuals or societies, generally leading to a negative evaluation of their values, norms, and behaviors. cultural relativism - Answer -Not judging a culture, but trying to understand it on its own terms.