1
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Biod 151 - final exam Questions and
Answers (100% Correct Answers) Already
Graded A+
What are the levels of organization in the body? [ ANS: ] atom,
molecule, macromolecule, organelle, cell, tissue, organ, organ
systems, organism
What is superior v inferior? [ ANS: ] toward the head (above) v
away from the head (below)
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What is ventral v dorsal? [ ANS: ] front (anterior) v back (posterior)
What is medial v lateral? [ ANS: ] toward the midline of the body
v away from the midline of the body
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What is proximal v distal? [ ANS: ] close to the point of
attachment v farther from point of attachment
What is deep v superficial? [ ANS: ] away from the body surface v
toward the body surface
What is flexion v extension? [ ANS: ] closing of a joint v opening of
a joint
what is ABduction v ADDuction? [ ANS: ] movement away from
midline v movement toward midline
What is dorsiflexion v plantarflexion? [ ANS: ] toes up v toes down
What is pronation v supination? [ ANS: ] palms up/foot lateral v
palms down/foot medial
What is elevation v depression? [ ANS: ] upward movement of a
structure v downward movement of a structure
What is retraction v protraction? [ ANS: ] movement of a structure
drawn backward v movement of a structure drawn forward
, 2
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Describe anatomical position [ ANS: ] Standing upright with feet
slightly apart, palms facing forward and thumbs facing away from
the body
What is the sagittal plane? [ ANS: ] divides body into left and right
(midsagittal is equal parts)
What are frontal planes? [ ANS: ] divides body into front and
back
What is a transverse plane? [ ANS: ] divides the body into superior
and inferior parts
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What lies within the dorsal cavity? [ ANS: ] the cranial cavity, the
spinal cavity, pelvic cavity
What lies within the ventral body cavity? [ ANS: ] thoracic cavity,
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pleural cavity, thoracic cavity, pericardial cavity, abdominopelvic
cavity
What is serosa? [ ANS: ] membrane that lines the ventral body
cavity and the outer surface of the organs
What is pleurisy? [ ANS: ] inflammation of the pleurae
What are the nine abdominopelvic regions? [ ANS: ] R/L
hypochondriac, epigastric, R/L lumbar, umbilical, R/L hypogastric,
hypogastric
Why do cells need to remain relatively small? [ ANS: ] Because as
the cell expands, the amount of surface area relative to volume
decreases. The smaller cell is more active when its surface area,
relative to its volume, is bigger
What are the three characteristics of a prokaryotic cell? [ ANS: ]
smaller than eukaryotic, DNA is not enclosed in a nuclear
membrane, do not contain many of the internal membrane-
bound organelles that eukaryotic cells have
, 3
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What parts of a prokaryotic cell can be labeled? [ ANS: ]
capsule, cell wall, plasma membrane, cytoplasm, ribosomes,
plasmid, pili, bacterial flagellum, nucleoid
What is the nucleus in a eukaryotic cell? [ ANS: ] surrounded by a
nuclear membrane and contains DNA. Serves as the control enter
of the cell
What are chromosomes? [ ANS: ] organized form of DNA in a cell
What are genes? [ ANS: ] sections of a chromosome that
determine what proteins are synthesized in the ribosomes
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What transfers the information from the DNA to the ribosomes? [
ANS: ] Messenger RNA
Where is RNA made? [ ANS: ] nucleolus
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What are ribosomes? [ ANS: ] tiny manufacturing plants that
assemble proteins.
Where are ribosomes located? [ ANS: ] the rough ER
What is the purpose of the rough/smooth ER? [ ANS: ] after
proteins are assembled, they are modified and transported by the
eR. The smooth ER also synthesizes lipids
What is the cytoplasm? [ ANS: ] fluid portion of the cell and all the
organelles outside of the nucleus
What is the golgi complex? [ ANS: ] made up of flattened sacs
called cisternae. Responsible for receiving lipids and proteins
synthesized by the ER altering their structures and shipping them to
other parts of the cell.
What are lysosomes? [ ANS: ] produced by the golgi complex,
they are a digestive enzyme that breaks down proteins, lipids,
carbs, and nucleic acids
For Expert help and assignment solutions, +254707240657
Biod 151 - final exam Questions and
Answers (100% Correct Answers) Already
Graded A+
What are the levels of organization in the body? [ ANS: ] atom,
molecule, macromolecule, organelle, cell, tissue, organ, organ
systems, organism
What is superior v inferior? [ ANS: ] toward the head (above) v
away from the head (below)
© 2025 Assignment Expert
What is ventral v dorsal? [ ANS: ] front (anterior) v back (posterior)
What is medial v lateral? [ ANS: ] toward the midline of the body
v away from the midline of the body
Guru01 - Stuvia
What is proximal v distal? [ ANS: ] close to the point of
attachment v farther from point of attachment
What is deep v superficial? [ ANS: ] away from the body surface v
toward the body surface
What is flexion v extension? [ ANS: ] closing of a joint v opening of
a joint
what is ABduction v ADDuction? [ ANS: ] movement away from
midline v movement toward midline
What is dorsiflexion v plantarflexion? [ ANS: ] toes up v toes down
What is pronation v supination? [ ANS: ] palms up/foot lateral v
palms down/foot medial
What is elevation v depression? [ ANS: ] upward movement of a
structure v downward movement of a structure
What is retraction v protraction? [ ANS: ] movement of a structure
drawn backward v movement of a structure drawn forward
, 2
For Expert help and assignment solutions, +254707240657
Describe anatomical position [ ANS: ] Standing upright with feet
slightly apart, palms facing forward and thumbs facing away from
the body
What is the sagittal plane? [ ANS: ] divides body into left and right
(midsagittal is equal parts)
What are frontal planes? [ ANS: ] divides body into front and
back
What is a transverse plane? [ ANS: ] divides the body into superior
and inferior parts
© 2025 Assignment Expert
What lies within the dorsal cavity? [ ANS: ] the cranial cavity, the
spinal cavity, pelvic cavity
What lies within the ventral body cavity? [ ANS: ] thoracic cavity,
Guru01 - Stuvia
pleural cavity, thoracic cavity, pericardial cavity, abdominopelvic
cavity
What is serosa? [ ANS: ] membrane that lines the ventral body
cavity and the outer surface of the organs
What is pleurisy? [ ANS: ] inflammation of the pleurae
What are the nine abdominopelvic regions? [ ANS: ] R/L
hypochondriac, epigastric, R/L lumbar, umbilical, R/L hypogastric,
hypogastric
Why do cells need to remain relatively small? [ ANS: ] Because as
the cell expands, the amount of surface area relative to volume
decreases. The smaller cell is more active when its surface area,
relative to its volume, is bigger
What are the three characteristics of a prokaryotic cell? [ ANS: ]
smaller than eukaryotic, DNA is not enclosed in a nuclear
membrane, do not contain many of the internal membrane-
bound organelles that eukaryotic cells have
, 3
For Expert help and assignment solutions, +254707240657
What parts of a prokaryotic cell can be labeled? [ ANS: ]
capsule, cell wall, plasma membrane, cytoplasm, ribosomes,
plasmid, pili, bacterial flagellum, nucleoid
What is the nucleus in a eukaryotic cell? [ ANS: ] surrounded by a
nuclear membrane and contains DNA. Serves as the control enter
of the cell
What are chromosomes? [ ANS: ] organized form of DNA in a cell
What are genes? [ ANS: ] sections of a chromosome that
determine what proteins are synthesized in the ribosomes
© 2025 Assignment Expert
What transfers the information from the DNA to the ribosomes? [
ANS: ] Messenger RNA
Where is RNA made? [ ANS: ] nucleolus
Guru01 - Stuvia
What are ribosomes? [ ANS: ] tiny manufacturing plants that
assemble proteins.
Where are ribosomes located? [ ANS: ] the rough ER
What is the purpose of the rough/smooth ER? [ ANS: ] after
proteins are assembled, they are modified and transported by the
eR. The smooth ER also synthesizes lipids
What is the cytoplasm? [ ANS: ] fluid portion of the cell and all the
organelles outside of the nucleus
What is the golgi complex? [ ANS: ] made up of flattened sacs
called cisternae. Responsible for receiving lipids and proteins
synthesized by the ER altering their structures and shipping them to
other parts of the cell.
What are lysosomes? [ ANS: ] produced by the golgi complex,
they are a digestive enzyme that breaks down proteins, lipids,
carbs, and nucleic acids
