DVT Exam Questions With All Correct Detailed Answers 2025 Marking Scheme

DVT Exam Questions With All Correct Detailed Answers 2025 Marking Scheme common path way for intrinsic and extrinsic clotting - Answer- factor Xa which path way is factor VII? - Answer- extrinsic which other is factor XII? - Answer- intrinsic fondaparinux inhibits - Answer- Xa definition of DVT - Answer- clot that occurs in the deep vein of leg or though. can break off as an embolus and make its way to lung 95% of pulmonary embolism occur from - Answer- a DVT protein C inactivates - Answer- Va VIIIa activation of protein C increases fibrinolysis Patients with deficiency of Protein C and S - Answer- Increased risk of warfarin ADRs Recurrent Thromboembolic events What do tissue factor bearing cells activate - Answer- Factor IX to Xa Phases of coagulation - Answer- Initiation Amplification Propagation What does thrombin do in the amplification phase? - Answer- Increases factors 5,10,8, VWF Activation phase - Answer- Prothrombin activation increases platelet aggregation What phases does warfarin work on? - Answer- Initiation - factor 7 Propagation - 9,10, prothrombin What phases do factor Xa inhibitors work on? - Answer- Propagation Arterial vs Venous clots - Answer- Arterial -White thrombi -Mostly platelets -Form in areas of rapid flow -Usually at sites of vascular injury Venous -Red thrombi -Mostly fibrin and RBC -Form in low flow -Usually secondary to stasis but also vascular injury Virchows triad - Answer- Venous Stasis Hypercoagulability Vascular damage Risk factors for venous stasis - Answer- Bed rest/immobility Venous obstruction Tumor, obesity, pregnancy HF Risk factors for Hypercoagulability - Answer- Factor V leidin (variation resistant to deactivation, caucasians) Protein C/S, ATIII deficiency Antiphospholipid antivodies Estrogen therapy Malignancy, pregnancy Inflammatory diseases Signs and symptoms of Deep Vein Thrombosis - Answer- Unilateral swelling of extremity Discoloration Pain Pain on dorsi flexion of calf (HOMANS SIGN) Palpable cord, can feel clot Signs and symptoms of pulmonary embolus - Answer- Pleuritic chest pain SOB Hemopytsis (coughing up blood) Tachycardia Tachynpea Rales Decreased O2 Anxiety Feeling of impeding doom Class Diagnostic tests - Answer- D-Dimer Dopper ultrasonography CT angiograpy Thrombogenic hemostatic factors - Answer- Damaged vessel walls PAI-1 Tissue factor Slow or turbulent flow Anticoagulant hemostatic factors - Answer- T-PA, heparin Protein C/S Plasminogen Rapid or laminar flow Direct thrombin inhibitors - Answer- Bivaliruden Argatroban Dabigatran (GI bleeding)