WEEK 6 - VENOUS TESTING – DVT
EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
What is DVT? - Correct Answers -Deep Vein Thrombosis
Where does DVT occur? - Correct Answers -A blood clot that forms in a deep vein
within the body
What is the most common reason for the clinical evaluation of the extremity vein? -
Correct Answers -Suspected DVT
Up to _______ of patients with LE DVT are asymptotic, but this is very variable,
depending on the specific reported series, the patient population, and the techniques
used to identify or screen for DVT. - Correct Answers -2/3
DVT usually originates in the ______________. It usually begins around the
______________ of venous valves. - Correct Answers -calves; leaflets
What tests are used to detect DVT? - Correct Answers -- look, feel, interview patient
- D-dimer test
- Serial Compression Ultrasound (CUS)
- CT (if impossible to perform CUS)
- MRI
- Venogram
What is the gold standard for judging diagnostic imaging for DVT? - Correct Answers -
contrast venography
Conventional catheter diagnostic venography is limited to specific scenarios: - Correct
Answers -- prior placement of IVC filters
- evaluation of central DVT in the proximal arms and thorax
- prelude to interventions, such as thrombolysis, thrombectomy, and stent placement
- in obese patients or patients with a markedly swollen leg
- when other modalities don't or can't solve a specific problem
_________ __________________ ___________________ is the noninvasive imaging
examination of choice for suspected PE. - Correct Answers -CT pulmonary angiography
, MRV (Magnetic Resonance Venography) has ___________ accuracy compared with
conventional venography for the pelvic and thigh veins, but is _________ accurate for
the calves. - Correct Answers -high; less
Virchow's triad: - Correct Answers -- venous stasis
- endothelial damage
- hypercoagulability
Define thrombogenesis. - Correct Answers -The formation of a thrombus
What are the clinical conditions that influence venous thrombosis? - Correct Answers --
inherited prothombotic
- antithrombin III deficiency
- pregnancy and the postpartum period
- oral contraceptives and hormone replacement therapy
- antiphospholipid antibody syndrome
- protein C and protein S are vitamin-K dependent
- factor V Leiden
Inherited prothombotic: - Correct Answers -- describes any agent or condition that leads
to thrombosis.
- states have increased in frequency over the past 20 years
- considered nonreversible
- patient keeps their increased risk for developing venous thrombotic disease
throughout life
Antithrombin III deficiency: - Correct Answers -- the first reported congenital thrombotic
condition
- transmitted in an autosomal dominant
- prevalence of 1:5000
- precipitating circumstances include: trauma, pregnancy, and surgical procedures
Pregnancy and the postpartum period: - Correct Answers -- increases the risk of VTE
(venous thromboembolism) 4 to 5 when compared to the non-pregnant state
- can occur during any trimester
- most common in first half
- PE is leading cause of maternal death after childbirth
- prevalence is 1:1600
- PE is 7th leading cause of maternal mortality (9%) of maternal deaths
Oral contraceptives and hormone replacement therapy: - Correct Answers -- can
increase risk for DVT in pre-/post-menopausal women
- prevalence is 1 to 3: 10000
- COCs not free of risks, increase risk of VTE by 3-5X (2nd gen) or 6-8X (3rd gen)
How many generations are there of COCs currently? - Correct Answers -Four
EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
What is DVT? - Correct Answers -Deep Vein Thrombosis
Where does DVT occur? - Correct Answers -A blood clot that forms in a deep vein
within the body
What is the most common reason for the clinical evaluation of the extremity vein? -
Correct Answers -Suspected DVT
Up to _______ of patients with LE DVT are asymptotic, but this is very variable,
depending on the specific reported series, the patient population, and the techniques
used to identify or screen for DVT. - Correct Answers -2/3
DVT usually originates in the ______________. It usually begins around the
______________ of venous valves. - Correct Answers -calves; leaflets
What tests are used to detect DVT? - Correct Answers -- look, feel, interview patient
- D-dimer test
- Serial Compression Ultrasound (CUS)
- CT (if impossible to perform CUS)
- MRI
- Venogram
What is the gold standard for judging diagnostic imaging for DVT? - Correct Answers -
contrast venography
Conventional catheter diagnostic venography is limited to specific scenarios: - Correct
Answers -- prior placement of IVC filters
- evaluation of central DVT in the proximal arms and thorax
- prelude to interventions, such as thrombolysis, thrombectomy, and stent placement
- in obese patients or patients with a markedly swollen leg
- when other modalities don't or can't solve a specific problem
_________ __________________ ___________________ is the noninvasive imaging
examination of choice for suspected PE. - Correct Answers -CT pulmonary angiography
, MRV (Magnetic Resonance Venography) has ___________ accuracy compared with
conventional venography for the pelvic and thigh veins, but is _________ accurate for
the calves. - Correct Answers -high; less
Virchow's triad: - Correct Answers -- venous stasis
- endothelial damage
- hypercoagulability
Define thrombogenesis. - Correct Answers -The formation of a thrombus
What are the clinical conditions that influence venous thrombosis? - Correct Answers --
inherited prothombotic
- antithrombin III deficiency
- pregnancy and the postpartum period
- oral contraceptives and hormone replacement therapy
- antiphospholipid antibody syndrome
- protein C and protein S are vitamin-K dependent
- factor V Leiden
Inherited prothombotic: - Correct Answers -- describes any agent or condition that leads
to thrombosis.
- states have increased in frequency over the past 20 years
- considered nonreversible
- patient keeps their increased risk for developing venous thrombotic disease
throughout life
Antithrombin III deficiency: - Correct Answers -- the first reported congenital thrombotic
condition
- transmitted in an autosomal dominant
- prevalence of 1:5000
- precipitating circumstances include: trauma, pregnancy, and surgical procedures
Pregnancy and the postpartum period: - Correct Answers -- increases the risk of VTE
(venous thromboembolism) 4 to 5 when compared to the non-pregnant state
- can occur during any trimester
- most common in first half
- PE is leading cause of maternal death after childbirth
- prevalence is 1:1600
- PE is 7th leading cause of maternal mortality (9%) of maternal deaths
Oral contraceptives and hormone replacement therapy: - Correct Answers -- can
increase risk for DVT in pre-/post-menopausal women
- prevalence is 1 to 3: 10000
- COCs not free of risks, increase risk of VTE by 3-5X (2nd gen) or 6-8X (3rd gen)
How many generations are there of COCs currently? - Correct Answers -Four
