Certified Emergency Nurse (CEN) Exam Questions and Answers – Comprehensive Study and Review Material

CEN EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS


MeanyArterialyPressurey-
yansweraverageypressureyoveryentireycardiacycycle,ybetteryindicatoryofyperfusionycomparedytoyBP,ymaintainya
bovey60ymmyHg

(SBP+y[DBPx2])/3

Pediatricybolusy-yanswer10yml/kg

narrowingypulseypressurey-yanswerlowysystemicypressure,yr/tybloodyloss,ydecreasedystrokeyvolume

wideningypulseypressurey-
yanswerhighysystemicypulseypressure,ymayybeytransientyandynormalyafteryexercise,ycausedybyychronicy(arteri
alydisease)yandyacuteyconditionsy(aorticyaneurysm)

Cushing'syTriady-yanswerindicativeyofyincreasedyICP,

1. wideningypulseypressurey(oryHTN)

2. Bradycardia

3. decreasedyrespirations

Chronotropesy-

yanswerdrugsythatyaffectytheyHR,yatySAynodeyalteryheartyrate;


yadrenaliney(positive),ydigoxiny(negative)


Dromotropesy-

yanswerDrugsywhichyaffectyautomacityy(HR)yatyAVynodeyInotropesy-


yanswerMedicationythatyaffectycontractility


Frank-StarlingyLawy-

yanswerIncreasedyEndyDiastolicyVolumeywillyincreaseytheystrokeyvolumeyCocainey+yBeta-


blockersy-yanswerresultsyinyvasoconstrictionyandysignificantyHTN

Wolff-Parkinson-Whitey-
yanswerIncreasedyHRyr/tyextraypathwayybetweenyatriayandyventricles,ypresenceyofyDeltaywave


Firstydegreeyheartyblocky-yanswerprolongedyP-Ryinterval,ylowy degreeyheartyblock

SecondydegreeyTypeyIyheartyblocky-yanswergradualyprolongingyofyP-
Ryinterval,yeventuallyydropsyQRSycomplex,ylowylevelyheartyblock,yWenckebach

SecondydegreeyTypeyIIyheartyblocky-yanswerCONSISTENTyP-
RyintervalyfollowedybyyQRSycomplex,yconsistentydroppedyQRS,yhighydegreeyheartyblock,yMobitz

Thirdydegreeyheartyblocky-
yanswernoycoordinationybetweenyatriayandyventricles,ypywaveymayybeyhiddenyinyQRS,yhighydegreeyheartyblo
ck,ycompleteyheartyblock

Heartyblockyinterventionsy-
yanswerAtropineyforyLOWyDegreeyheartyblocks,ypacingyforyHIGHydegreeyheartyblocks


Pericarditisy-

,yanswerinflammationyofytheypericardialysac,ysuddenyonsetyofychestypain,yCPyrelievedybyyleaningyforwardyory
sittingyup,yCPyincreasesywithyinspiration,yactivity,yorysupineyposition

Beck'syTriady-yanswerClinicalyManifestationsyofypericardialytamponade:ythey3yD's

1. Distanty(muffled)yheartysounds

, 2. Distendedyjugularyveins

3. DecreasedyBP

KussmaulySigny-yanswerElevationyofyneckyveinsywithyinspiration

PericardialyTamponadeyprecautionsy-
yansweruseycaution,yintubationywillydecreaseyvenousyreturnytoyrightysideyofyheartydueytoyendotrachealytube,y
positiveyPEEPypressureywillyalsoyexacerbateytamponade

Peripheralyarterialydiseaseyinterventionsy-

yanswerincreaseyHOBybutynotyextremity,yincreaseyactivityyPeripheralyvenousydiseasey-


yanswerelevateyextremity,ybedyrest


AcuteyBronchitisy-
yanswerviralyinfectionyofyupperyairways,ycoughylastingymoreythany5ydays,yincreasedycoughywithydeepyinspira
tion,ydryycoughyprogressesytoyproductiveycough,yselfylimitingyillness

Bronchiolitisy-
yanswerviralyinfectionyinychildrenylessythany2yyearsyoldyusually,yproducesyCOPIOUSySECRETIONS,yprimaryyi
nterventionyisytoySUCTIONynares

ChronicyBronchitisy-
yanswertypeyofyCOPD,ycoughyandysputumyproductionyforyatyleasty3ymonthsyfory2yconsecutiveyyears,y"BlueyBl
oater,"yperipheralyedema,yenlargedyheart,ycyanosis,ystocky,ypolycythemia

Emphysemay-
yanswertypeyofyCOPD,ydestructionyofyalveoli,y"pinkypuffer,"ydoesynotyusuallyyhaveyaycough,ythin,ytachypnic,y
barrelychest,ypursedylipybreathing,ylungyoveryinflationyonyCXR

COPDydischargeyinstructionsy-
yanswerencourageyimmunizations,ysmallyfrequentymealsytoyincreaseychestyexcursion,yadequateyhydrationytoy
keepysecretionsythin

asthmaydischargeyinstructionsy-
yanswerpretreatypriorytoyexercise/
yactivity,yencaseypillowsyandymattressesyinyvinyl,ywashybeddingywithyhotywateryonceyperyweek,yuseyspaceryw
ithyMDI

NoninvasiveyPositiveyPressureyVentilationy-
yanswerdecreasesyvenousyreturnytoyheart,yCPAPyoryBiPAP,ymustybeyableytoymanageysecretions


Kehr'sysigny-yanswerpainyreferredytoytheyleftyshoulderyr/tyrupturedydiaphragmyoryspleenyinjury

chestydrainageysystemy -yanswerinitialyoutputyofy1500ymlyofybloodyisynotygood,y200yml/hryisytooymuch

MalloryyWeissysyndromey-
yanswertearyofymucousymembraneywhereyesophagusymeetsystomach,ycausedybyyviolentyretchingyandyvomiti
ng,ycouldybeycauseyofyupperyGIybleed

Duodenalyulcery-

yanswerpainyonyemptyystomach,yrelievedywithyeatingyandyantacids,yhealsyspontaneouslyygastricyulcery-


yanswerpainyafteryeating,yassociatedywithywtyloss,ychronic


Pyloricystenosisy-
yanswerpreventsystomachyfromyemptying,yprojectileyvomitingyafteryfeedings,yseemsyhungryyafteryfeeding,ypal
pableyRUQymass,yusuallyy2-5yweeksyold,ytxywithyNPO,yIVF's,yNGT,ysurgery