C955 Applied Probability andProbability
C955 Applied statisticsand statistics
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_dsgwgf
1. Pie chart numerical measure: per-
centages best used When
displaying categories as
parts of the whole
2. Bar chart (bar graph) Category counts or fre-
quencies best used when
displaying counts or fre-
quencies for each catego-
ry individually
3. Dot Plot 5-number summary (max,
Q1, median, Q3, max)
Smaller data set; useful
to display the distribution
and
show gaps and outliers
(quantitative)
4. Stem Plot (stem-and-leaf plot) 5-number summary (max,
Q1, median, Q3, max)
Smaller data sets; useful to
display distributions and
potential outliers; has the
advantage that it keeps
data
values displayed. (quanti-
tative)
5. Box Plot 5-number summary
(max,
Q1, median, Q3, max)
2025/2026
, C955 Applied Probability andProbability
C955 Applied statisticsand statistics
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_dsgwgf
Larger data sets; shows
the
5-number summary,
shows spread; ignores in-
dividual
data values and the num-
ber of values (allowing to
compare sets of different
sizes)
6. Histogram Based on the shape of
the
distribution, uses mean +
standard deviation OR
median + IQR to describe
center and spread
Larger data sets; shows
shapes of distribution
and
potential outliers; ignores
the individual data values
7. slope-intercept form y = mx + b, where m is
slope of the line and b is
the y-intercept.
8. Standard Deviation Rule: (68-95-99.7 Rule)
68% of the data is within
1 standard deviation of the
mean.
95% of the data is within 2
standard deviations of the
2025/2026
, C955 Applied Probability andProbability
C955 Applied statisticsand statistics
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_dsgwgf
mean.
99.7% of the data is with-
in 3 standard deviations of
the mean
9. positive correlation scatterplot reveals an "up-
hill trend." As the explana-
tory variable increases, the
response variable increas-
es.
10. Negative Correlation scatterplot reveals a
"downhill trend." As the
explanatory variable in-
creases, the response
variable decreases.
11. No Correlation scatterplot reveals no
trend between the vari-
ables
12. Correlation Coefficient (r) measures the direction
and strength of the linear
relationship between the
variables.
The closer r is to +1, the
stronger the positive cor-
relation.
The closer r is to -1, the
stronger the negative cor-
relation.
The closer r is to 0, the
weaker the correlation.
2025/2026
C955 Applied statisticsand statistics
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_dsgwgf
1. Pie chart numerical measure: per-
centages best used When
displaying categories as
parts of the whole
2. Bar chart (bar graph) Category counts or fre-
quencies best used when
displaying counts or fre-
quencies for each catego-
ry individually
3. Dot Plot 5-number summary (max,
Q1, median, Q3, max)
Smaller data set; useful
to display the distribution
and
show gaps and outliers
(quantitative)
4. Stem Plot (stem-and-leaf plot) 5-number summary (max,
Q1, median, Q3, max)
Smaller data sets; useful to
display distributions and
potential outliers; has the
advantage that it keeps
data
values displayed. (quanti-
tative)
5. Box Plot 5-number summary
(max,
Q1, median, Q3, max)
2025/2026
, C955 Applied Probability andProbability
C955 Applied statisticsand statistics
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_dsgwgf
Larger data sets; shows
the
5-number summary,
shows spread; ignores in-
dividual
data values and the num-
ber of values (allowing to
compare sets of different
sizes)
6. Histogram Based on the shape of
the
distribution, uses mean +
standard deviation OR
median + IQR to describe
center and spread
Larger data sets; shows
shapes of distribution
and
potential outliers; ignores
the individual data values
7. slope-intercept form y = mx + b, where m is
slope of the line and b is
the y-intercept.
8. Standard Deviation Rule: (68-95-99.7 Rule)
68% of the data is within
1 standard deviation of the
mean.
95% of the data is within 2
standard deviations of the
2025/2026
, C955 Applied Probability andProbability
C955 Applied statisticsand statistics
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_dsgwgf
mean.
99.7% of the data is with-
in 3 standard deviations of
the mean
9. positive correlation scatterplot reveals an "up-
hill trend." As the explana-
tory variable increases, the
response variable increas-
es.
10. Negative Correlation scatterplot reveals a
"downhill trend." As the
explanatory variable in-
creases, the response
variable decreases.
11. No Correlation scatterplot reveals no
trend between the vari-
ables
12. Correlation Coefficient (r) measures the direction
and strength of the linear
relationship between the
variables.
The closer r is to +1, the
stronger the positive cor-
relation.
The closer r is to -1, the
stronger the negative cor-
relation.
The closer r is to 0, the
weaker the correlation.
2025/2026
