Burns' Pediatric Primary Care 8th Edition Test Bank | 20
MCQs per Chapter
Pediatric Primary Care Test Bank & NCLEX-HESI
Review | Burns' 8th Edition
Question 1:
A 2-week-old term infant presents for a routine primary care
visit. The family asks the nurse practitioner about the difference
between “primary care” and “primary prevention.” Which
response best describes primary prevention in pediatric primary
care?
A. Managing acute otitis media with antibiotics to prevent
complications.
B. Providing routine immunizations to reduce the incidence of
vaccine-preventable diseases.
C. Arranging specialty referral for a congenital heart defect.
D. Treating iron-deficiency anemia with oral iron supplements.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Primary prevention aims to prevent disease before it
occurs; immunizations are classic primary prevention reducing
disease incidence. A (treating acute otitis media) is secondary
(treatment to prevent complications) or tertiary if preventing
long-term sequelae. C (specialty referral for congenital heart
defect) is care coordination/tertiary management of an existing
,condition. D (treating iron-deficiency) is secondary/tertiary care
addressing an existing disease to prevent complications.
Question 2:
A 9-year-old with well-controlled asthma has not had a primary
care visit in 18 months. The family reports missed appointments
due to transportation and work schedule conflicts. Which
primary care approach is most appropriate to improve care
access for this child?
A. Inform the family that appointments are only during
standard clinic hours.
B. Provide a one-time supply of medications and ask them to
return when convenient.
C. Offer flexible scheduling (evening/weekend) and coordinate
with local school for care reminders.
D. Recommend urgent care for routine follow-up visits.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Primary care should accommodate access barriers
via flexible scheduling and coordination with
schools/community resources to improve continuity and
preventive care. A is non-responsive and reduces access. B is
insufficient — medication supply without follow-up risks gaps in
monitoring. D is inappropriate for routine follow-up; urgent care
fragments care and limits chronic disease management.
,Question 3:
An NP is caring for a 16-year-old preparing to transition to adult
care who uses insulin pumps for type 1 diabetes. Which
intervention best supports a successful transition?
A. Telling the adolescent to make an adult care appointment
once they turn 18 with no additional support.
B. Developing a written, individualized transition plan that
includes skills assessment, self-management goals, and an
overlap visit with an adult provider.
C. Scheduling only telehealth visits after age 17 to familiarize
them with adult care modalities.
D. Transferring all medical records to the adult clinic without
discussing changes with the adolescent.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Best practice for transition includes an individualized
written plan, assessment of self-management skills, goal-
setting, and planned coordination/overlap with adult providers
to ensure continuity. A and D are passive transfers that often
lead to care gaps. C may be supportive in some contexts but is
insufficient alone and may not address skills, goals, and
coordination.
Question 4:
During a well-child visit a parent mentions the 4-year-old
scraped her knee during play and this is the third time the child
has had a similar accident in one month. The parent appears
, anxious and mentions recent financial stress at home. Which
step best reflects the two-generation (dual-patient) approach?
A. Focusing solely on the child’s physical exam and documenting
the minor injury.
B. Referring the parent to family social services and screening
the parent for stress and depression while addressing the child’s
injury.
C. Asking the child to avoid play and informing the parent that
injuries are normal.
D. Scheduling the child for pediatric surgery consultation for
potential bleeding disorder.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Two-generation approach treats the child and
family/caregiver as linked; screening and addressing caregiver
stress (mental health, resources) while treating the child is
appropriate. A neglects caregiver circumstances that affect the
child’s health. C is dismissive and unhelpful. D is unnecessary
based solely on minor injuries; evaluation for bleeding disorder
should be based on history/exam, not immediate surgical
referral.
Question 5:
A 14-year-old with a history of behavioral problems reveals
during private screening that they were physically harmed by an
adult in the home. As the pediatric primary care NP, what is the
most appropriate immediate action?
MCQs per Chapter
Pediatric Primary Care Test Bank & NCLEX-HESI
Review | Burns' 8th Edition
Question 1:
A 2-week-old term infant presents for a routine primary care
visit. The family asks the nurse practitioner about the difference
between “primary care” and “primary prevention.” Which
response best describes primary prevention in pediatric primary
care?
A. Managing acute otitis media with antibiotics to prevent
complications.
B. Providing routine immunizations to reduce the incidence of
vaccine-preventable diseases.
C. Arranging specialty referral for a congenital heart defect.
D. Treating iron-deficiency anemia with oral iron supplements.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Primary prevention aims to prevent disease before it
occurs; immunizations are classic primary prevention reducing
disease incidence. A (treating acute otitis media) is secondary
(treatment to prevent complications) or tertiary if preventing
long-term sequelae. C (specialty referral for congenital heart
defect) is care coordination/tertiary management of an existing
,condition. D (treating iron-deficiency) is secondary/tertiary care
addressing an existing disease to prevent complications.
Question 2:
A 9-year-old with well-controlled asthma has not had a primary
care visit in 18 months. The family reports missed appointments
due to transportation and work schedule conflicts. Which
primary care approach is most appropriate to improve care
access for this child?
A. Inform the family that appointments are only during
standard clinic hours.
B. Provide a one-time supply of medications and ask them to
return when convenient.
C. Offer flexible scheduling (evening/weekend) and coordinate
with local school for care reminders.
D. Recommend urgent care for routine follow-up visits.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Primary care should accommodate access barriers
via flexible scheduling and coordination with
schools/community resources to improve continuity and
preventive care. A is non-responsive and reduces access. B is
insufficient — medication supply without follow-up risks gaps in
monitoring. D is inappropriate for routine follow-up; urgent care
fragments care and limits chronic disease management.
,Question 3:
An NP is caring for a 16-year-old preparing to transition to adult
care who uses insulin pumps for type 1 diabetes. Which
intervention best supports a successful transition?
A. Telling the adolescent to make an adult care appointment
once they turn 18 with no additional support.
B. Developing a written, individualized transition plan that
includes skills assessment, self-management goals, and an
overlap visit with an adult provider.
C. Scheduling only telehealth visits after age 17 to familiarize
them with adult care modalities.
D. Transferring all medical records to the adult clinic without
discussing changes with the adolescent.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Best practice for transition includes an individualized
written plan, assessment of self-management skills, goal-
setting, and planned coordination/overlap with adult providers
to ensure continuity. A and D are passive transfers that often
lead to care gaps. C may be supportive in some contexts but is
insufficient alone and may not address skills, goals, and
coordination.
Question 4:
During a well-child visit a parent mentions the 4-year-old
scraped her knee during play and this is the third time the child
has had a similar accident in one month. The parent appears
, anxious and mentions recent financial stress at home. Which
step best reflects the two-generation (dual-patient) approach?
A. Focusing solely on the child’s physical exam and documenting
the minor injury.
B. Referring the parent to family social services and screening
the parent for stress and depression while addressing the child’s
injury.
C. Asking the child to avoid play and informing the parent that
injuries are normal.
D. Scheduling the child for pediatric surgery consultation for
potential bleeding disorder.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Two-generation approach treats the child and
family/caregiver as linked; screening and addressing caregiver
stress (mental health, resources) while treating the child is
appropriate. A neglects caregiver circumstances that affect the
child’s health. C is dismissive and unhelpful. D is unnecessary
based solely on minor injuries; evaluation for bleeding disorder
should be based on history/exam, not immediate surgical
referral.
Question 5:
A 14-year-old with a history of behavioral problems reveals
during private screening that they were physically harmed by an
adult in the home. As the pediatric primary care NP, what is the
most appropriate immediate action?
