N151 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
100% CORRECT
Ischemic Stroke - ANSWER A type of stroke that occurs when the blood supply to a part
of the brain is suddenly interrupted by a thrombus(Blood Clot), and embolus(Foreign
matter in circulation), or a stenosis(narrowing).
Most common type of stroke
Hemorrhagic stroke - ANSWER A type of stroke which occurs when a blood vessel
breaks open and spill blood into spaces surrounding neurons.
TIA - ANSWER transient ischemic attack (mini stroke)
Local Cerebral Ischemia that causes neurological deficits lasts from a few minutes to 24
hours. Usually resolves between 30-60 mins
Often warning signs of ischemic thrombotic stroke
Stroke Risk Factors - ANSWER -Hypertension
-Heart Disease
-Diabetes Mellitus
-Sleep Apnea
-Blood Cholesterol Levels
-Smoking
-Sickle Cell Disease
-Substance Abuse
-Living in the "stroke belt"(South East US)
-Ethnicity (African-American)
,Stroke S&S - ANSWER -Usually One Sided
-Weakness of face, arm, and sometimes leg
-Numbness on one side
-Loss of vision
-Speech Difficulties
-Sudden Severe Headache
-Difficulties with balance
Women with a stroke sometimes have non traditional manifestations
-Disorientation
-Confusion
-Loss of Consciousness
Stroke Complications - ANSWER -Sensory Perceptual Deficits
-Cognitive and behavioral changes
-Motor Deficits
-Elimination Disorders
-Dysrhythmia
TIA Symptoms - ANSWER -Blurred Vision
-Double Vision
-Blindness in one eye
-Aphasia
-Slurred Speech
-Weakness
-Gait Disturbance
,-Numbness
-Vertigo
thrombotic stroke - ANSWER Due to atherosclerosis of blood vessels . Clots form from
plaque rupture and interrupt blood flow.
Accounts for more then half of all strokes
embolic stroke - ANSWER Blood Clot already circulating in blood lodges in a narrow
passage and blocks blood flow.
Usually the source is the heart
Occurs suddenly
F.A.S.T - ANSWER F-Facial Droop
A-Arm Weakness
S-Slurred Speech
T-Time
Stroke Diagnostic Tests - ANSWER -NIHSS Scale
-CT Scan
-Cerebral Arteriography
-Transcranial Doppler Ultrasound
-MRI
-Magnetic Resonance Angiography
-Positron Emission Tomography
-Single Photon Emission CT
, -Diffusion Weighted Imaging
CT Scan Stroke - ANSWER First imaging technique used to demonstrate hemorrhage,
tumor, aneurysm, ischemia, edema, and tissue necrosis. Used to Distinguish between
the types of strokes.
-Cerebral infractions are usually visible within 6-8 hours, post stroke
-Hemorrhagic Strokes are immediately visible
MRI in stroke - ANSWER May show edema, ischemia, and tissue necrosis earlier then a
ct
Done with angiography may reveal abnormal vessel structures
Ischemic Stroke Medications - ANSWER -tPA
-Anticoagulants(Heparin, LMWH, Coumadin, Lovenox)
Hemorrhagic stroke medications - ANSWER -Antihypertensives
-Diuretics
-Nimodopine for spasms
-Antiseizure medications
TIA meidcations - ANSWER -Anticoagulants
-Statins
tPA - ANSWER tissue plasminogen activator
100% CORRECT
Ischemic Stroke - ANSWER A type of stroke that occurs when the blood supply to a part
of the brain is suddenly interrupted by a thrombus(Blood Clot), and embolus(Foreign
matter in circulation), or a stenosis(narrowing).
Most common type of stroke
Hemorrhagic stroke - ANSWER A type of stroke which occurs when a blood vessel
breaks open and spill blood into spaces surrounding neurons.
TIA - ANSWER transient ischemic attack (mini stroke)
Local Cerebral Ischemia that causes neurological deficits lasts from a few minutes to 24
hours. Usually resolves between 30-60 mins
Often warning signs of ischemic thrombotic stroke
Stroke Risk Factors - ANSWER -Hypertension
-Heart Disease
-Diabetes Mellitus
-Sleep Apnea
-Blood Cholesterol Levels
-Smoking
-Sickle Cell Disease
-Substance Abuse
-Living in the "stroke belt"(South East US)
-Ethnicity (African-American)
,Stroke S&S - ANSWER -Usually One Sided
-Weakness of face, arm, and sometimes leg
-Numbness on one side
-Loss of vision
-Speech Difficulties
-Sudden Severe Headache
-Difficulties with balance
Women with a stroke sometimes have non traditional manifestations
-Disorientation
-Confusion
-Loss of Consciousness
Stroke Complications - ANSWER -Sensory Perceptual Deficits
-Cognitive and behavioral changes
-Motor Deficits
-Elimination Disorders
-Dysrhythmia
TIA Symptoms - ANSWER -Blurred Vision
-Double Vision
-Blindness in one eye
-Aphasia
-Slurred Speech
-Weakness
-Gait Disturbance
,-Numbness
-Vertigo
thrombotic stroke - ANSWER Due to atherosclerosis of blood vessels . Clots form from
plaque rupture and interrupt blood flow.
Accounts for more then half of all strokes
embolic stroke - ANSWER Blood Clot already circulating in blood lodges in a narrow
passage and blocks blood flow.
Usually the source is the heart
Occurs suddenly
F.A.S.T - ANSWER F-Facial Droop
A-Arm Weakness
S-Slurred Speech
T-Time
Stroke Diagnostic Tests - ANSWER -NIHSS Scale
-CT Scan
-Cerebral Arteriography
-Transcranial Doppler Ultrasound
-MRI
-Magnetic Resonance Angiography
-Positron Emission Tomography
-Single Photon Emission CT
, -Diffusion Weighted Imaging
CT Scan Stroke - ANSWER First imaging technique used to demonstrate hemorrhage,
tumor, aneurysm, ischemia, edema, and tissue necrosis. Used to Distinguish between
the types of strokes.
-Cerebral infractions are usually visible within 6-8 hours, post stroke
-Hemorrhagic Strokes are immediately visible
MRI in stroke - ANSWER May show edema, ischemia, and tissue necrosis earlier then a
ct
Done with angiography may reveal abnormal vessel structures
Ischemic Stroke Medications - ANSWER -tPA
-Anticoagulants(Heparin, LMWH, Coumadin, Lovenox)
Hemorrhagic stroke medications - ANSWER -Antihypertensives
-Diuretics
-Nimodopine for spasms
-Antiseizure medications
TIA meidcations - ANSWER -Anticoagulants
-Statins
tPA - ANSWER tissue plasminogen activator
