Test Bank For Pathophysiology 9th Edition McCance The Biologic Basis for Dieasease in Adults and Children By Julia Rogers

Test Bank For Pathophysiology 9th Edition McCance The Biologic Ba
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2


sis for Disease in Adults and Children By Julia Rogers
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2




TEST BANK
2

,Chapter201:2Cellular2Biology
McCance/Huether:2Pathophysiology:2The2Biologic2Basis2of2Disease2in2Adults2and2Children,29th2Edition


MULTIPLE2CHOICE

1. Which2statement2best2describes2the2cellular2function2of2metabolic2absorption?
a. Cells2can2produce2proteins.
b. Cells2can2secrete2digestive2enzymes.
c. Cells2can2take2in2and2use2nutrients.
d. Cells2can2synthesize2fats.
ANS:2 C
In2metabolic2absorption,2all2cells2take2in2and2use2nutrients2and2other2substances2from2their2sur
roundings.2The2remaining2options2are2not2inclusive2in2their2descriptions2of2cellular2metaboli
c2absorption.

PTS:2 2 1 DIF:2 Cognitive2Level:2Remembering

2. Where2is2most2of2a2cell’s2genetic2information,2including2RNA2and2DNA,2contained?
a. Mitochondria
b. Ribosome
c. Nucleolus
d. Lysosome

ANS:2 C
The2nucleus2contains2the2nucleolus,2a2small2dense2structure2composed2largely2of2RNA,2mo
st2of2the2cellular2DNA,2and2the2DNA-
binding2proteins,2such2as2the2histones,2which2regulate2its2activity.2The2mitochondria2are2res
ponsible2for2cellular2respiration2and2energy2production.
Ribosomes’2chief2function2is2to2provide2sites2for2cellular2protein2synthesis.2Lysosome
s2function2as2the2intracellular2digestive2system.

PTS:2 2 1 DIF:2 Cognitive2Level:2Remembering

3. Which2component2of2the2cell2produces2hydrogen2peroxide2(H2O2)2by2using2oxygen2to2remov
e2hydrogen2atoms2from2specific2substrates2in2an2oxidative2reaction?
a. Lysosomes
b. Peroxisomes
c. Ribosomes
d. Endosome
ANS:2 B

Peroxisomes2are2so2named2because2they2usually2contain2enzymes2that2use2oxygen2to2remov
e2hydrogen2atoms2from2specific2substrates2in2an2oxidative2reaction2that2produces2H2O2,2whic
h2is2a2powerful2oxidant2and2potentially2destructive2if2it2accumulates2or2escapes2from2peroxis
omes.2Ribosomes2are2RNA-
protein2complexes2(nucleoproteins)2that2are2synthesized2in2the2nucleolus2and2secreted2into2th
e2cytoplasm2through2pores2in2the2nuclear2envelope2called2nuclear2pore2complexes.2Lysosom
es2are2saclike2structures2that2originate2from2the2Golgi2complex2and2contain2more2than2402di
gestive2enzymes2called2hydrolases,2which2catalyze2bonds2in2proteins,2lipids,2nucleic2acids,2a
nd2carbohydrates.2An2endosome2is2a2vesical2that2has2been2pinched2off2from2the2cellular2me
mbrane.

PTS:2 2 1 DIF:2 Cognitive2Level:2Remembering

4. Which2cell2component2is2capable2of2cellular2autodigestion2when2it2is2released2during2ce
ll2injury?

, a. Ribosome
b. Golgi2complex
c. Smooth2endoplasmic2reticulum
d. Lysosomes
ANS:2 D
The2lysosomal2membrane2acts2as2a2protective2shield2between2the2powerful2digestive2enzyme
s2within2the2lysosome2and2the2cytoplasm,2preventing2their2leakage2into2the2cytoplasmic2matr
ix.2Disruption2of2the2membrane2by2various2treatments2or2cellular2injury2leads2to2a2release2o
f2the2lysosomal2enzymes,2which2can2then2react2with2their2specific2substrates,2causing2cellul
ar
self-
digestion.2The2chief2function2of2a2ribosome2is2to2provide2sites2for2cellular2protein2synthesis.2
The2Golgi2complex2is2a2network2of2flattened,2smooth2vesicles2and2membranes2often2located2n
ear2the2cell2nucleus.2The2smooth2endoplasmic2reticulum2is2involved2in2steroid2hormone2pro
duction2and2removing2toxic2substances2from2the2cell.

PTS:2 2 1 DIF:2 Cognitive2Level:2Remembering

5. Which2cAMP-mediated2response2is2related2to2antidiuretic2hormone?
a. Increased2heart2rate2and2force2of2contraction
b. Secretion2of2cortisol
c. Increased2retention2of2water
d. Breakdown2of2fat
ANS:2 C
Antidiuretic2hormone2leads2to2increased2retention2of2water2in2the2body.2Epinephrine2cause
s2increases2in2heart2rate2and2force2of2contraction.2Increased2cortisol2secretion2is2due2to2AC
TH.2Breakdown2of2fat2is2due2to2glucagon.

PTS:2 2 1 DIF:2 Cognitive2Level:2Remembering

6. During2which2phase2of2the2cell2cycle2is2DNA2synthesized?
a. G1
b. S
c. G2
d. M
ANS:2 B


The2four2designated2phases2of2the2cell2cycle2are:2(1)2the2G12phase2(G2=2gap),2which2is2the2p
eriod2between2the2M2phase2(M2=2mitosis)2and2the2start2of2DNA2synthesis;2(2)2the2S2phase2(S
=2synthesis),2during2which2DNA2is2synthesized2in2the2cell2nucleus;2(3)2the2G22 phase,2during2
which2RNA2and2protein2synthesis2occurs,2the2period2between2the2completion2of2DNA2synth
esis2and2the2next2phase2(M);2and2(4)2the2M2phase,2which2includes2nuclear2and2cytoplasmic2
division.

PTS:2 2 1 DIF: Cognitive2Level:2Remembering

7. What2organic2compound2facilitates2transportation2across2cell2membranes2by2acting2a
s2receptors,2transport2channels2for2electrolytes,2and2enzymes2to2drive2active2pumps
?
a. Lipids
b. Proteases
c. Proteins
d. Carbohydrates
ANS:2 C
Proteins2have2several2functions,2including2acting2as2receptors,2transport2channels2for2electrol
ytes,2and2enzymes2to2drive2active2pumps2Lipids2help2act2as2the2“glue”2holding2cell2membra

, nes2together.2Proteases2cause2the2breakdown2of2protein.2Carbohydrates2are2involved2in2cellula
r2protection2and2lubrication2and2help2produce2energy2via2oxidative2phosphorylation.