bch 3025 exam 1 modules 1-5
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_huhqnh
1. In a bacterial cell, the DNA is in the:
A) cell envelope.
B) cell membrane.
C) nucleoid.
D) nucleus.
E) ribosomes.: nucleoid
2. A major change occurring in the evolution of eukaryotes from prokaryotes
was the development of:
A) DNA.
B) photosynthetic capability.
C) plasma membranes.
D) ribosomes.
E) the nucleus.: the nucleus.
3. In eukaryotes, the nucleus is enclosed by a double membrane called the:
A) cell membrane.
B) nuclear envelope.
C) nucleolus.
D) nucleoplasm.
E) nucleosome: nuclear envelope
4. The dimensions of living cells are limited, on the lower end by the minimum
number of biomolecules necessary for function, and on the upper end by the
rate of diffusion of solutes such as oxygen. Except for highly elongated cells,
they usually have lengths and diameters in the range of:
A) 0.1 m to 10 m.
B) 0.3 m to 30 m.
C) 0.3 m to 100 m.
D) 1 m to 100 m.
E) 1 m to 300 m.: 0.3 micro meters to 100 micro meters
5. The bacterium E. coli requires simple organic molecules for growth and
energy—it is therefore a
A) chemoautotroph.
, bch 3025 exam 1 modules 1-5
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_huhqnh
B) chemoheterotroph.
C) lithotroph.
D) photoautotroph.
E) photoheterotroph.: chemo heterotroph.
6. Which one of the following has the cellular components arranged in order of
increasing size?
A) Amino acid < protein < mitochondrion < ribosome
B) Amino acid < protein < ribosome < mitochondrion
C) Amino acid < ribosome < protein < mitochondrion
D) Protein < amino acid < mitochondrion < ribosome
E) Protein < ribosome < mitochondrion < amino acid: Amino acid < protein < ribosome <
mitochondrion
7. The three-dimensional structure of macromolecules is formed and main-
tained primarily through noncovalent interactions. Which one of the following
is not considered a noncovalent interaction?
A) carbon-carbon bonds
B) hydrogen bonds
C) hydrophobic interactions
D) ionic interactions
E) van der Waals interactions: carbon-carbon bonds
8. Which one of the following is not among the four most abundant elements
in living organisms?
A) Carbon
B) Hydrogen
C) Nitrogen
D) Oxygen
E) Phosphorus: Phosphorus
9. The four covalent bonds in methane (CH4) are arranged around carbon to
give which one of the following geometries?
A) linear
B) tetrahedral
, bch 3025 exam 1 modules 1-5
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_huhqnh
C) trigonal bipyramidal
D) trigonal planar
E) trigonal pyramidal: tetrahedral
10. What functional groups are present on this molecule?
A) ether and aldehyde
B) hydroxyl and aldehyde
C) hydroxyl and carboxylic acid
D) hydroxyl and ester
E) hydroxyl and ketone: hydroxyl and aldehyde
11. The macromolecules that serve in the storage and transmission of genetic
information are:
A) carbohydrates.
B) lipids.
C) membranes.
D) nucleic acids.
E) proteins.: nucleic acids.
12. Stereoisomers that are nonsuperimposable mirror images of each other are
known as
A) anomers.
B) cis-trans isomers.
C) diastereoisomers.
D) enantiomers.
E) geometric isomers: enantiomers.
13. The enzyme fumarase catalyzes the reversible hydration of fumaric acid to
l-malate, but it will not catalyze the hydration of maleic acid, the cis isomer of
fumaric acid. This is an example of:
A) biological activity.
B) chiral activity.
C) racemization.
D) stereoisomerization.
E) stereospecificity.: stereo specificity.
, bch 3025 exam 1 modules 1-5
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_huhqnh
14. Humans maintain a nearly constant level of hemoglobin by continually syn-
thesizing and degrading it. This is an example of a(n):
A) dynamic steady state.
B) equilibrium state.
C) exergonic change.
D) free-energy change.
E) waste of energy.: dynamic steady state
15. If heat energy is absorbed by the system during a chemical reaction, the
reaction is said to be
A) at equilibrium.
B) endergonic.
C) endothermic.
D) exergonic.
E) exothermic.: Endothermic
16. If the free energy change delta G for a reaction is -46.11 kJ/mol, the reaction
is:
A) at equilibrium.
B) endergonic.
C) endothermic.
D) exergonic.
E) exothermic.: Exergonic.
17. The major carrier of chemical energy in all cells is
A) acetyl triphosphate.
B) adenosine monophosphate.
C) adenosine triphosphate.
D) cytosine tetraphosphate.
E) uridine diphosphate: adenosine triphosphate
18. Enzymes are biological catalysts that enhance the rate of a reaction by:
A) decreasing the activation energy.
B) decreasing the amount of free energy released.
C) increasing the activation energy.
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_huhqnh
1. In a bacterial cell, the DNA is in the:
A) cell envelope.
B) cell membrane.
C) nucleoid.
D) nucleus.
E) ribosomes.: nucleoid
2. A major change occurring in the evolution of eukaryotes from prokaryotes
was the development of:
A) DNA.
B) photosynthetic capability.
C) plasma membranes.
D) ribosomes.
E) the nucleus.: the nucleus.
3. In eukaryotes, the nucleus is enclosed by a double membrane called the:
A) cell membrane.
B) nuclear envelope.
C) nucleolus.
D) nucleoplasm.
E) nucleosome: nuclear envelope
4. The dimensions of living cells are limited, on the lower end by the minimum
number of biomolecules necessary for function, and on the upper end by the
rate of diffusion of solutes such as oxygen. Except for highly elongated cells,
they usually have lengths and diameters in the range of:
A) 0.1 m to 10 m.
B) 0.3 m to 30 m.
C) 0.3 m to 100 m.
D) 1 m to 100 m.
E) 1 m to 300 m.: 0.3 micro meters to 100 micro meters
5. The bacterium E. coli requires simple organic molecules for growth and
energy—it is therefore a
A) chemoautotroph.
, bch 3025 exam 1 modules 1-5
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_huhqnh
B) chemoheterotroph.
C) lithotroph.
D) photoautotroph.
E) photoheterotroph.: chemo heterotroph.
6. Which one of the following has the cellular components arranged in order of
increasing size?
A) Amino acid < protein < mitochondrion < ribosome
B) Amino acid < protein < ribosome < mitochondrion
C) Amino acid < ribosome < protein < mitochondrion
D) Protein < amino acid < mitochondrion < ribosome
E) Protein < ribosome < mitochondrion < amino acid: Amino acid < protein < ribosome <
mitochondrion
7. The three-dimensional structure of macromolecules is formed and main-
tained primarily through noncovalent interactions. Which one of the following
is not considered a noncovalent interaction?
A) carbon-carbon bonds
B) hydrogen bonds
C) hydrophobic interactions
D) ionic interactions
E) van der Waals interactions: carbon-carbon bonds
8. Which one of the following is not among the four most abundant elements
in living organisms?
A) Carbon
B) Hydrogen
C) Nitrogen
D) Oxygen
E) Phosphorus: Phosphorus
9. The four covalent bonds in methane (CH4) are arranged around carbon to
give which one of the following geometries?
A) linear
B) tetrahedral
, bch 3025 exam 1 modules 1-5
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_huhqnh
C) trigonal bipyramidal
D) trigonal planar
E) trigonal pyramidal: tetrahedral
10. What functional groups are present on this molecule?
A) ether and aldehyde
B) hydroxyl and aldehyde
C) hydroxyl and carboxylic acid
D) hydroxyl and ester
E) hydroxyl and ketone: hydroxyl and aldehyde
11. The macromolecules that serve in the storage and transmission of genetic
information are:
A) carbohydrates.
B) lipids.
C) membranes.
D) nucleic acids.
E) proteins.: nucleic acids.
12. Stereoisomers that are nonsuperimposable mirror images of each other are
known as
A) anomers.
B) cis-trans isomers.
C) diastereoisomers.
D) enantiomers.
E) geometric isomers: enantiomers.
13. The enzyme fumarase catalyzes the reversible hydration of fumaric acid to
l-malate, but it will not catalyze the hydration of maleic acid, the cis isomer of
fumaric acid. This is an example of:
A) biological activity.
B) chiral activity.
C) racemization.
D) stereoisomerization.
E) stereospecificity.: stereo specificity.
, bch 3025 exam 1 modules 1-5
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_huhqnh
14. Humans maintain a nearly constant level of hemoglobin by continually syn-
thesizing and degrading it. This is an example of a(n):
A) dynamic steady state.
B) equilibrium state.
C) exergonic change.
D) free-energy change.
E) waste of energy.: dynamic steady state
15. If heat energy is absorbed by the system during a chemical reaction, the
reaction is said to be
A) at equilibrium.
B) endergonic.
C) endothermic.
D) exergonic.
E) exothermic.: Endothermic
16. If the free energy change delta G for a reaction is -46.11 kJ/mol, the reaction
is:
A) at equilibrium.
B) endergonic.
C) endothermic.
D) exergonic.
E) exothermic.: Exergonic.
17. The major carrier of chemical energy in all cells is
A) acetyl triphosphate.
B) adenosine monophosphate.
C) adenosine triphosphate.
D) cytosine tetraphosphate.
E) uridine diphosphate: adenosine triphosphate
18. Enzymes are biological catalysts that enhance the rate of a reaction by:
A) decreasing the activation energy.
B) decreasing the amount of free energy released.
C) increasing the activation energy.
