Burns’ Pediatric Primary Care (8th Ed.) — Complete Chapter-
by-Chapter Test Bank: Verified Answers & Detailed Rationales
(New Edition)
Question 1:
A 4-week-old infant comes to the primary care clinic for a well
visit. The family asks whether the visit is mainly to treat illness
or to prevent future problems. The nurse educator explains that
primary prevention in pediatric primary care means:
A. diagnosing and treating acute infections early to avoid
complications.
B. providing anticipatory guidance and immunizations to
prevent disease and injury.
C. referring children with developmental delay to early
intervention services.
D. initiating specialty care when a chronic condition is
identified.
Correct Answer: B. providing anticipatory guidance and
immunizations to prevent disease and injury.
Rationale: Primary prevention aims to avert disease or injury
before it occurs — examples in pediatric primary care include
immunizations, safety counseling (car seats, safe sleep), and
,anticipatory guidance. Option A (diagnosing/treating acute
infections) is secondary/tertiary care focused on limiting harm
after disease onset. Option C (referral for developmental delay)
is early identification/intervention (secondary prevention)
rather than primary prevention. Option D is part of care
coordination for existing conditions (not primary prevention).
Question 2:
A 15-year-old with asthma is seen for transition planning to
adult services. Which activity best exemplifies the clinical focus
of "transition to adult care"?
A. Encouraging the adolescent to schedule the next refill with
the pediatric clinic.
B. Teaching the adolescent to contact the pediatrician for any
health concern as an adult.
C. Assessing the adolescent’s ability to self-manage medications
and arranging adult provider transfer.
D. Scheduling more frequent pediatric visits to monitor stability
until age 21.
Correct Answer: C. Assessing the adolescent’s ability to self-
manage medications and arranging adult provider transfer.
Rationale: Transition to adult care emphasizes preparing youth
to assume responsibility for health care, assessing self-
management skills, and coordinating a purposeful transfer to
adult providers. Option A keeps responsibility with pediatric
clinic (not transition). Option B is inappropriate — adults should
,be linked to adult care, not rely on pediatrician. Option D delays
transfer and does not advance transition readiness.
Question 3:
During a 6-month well child visit the nurse screens for adverse
childhood experiences (ACEs). Which statement reflects the
best evidence-based rationale for screening ACEs in pediatric
primary care?
A. ACEs screening identifies children who should be excluded
from daycare.
B. Early identification of ACEs allows providers to connect
families to supports that can mitigate long-term health risks.
C. ACEs are only relevant to adult primary care and rarely affect
childhood outcomes.
D. Recording ACEs in the chart guarantees prevention of future
mental health problems.
Correct Answer: B. Early identification of ACEs allows providers
to connect families to supports that can mitigate long-term
health risks.
Rationale: ACEs are associated with increased risk for physical
and mental health problems across the lifespan; in pediatric
primary care, identifying ACEs allows targeted, trauma-
informed interventions and referrals (behavioral health, social
services) to build protective factors and mitigate risk. Option A
is false and stigmatizing. Option C is incorrect — ACEs affect
children and their development. Option D overstates certainty
, — documenting ACEs doesn't guarantee prevention; it enables
interventions that reduce risk.
Question 4:
A 2-year-old with complex congenital heart disease receives
most services in a pediatric medical home. Which function of
the medical home is the highest priority for this child?
A. Providing only acute patient visits and same-day sick care.
B. Coordinating multidisciplinary specialty appointments and
community services.
C. Limiting access to subspecialty care to reduce fragmentation.
D. Prescribing all specialty medications within the primary care
clinic.
Correct Answer: B. Coordinating multidisciplinary specialty
appointments and community services.
Rationale: For children and youth with special healthcare needs
(CYSHCN), the medical home emphasizes comprehensive,
coordinated care across multiple providers and community
services. Option A is too narrow (medical home provides more
than acute care). Option C is incorrect — the goal is appropriate
integration, not limiting access. Option D is impractical and not
a defining function; coordination, not sole provision, is key.
Question 5:
A pediatric nurse practitioner sees a 16-year-old requesting
confidential contraception. Which of the following best reflects
by-Chapter Test Bank: Verified Answers & Detailed Rationales
(New Edition)
Question 1:
A 4-week-old infant comes to the primary care clinic for a well
visit. The family asks whether the visit is mainly to treat illness
or to prevent future problems. The nurse educator explains that
primary prevention in pediatric primary care means:
A. diagnosing and treating acute infections early to avoid
complications.
B. providing anticipatory guidance and immunizations to
prevent disease and injury.
C. referring children with developmental delay to early
intervention services.
D. initiating specialty care when a chronic condition is
identified.
Correct Answer: B. providing anticipatory guidance and
immunizations to prevent disease and injury.
Rationale: Primary prevention aims to avert disease or injury
before it occurs — examples in pediatric primary care include
immunizations, safety counseling (car seats, safe sleep), and
,anticipatory guidance. Option A (diagnosing/treating acute
infections) is secondary/tertiary care focused on limiting harm
after disease onset. Option C (referral for developmental delay)
is early identification/intervention (secondary prevention)
rather than primary prevention. Option D is part of care
coordination for existing conditions (not primary prevention).
Question 2:
A 15-year-old with asthma is seen for transition planning to
adult services. Which activity best exemplifies the clinical focus
of "transition to adult care"?
A. Encouraging the adolescent to schedule the next refill with
the pediatric clinic.
B. Teaching the adolescent to contact the pediatrician for any
health concern as an adult.
C. Assessing the adolescent’s ability to self-manage medications
and arranging adult provider transfer.
D. Scheduling more frequent pediatric visits to monitor stability
until age 21.
Correct Answer: C. Assessing the adolescent’s ability to self-
manage medications and arranging adult provider transfer.
Rationale: Transition to adult care emphasizes preparing youth
to assume responsibility for health care, assessing self-
management skills, and coordinating a purposeful transfer to
adult providers. Option A keeps responsibility with pediatric
clinic (not transition). Option B is inappropriate — adults should
,be linked to adult care, not rely on pediatrician. Option D delays
transfer and does not advance transition readiness.
Question 3:
During a 6-month well child visit the nurse screens for adverse
childhood experiences (ACEs). Which statement reflects the
best evidence-based rationale for screening ACEs in pediatric
primary care?
A. ACEs screening identifies children who should be excluded
from daycare.
B. Early identification of ACEs allows providers to connect
families to supports that can mitigate long-term health risks.
C. ACEs are only relevant to adult primary care and rarely affect
childhood outcomes.
D. Recording ACEs in the chart guarantees prevention of future
mental health problems.
Correct Answer: B. Early identification of ACEs allows providers
to connect families to supports that can mitigate long-term
health risks.
Rationale: ACEs are associated with increased risk for physical
and mental health problems across the lifespan; in pediatric
primary care, identifying ACEs allows targeted, trauma-
informed interventions and referrals (behavioral health, social
services) to build protective factors and mitigate risk. Option A
is false and stigmatizing. Option C is incorrect — ACEs affect
children and their development. Option D overstates certainty
, — documenting ACEs doesn't guarantee prevention; it enables
interventions that reduce risk.
Question 4:
A 2-year-old with complex congenital heart disease receives
most services in a pediatric medical home. Which function of
the medical home is the highest priority for this child?
A. Providing only acute patient visits and same-day sick care.
B. Coordinating multidisciplinary specialty appointments and
community services.
C. Limiting access to subspecialty care to reduce fragmentation.
D. Prescribing all specialty medications within the primary care
clinic.
Correct Answer: B. Coordinating multidisciplinary specialty
appointments and community services.
Rationale: For children and youth with special healthcare needs
(CYSHCN), the medical home emphasizes comprehensive,
coordinated care across multiple providers and community
services. Option A is too narrow (medical home provides more
than acute care). Option C is incorrect — the goal is appropriate
integration, not limiting access. Option D is impractical and not
a defining function; coordination, not sole provision, is key.
Question 5:
A pediatric nurse practitioner sees a 16-year-old requesting
confidential contraception. Which of the following best reflects
