Anatomy & Physiology Questions and Answers
Skeletal muscle - ✅✅Muscle tissue that attaches to parts of the skeleton and is responsible for
voluntary movement (moving your arm). Function is to provide heat and movement. Has striations.
Smooth muscle - ✅✅Muscle tissue found in the walls of hallow internal organs like the stomach,
blood vessels, and intestines. Not voluntary. Function is to move substances though the body. No
striations.
Cardiac muscle - ✅✅Found in the heart and is responsible for pumping blood powerfully and
efficiently. Not voluntary. Has striations.
Bones - ✅✅Make up the skeleton and support the body. Protect internal organs, produce blood cells
(hematopoiesis), store minerals (calcium and phosphorus) and are used for movement.
Joint - ✅✅Place where two bones meet (knee)
Cartilage - ✅✅Strong connective tissue that supports the body and is softer and more flexible than
bone. Found at the ends of bones and other places like the ears and nose.
Ligament - ✅✅Tough tissue that keeps bones in the correct position during movement.
Tendon - ✅✅Tough tissue that attaches muscle to bone. Work to move bones by pulling on them.
Compact bone - ✅✅The tough outside of the bone. Keeps the bone from breaking and provide
strength and protection. Made of osteons which are made of lamallae.
Diaphysis - ✅✅The long part of the bone.
Epiphysis - ✅✅The ends of the bone which provide places for muscles to attach. Allows growth.
, Medullary cavity - ✅✅A hollow part of the bone that holds yellow marrow.
Red marrow - ✅✅Produces blood cells.
Spongy (Cancellous) bone - ✅✅Made of a lot of tissue which is hard and strong. Makes the bone
strong and light. Basic unit is trabeculae.
Yellow marrow - ✅✅Contains stored fat and provide energy reserve for the body.
Osteoblast - ✅✅Cell that BUILDS bone.
Osteoclast - ✅✅Cell that DESTROYS bone.
Brain - ✅✅Organ which controls all other parts of the body. Signals from sensory neurons go to the
brain which then sends signals to the motor neurons.
Spinal cord - ✅✅Carries information to and from the brain. Reflexes (automatic responses) are
processed directly in the spinal cord and do not go to the brain.
Sensory neurons - ✅✅Receive information from the organs and send it to the interneurons.
Interneurons - ✅✅Make decisions and sends that signal to motor neurons. Found in the spinal cord
and brain. They connect the sensory and motor neurons.
Motor neurons - ✅✅Receive signals from the interneurons and send them to muscles and glands.
Nerve - ✅✅Bundle of neurons.
Dendrites - ✅✅Part of a neuron that receive signals from other neurons.
Skeletal muscle - ✅✅Muscle tissue that attaches to parts of the skeleton and is responsible for
voluntary movement (moving your arm). Function is to provide heat and movement. Has striations.
Smooth muscle - ✅✅Muscle tissue found in the walls of hallow internal organs like the stomach,
blood vessels, and intestines. Not voluntary. Function is to move substances though the body. No
striations.
Cardiac muscle - ✅✅Found in the heart and is responsible for pumping blood powerfully and
efficiently. Not voluntary. Has striations.
Bones - ✅✅Make up the skeleton and support the body. Protect internal organs, produce blood cells
(hematopoiesis), store minerals (calcium and phosphorus) and are used for movement.
Joint - ✅✅Place where two bones meet (knee)
Cartilage - ✅✅Strong connective tissue that supports the body and is softer and more flexible than
bone. Found at the ends of bones and other places like the ears and nose.
Ligament - ✅✅Tough tissue that keeps bones in the correct position during movement.
Tendon - ✅✅Tough tissue that attaches muscle to bone. Work to move bones by pulling on them.
Compact bone - ✅✅The tough outside of the bone. Keeps the bone from breaking and provide
strength and protection. Made of osteons which are made of lamallae.
Diaphysis - ✅✅The long part of the bone.
Epiphysis - ✅✅The ends of the bone which provide places for muscles to attach. Allows growth.
, Medullary cavity - ✅✅A hollow part of the bone that holds yellow marrow.
Red marrow - ✅✅Produces blood cells.
Spongy (Cancellous) bone - ✅✅Made of a lot of tissue which is hard and strong. Makes the bone
strong and light. Basic unit is trabeculae.
Yellow marrow - ✅✅Contains stored fat and provide energy reserve for the body.
Osteoblast - ✅✅Cell that BUILDS bone.
Osteoclast - ✅✅Cell that DESTROYS bone.
Brain - ✅✅Organ which controls all other parts of the body. Signals from sensory neurons go to the
brain which then sends signals to the motor neurons.
Spinal cord - ✅✅Carries information to and from the brain. Reflexes (automatic responses) are
processed directly in the spinal cord and do not go to the brain.
Sensory neurons - ✅✅Receive information from the organs and send it to the interneurons.
Interneurons - ✅✅Make decisions and sends that signal to motor neurons. Found in the spinal cord
and brain. They connect the sensory and motor neurons.
Motor neurons - ✅✅Receive signals from the interneurons and send them to muscles and glands.
Nerve - ✅✅Bundle of neurons.
Dendrites - ✅✅Part of a neuron that receive signals from other neurons.
