Chap 01 6e - Goldstein
Indicate whether the statement is true or false.
1. Encoding materials in a way that will make it easier to retrieve them later is an effective study method.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
2. Watson’s most famous experiment studied rats and the rate of bar pressing.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
3. It is easier to remember several facts if they are presented as part of a story than if they are presented as
separate, unrelated facts.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
4. The first computers were people.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
5. Franciscus Donders is credited with performing one of the first behavioral psychology experiments.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
6. The cognitive revolution began in the 1950s.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
7. There is one precise definition of the “mind.”
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
Page 1
,Name: Class: Date:
Chap 01 6e - Goldstein
Indicate the answer choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
8. Pairing two stimuli is central to the process of
a. cognitive mapping.
b. paradigm shift.
c. classical conditioning.
d. behaviorism.
ANSWER: c
9. Which statement describes the contribution of positron emission tomography (PET)?
a. It replaced functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) because it was less expensive.
b. It shows which areas of the human brain are not active while processing information.
c. It provides a lower-resolution image as compared to fMRI.
d. It involves placing one’s head through a magnetic scanner.
ANSWER: c
10. Regarding children’s language development, Noam Chomsky noted that children generate many sentences they
have never heard before. From this, he concluded that language development is driven largely by
a. an inborn biological program.
b. cultural influences.
c. classical conditioning.
d. operant conditioning.
ANSWER: a
11. Which scientist would claim that children’s language development was caused by imitation and reinforcement?
a. Noam Chomsky
b. John Watson
c. Keller Breland
d. B. F. Skinner
ANSWER: d
12. Research journals in the 1990s devoted to neuroimaging studies represented a significant shift in
a. science reporting.
b. designing and conducting studies.
c. interpretation and application of results.
d. human learning.
ANSWER: b
Page 2
,Name: Class: Date:
Chap 01 6e - Goldstein
13. What term is used to describe mental aptitude?
a. Memory
b. Intelligence
c. Problem-solving
d. Healthy
ANSWER: b
14. The “Little Albert” study involving the presentation of a rat and a loud noise demonstrated which process?
a. Reaction time
b. Unconscious inference
c. Classical conditioning
d. Operant conditioning
ANSWER: c
15. In Donders’s experiment on decision making, when participants were asked to press one button if the light on
the left was illuminated and another button if the light on the right was illuminated, they were engaged in which
type of task?
a. Memory recall
b. Simple reaction time
c. Choice reaction time
d. Problem-solving
ANSWER: c
16. The objective of the Donders’s reaction time experiments was to
a. show that reaction times can be measured accurately.
b. measure the amount of time it takes to make a decision.
c. determine differences in how people react to stimuli.
d. show that cognitions are often based on unconscious inferences.
ANSWER: b
17. Which topics would a cognitive psychologist most likely investigate?
a. How personality affects behavior at a party
b. Reaction time
c. How the presence of others increases the likelihood of helping
d. How babies change in height and weight through the first year of life
ANSWER: b
Page 3
, Name: Class: Date:
Chap 01 6e - Goldstein
18. Ebbinghaus discovered that most newly learned information is lost
a. during the first hour.
b. during the first 30 days.
c. during the first two days.
d. during the first week.
ANSWER: c
19. Which theorist first attempted to observe the mind and how it functions?
a. James
b. Wundt
c. Pavlov
d. Skinner
ANSWER: a
20. Which element is responsible for discovering that people can tune out unimportant information according to
Broadbent?
a. Input
b. Detector
c. Filter
d. Processor
ANSWER: c
21. Reece says anyone can complete a task if they “put their mind to it.” They are referencing
a. problem-solving.
b. intelligence.
c. memory.
d. survival.
ANSWER: a
22. The term artificial intelligence was coined by
a. B. F. Skinner.
b. Colin Cherry.
c. Edward Tolman.
d. John McCarthy.
ANSWER: d
Page 4
Indicate whether the statement is true or false.
1. Encoding materials in a way that will make it easier to retrieve them later is an effective study method.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
2. Watson’s most famous experiment studied rats and the rate of bar pressing.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
3. It is easier to remember several facts if they are presented as part of a story than if they are presented as
separate, unrelated facts.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
4. The first computers were people.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
5. Franciscus Donders is credited with performing one of the first behavioral psychology experiments.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
6. The cognitive revolution began in the 1950s.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
7. There is one precise definition of the “mind.”
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
Page 1
,Name: Class: Date:
Chap 01 6e - Goldstein
Indicate the answer choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
8. Pairing two stimuli is central to the process of
a. cognitive mapping.
b. paradigm shift.
c. classical conditioning.
d. behaviorism.
ANSWER: c
9. Which statement describes the contribution of positron emission tomography (PET)?
a. It replaced functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) because it was less expensive.
b. It shows which areas of the human brain are not active while processing information.
c. It provides a lower-resolution image as compared to fMRI.
d. It involves placing one’s head through a magnetic scanner.
ANSWER: c
10. Regarding children’s language development, Noam Chomsky noted that children generate many sentences they
have never heard before. From this, he concluded that language development is driven largely by
a. an inborn biological program.
b. cultural influences.
c. classical conditioning.
d. operant conditioning.
ANSWER: a
11. Which scientist would claim that children’s language development was caused by imitation and reinforcement?
a. Noam Chomsky
b. John Watson
c. Keller Breland
d. B. F. Skinner
ANSWER: d
12. Research journals in the 1990s devoted to neuroimaging studies represented a significant shift in
a. science reporting.
b. designing and conducting studies.
c. interpretation and application of results.
d. human learning.
ANSWER: b
Page 2
,Name: Class: Date:
Chap 01 6e - Goldstein
13. What term is used to describe mental aptitude?
a. Memory
b. Intelligence
c. Problem-solving
d. Healthy
ANSWER: b
14. The “Little Albert” study involving the presentation of a rat and a loud noise demonstrated which process?
a. Reaction time
b. Unconscious inference
c. Classical conditioning
d. Operant conditioning
ANSWER: c
15. In Donders’s experiment on decision making, when participants were asked to press one button if the light on
the left was illuminated and another button if the light on the right was illuminated, they were engaged in which
type of task?
a. Memory recall
b. Simple reaction time
c. Choice reaction time
d. Problem-solving
ANSWER: c
16. The objective of the Donders’s reaction time experiments was to
a. show that reaction times can be measured accurately.
b. measure the amount of time it takes to make a decision.
c. determine differences in how people react to stimuli.
d. show that cognitions are often based on unconscious inferences.
ANSWER: b
17. Which topics would a cognitive psychologist most likely investigate?
a. How personality affects behavior at a party
b. Reaction time
c. How the presence of others increases the likelihood of helping
d. How babies change in height and weight through the first year of life
ANSWER: b
Page 3
, Name: Class: Date:
Chap 01 6e - Goldstein
18. Ebbinghaus discovered that most newly learned information is lost
a. during the first hour.
b. during the first 30 days.
c. during the first two days.
d. during the first week.
ANSWER: c
19. Which theorist first attempted to observe the mind and how it functions?
a. James
b. Wundt
c. Pavlov
d. Skinner
ANSWER: a
20. Which element is responsible for discovering that people can tune out unimportant information according to
Broadbent?
a. Input
b. Detector
c. Filter
d. Processor
ANSWER: c
21. Reece says anyone can complete a task if they “put their mind to it.” They are referencing
a. problem-solving.
b. intelligence.
c. memory.
d. survival.
ANSWER: a
22. The term artificial intelligence was coined by
a. B. F. Skinner.
b. Colin Cherry.
c. Edward Tolman.
d. John McCarthy.
ANSWER: d
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