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Exam (elaborations)

BIOL 1001 LSU Exam 3 Chapter 7,8,9 Crousillac study review exam solution

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This document is a complete study review and solution guide for BIOL 1001 Exam 3 at Louisiana State University (Professor Crousillac). It thoroughly covers Chapters 7, 8, and 9, focusing on photosynthesis, cellular respiration, and cell division. Key topics include the light-dependent and light-independent reactions, the Calvin cycle, glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, the electron transport chain, ATP synthesis, mitosis, and meiosis. It also explains related biochemical processes, terminology, and key differences between asexual and sexual reproduction. Perfect for exam preparation or as a quick concept refresher.

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BIOL 1001 LSU Exam 3 Chapter 7,8,9
Crousillac study review exam solution
light-dependentireactioni-
ihappensiONLYiinidaytime,ioccursiinithylakoidimembraneib/

cithat'siwhereichlorophylliisilocated,
oxygenireleasediasiby-product
H2Oi+iNADP+i+iADPi=>iO2i+iNADPHi+iATP

whatiisirequirediforitheilightidependentireaction?i-iwateriandisunlight

flowiofielectronsiinilightidependentireactioni-

i wateri→iPS2i→iPS1i→iNADPiproductsiofilightidependentireactioni-

i ATPi&iNADPH

light-independentireactioni(CalviniCycle)i-
ihappensi24/7iandioccursiinitheistroma iCO2i+iATPi+iNADPHi+iH2Oi=>iC6H

12O6i+iADPi+iNADP+

inputsiofilight-independentireactioni-

i CO2,iATP,iNADPHioutputiofilight-independentireactioni-

i glucose

photosynthesisi-
itransforms ilightienergyitrappedibyichloroplastsiintoichemicalibondienergyi

andistoresithatienergyiinisugariandiotheriorganicimolecules

whatitypeiofichemicalireactioniisiphotosynthesisi-

i endergonicistomatai-

i tinyiholesithatiallowiwateri&iCO2itoienteritheileaf

vascularibundlei-

,i likeiaiveiniforiaileaf,icarriesiwateriandisugarithroughoutitheiplant

mesophyllicellsi-

i foundiinitheimiddleiofitheileaf,icontainichloroplastsicuticlei-

i waxyilayerisurroundingitheileafithatisealsiwateriin

, theishorteritheiwavelength....i-itheihigheritheienergy

chemiosmosisi-
iInitheithylakoid,iasielectronsimoveidownitheielectronitransportichain,iproto

nsi(H+)iareipumped,iagainstitheiriconcentrationigradient,itoioneisideiofithei
thylakoidimembrane.iAsitheyidiffuseitoitheiotheriside,itheyiactivateianienzy
meicallediATPisynthaseithatiisiuseditoimakeiATP.

energyireleasedifromielectronsiiniETCiuseditoiactivelyitransportiprotonsiint
oithylakoid,ibuildsigradient

siteiofiphotosynthesisi-ichloroplasts

chlorophylli-igreenipigmentithatigivesiaileafiitsicolor
responsibleiforitheiabsorptioniofitheilightienergyithatidrivesiphotosynthesi
silocatediinithylakoidimembrane

thylakoidi-iflattenedimembranousisaciinsideitheichloroplast

stromai-ifluid-

filledispaceioutsideitheithylakoidsiwithinitheichloroplastiaccessoryipigm

entsi-icarotenoidsiandiphycocyanins

pigmentsi-isubstancesithatiabsorbivisibleilight

photosystemsi-
iassemblies iwhichiturnilightienergyiintoichemicalienergyiinitheithylakoidim

embranes

Whatiisitheipurposeiofihavingitwoiphotosystemsiinitheilight-
dependentireactions?i-iTheitwoigenerateidifferentienergyicarriers

Whenilessiwateriisiavailableiduringiaidrought,iwhyiisitheirateiofiphotosynthesi
siiniplantsireduced?i-iFewerielectronsiareiarounditoifuelitheiETC

chemiosmosis:iATPisynthesisi-
ikeepsiH+iconcentrationihighiinsideithylakoid,idiffusesioutitoimakeiATP

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