EXAM 1 QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS 2025-2026
DefinitionAofAPathophysiologyA-
AcorrectAanswersAdefinedAasAnotAonlyAtheAcellularAandAorganAchangesAthatAoccurAwithAdisease,A
butAalsoAtheAeffectsAthatAtheseAchangesAhaveAonAtotalAbodyAfunction.
5AetiologicAfactorsAandAanAexampleAofAeachA-AcorrectAanswersABiological:AbacteriaAandAviruses
Physical:Atrauma,Aburns,AandAradiation
Chemical:Apoisons,Adrugs
One'sAgeneticAinheritanceA
NutritionalAexcessesAorAdeficiencies
2AtypesAofAriskAfactorsA-
AcorrectAanswersAcongenitalAfactorsA(presentAatAbirth)AorAacquiredA(occurringAafterAbirth)
DifferenceAbetweenAmorphologyAandAhistologyA-AcorrectAanswersAMorphologyA-
AfundamentalAstructureAorAformAofAcellsAorAtissuesA(includesAtheAgrossAandAmicroscopicAchang
es)
HistologyA-AstudyAofAtheAcellsAandAextracellularAmatrixAofAbodyAtissuesA(atAtheAtissueAlevel)
SignsAandAsymptomsA-AcorrectAanswersASignsA-
AobjectiveAandAcanAbeAseenAorAmeasured.AElevatedAtemp,AlegAedema,AandAchangesAinApupilAsiz
e.A
symptomsA-Asubjective.Apain,AtroubleAbreathing,Adizziness.
3AimportantAprocessesAwhenAcomingAtoAaAdiagnosis?A-
AcorrectAanswersAPatientAhistory,AphysicalAexamination,AandAdiagnosticAtests.
Validity,Areliability,Asensitivity,AandAspecificityAdefinitions.A-AcorrectAanswersAValidityA-
AhowAaAtoolAmeasureAwhatAitAisAintendedAtoAmeasure.A
ReliabilityA-AlikelihoodAtheAsameAresultAoccurringAwithAmultipleAtesting.A
SensitivityA-AtheAproportionAofApeopleAwithAaAdiseaseAwhoAareApositiveAforAthatAdisease.A
, SpecificityA-AareApeopleAwithoutAtheAdiseaseAwhoAareAnegativeAonAaAgivenAtest.
DefineAepidemiologyAandAnameAsomeAthingAthatAitAtracks.A-
AcorrectAanswersAEpidemiologyAisAtheAstudyAofAdiseaseAoccurrenceAinAhumanApopulations.AItAtr
acks,Aage,Arace,AdietaryAhabits,Alifestyle,AorAgeographicAlocation.
DifferenceAbetweenAincidenceAandAprevalenceA-AcorrectAanswersAIncidenceA-
AtheAnumberAofAnewAcasesAinAaApopulation
PrevalenceA-AtheAnumberAofApeopleAwithAtheAdiseaseAinAaApopulationAinAaAgivenAtime
DefineAMortalityAandAMorbidityA-AcorrectAanswersAMortalityA-
AtheAstatisticsAthatAdealAwithAcauseAofAdeathAinAaApopulation
MorbidityAisAtheAeffectAofAillnessAonAone'sAlife.
DefineAPrimary,Asecondary,AandAtertiaryApreventionAandAgiveAanAexampleAofAeach.A-
AcorrectAanswersAPrimary:AremoveAriskAfactorsAtoApreventAdiseaseAfromAoccurring.AExamplesA-
AyearlyAcheckAup,AdailyAvitamin,Avaccination,AwearingAseatbeltsAorAhelmets.A
Secondary:AdetectAandAtreatAdiseaseAearly,AusuallyAwhileAtheAdiseaseAisAasymptomaticAandAcur
able.AExampleA-
ApapAsmears,AcheckingAbpAandAcholesterolAandAcolonoscopyAscreening.AUsuallyAallAdoneAbyAset
tingAofAaAphysician.A
Tertiary:AoccursAafterAaAdiagnosisAhasAbeenAmadeAandAclinicalAinterventionsAareAneededAtoAred
uceAcomplications.
WhyAisAevidenceAbasedApracticeAimportant?A-AcorrectAanswersAEvidence-
basedApracticeAisAtheAconscientious,Aexplicit,AandAjudiciousAuseAofAcurrentAbestAevidenceAinAm
akingAdecisionsAaboutAtheAcareAofAindividualApatients.AThisAisAtoAcounteractA"theAwayAthingsAh
aveAalwaysAbeenAdone,"AandAtoApracticeAbasedAonAclinicalAresearch.
whatAareAtheA3AprimaryAstructuresAofAtheAcell?A-
AcorrectAanswersANucleus,Acytoplasm,AandAplasmaAmembrane
WhatAisAtheAfunctionAofAtheAnucleus?A-
AcorrectAanswersAcontrolAcenterAofAtheAcellAandAcontainsADNAAandARNA
NameA3AstructuresAwithinAtheAnucleusA-
AcorrectAanswersAchromatin,Anucleolus,AandAnuclearAenvelope