ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM 1 QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS 2025.

ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
EXAM 1 QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS 2025-2026
AAcertainAdiseaseAisAcurrentlyAfoundAinA1AofAeveryA10ApeopleAinAtheAcountryAandA1,000ApeopleA
contractAtheAdiseaseAyearly.ATheApopulationAofAtheAcountryAisA4,500,000.AWhichAofAtheAfollowi
ngAstatementsAisAcorrect?

a.ATheAprevalenceAofAtheAdiseaseAisA10%AandAtheAincidenceAisA.02%.

b.ATheAprevalenceAofAtheAdiseaseAisA.02%AandAtheAincidenceAisA10%.

c.ANeitherAisAcorrect.

d.AThereAisAinsufficientAdataA-AcorrectAanswersAA

InArelationAtoAdiseaseAdevelopment,AtheAtermA"etiology"ArefersAtoAwhichAofAtheAfollowing?



a.numberAofApeopleAwithAtheAdisease

b.AcauseAofAtheAdisease

c.AdefinitionAofAtheAdisease

d.AoutcomeAofAtheAdiseaseA-AcorrectAanswersAB

WhichAofAtheAfollowingAis(are)AtrueAaboutA"symptoms"?

a.AobjectiveAandAmeasurable

b.AtheAsameAasA"signs"

c.AbothAofAtheAabove

d.AneitherAofAtheAaboveA-AcorrectAanswersAD

InA1992,AthereAwereA980AdeathsAinAaAMidwesternAcityAwithAaApopulationAofA1,000,000.AAtAtheA
beginningAofAthatAyear,A900AcasesAofAAIDSAexistedAinAthisApopulation.ADuringAtheAyear,A250Ane
wAcasesAofAAIDSAwereAdiagnosed,AandA75ApeopleAdiedAofAtheAdiseaseAinA1992.

UsingAtheAdataAgivenAabove,AwhatAwasAtheAincidenceArateA(perA100,000Apopulation)AatAtheAen
dAofA1992AforAAIDS?

a.A6

b.A25

c.A88

,d.A116A-AcorrectAanswersAB

WhatAlevelAofApreventionAisAaAbloodApressureAscreeningAprogramAforAhighAschoolAstudentsAwh
oAareApregnant?

a.Aprimary

b.Asecondary

c.AtertiaryA-AcorrectAanswersAB

Mr.AForbesAcomplainsAofA"indigestion"AandAbecomesAsweatyAandApale.AHisAwifeAtakesAhimAtoAt
heAEmergencyADepartmentAatANorthwesternAMemorialAHospital.AAAcardiacAcatheterizationA2A
daysAlaterAshowsApartialAblockageAofAhisArightAcoronaryAarteryA(RCA).

BlockageAofAtheArightAcoronaryAarteryAcanAleadAtoAmyocardialAcellAinjuryAbecauseAitAresultsAinA
whichAofAtheAfollowing?

a.AbilirubinAaccumulationAinAmyocardialAcells

b.AalterationAinAtheAgeneticAmaterialAofAmyocardialAcells

c.AreducedAenergyAproductionAinAmyocardialAcells

d.AactivationAofAtheAcomplementAsystemA-AcorrectAanswersAC

WhenAmyocardialAcellsAareAinjured,AtheAfunctionAofAtheANa-
KAmembraneApumpAmayAbeAimpaired.AWhichAofAtheAfollowingAmayAthenAresult?

a.intracellularAsodiumAwillAincrease

b.AextracellularApotassiumAwillAdecrease

c.AcellAvolumeAwillAdecrease

d.AallAofAtheAaboveA-AcorrectAanswersAA

Mr.AForbesAisAbeingApreparedAforAopenAheartAsurgeryAwhenAheAsuffersAaAmyocardialAinfarctionA
inAwhichAaAlargeApartAofAhisAleftAventricleAhasAsufferedAlethalAcellAinjury.

Mr.AForbes'ACPK-
MBAandALDH1,AenzymesAassociatedAwithAmyocardialAcells,AareAsignificantlyAelevated.AWhatAisAt
heAbestAexplanationAforAthis?

a.AItAisAaAsignAthatAnecroticAmyocardialAcellsAhaveAreleasedAtheirAcytoplasmicAcontentsAintoAthe
Ablood.



b.AItAisAaAsignAofAreversibleAfattyAaccumulationAinAtheAmyocardialAcellsA

c.AItAisAaAsignAthatAtheAmyocardialAcellsAareAundergoingAhypertrophy.

d.ANoneAofAtheAabove.A-AcorrectAanswersAA

,IfAaAtissueAspecimenAofAmyocardialAcellsAwereAobtainedAforAexaminationAfromAMr.AForbes,Awhi
chAofAtheAfollowingAfindingsAwouldAindicateAirreversibleAcellAinjury?

a.AcellularAswelling

b.AdecreasedAATPAproduction

c.AdecreasedAintracellularAcalcium

d.AdissolutionAofAnuclearAmaterialA-AcorrectAanswersAD

TheAaccumulationAofAlacticAacidAthatAoccursAwithAimpairedAenergyAproductionAresultsAfromAwh
ichAofAtheAfollowing?

a.AincreasedAintracellularAglucose

b.AincreasedAanaerobicAmetabolism

c.AdecreasedAmetabolicArate

d.AincreasedAoxidativeAphosphorylationA-AcorrectAanswersAB

AAmountainAclimberAisAstrandedAatA23,000AfeetAinAtheASwissAAlpsAandAhasAlostAallAhisAequipme
ntAandAsuppliesAinAanAavalanche.ASubsequently,AheAsuffersAcellAinjuryAdueAtoAimpairedAATPApro
duction.ATheAreasonAforAtheAdecreaseAinAATPAisAwhichAofAtheAfollowing?

a.AenzymeAinhibition

b.Auncoupling

c.Ahypoxia

d.AnoneAofAtheAaboveA-AcorrectAanswersAC

AnAelderlyApatientAdevelopsAanAobstructionAinAhisAleftAmiddleAcerebralAartery.ATheAbrainAtissue
AsuppliedAbyAthisAarteryAbecomesAhypoxic.ATheAbestAexplanationAforAthisAisAwhichAofAtheAfollow


ing?

a.AtheAobstructionAresultsAinAdecreasedAbloodAflow

b.AtheAobstructionAresultsAinAdecreasedAhemoglobinAinAtheAblood

c.AwhileAbloodAflowAstaysAtheAsame,AtheAobstructionAreducesAoxygenAcontentAinAtheAblood

d.AnoneAofAtheAaboveAexplainAtheAreasonAforAtheAhypoxiaA-AcorrectAanswersAA

IncreasedAmobilizationAandAdeliveryAofAfreeAfattyAacidsAtoAliverAcellsAcanAresultAinAfatAaccumula
tion.AWhichAofAtheAfollowingAproblemsAresultsAinAincreasedAmobilizationAofAfreeAfattyAacids?

a.Aanemia

b.AhepaticAtoxins

, c.Astarvation

d.AhypoxiaA-AcorrectAanswersAC

GeneralizedAhypoxiaAresultsAinAaAswitchAtoAanaerobicAmetabolismAinAcells.AAnaerobicAmetaboli
smAresultsAinAwhichAofAtheAfollowing?

a.AdecreasedAlacticAacidAinsideAcells

b.AdecreasedAarterialApH

c.AmoreAeffectiveAATPAproduction

d.AincreasedApHAinsideAcellsA-AcorrectAanswersAB

ThereAisAaAdiseaseAofAtheAspleen,AwhichAresultsAinAanAexcessiveAdestructionAofARBCs.AThisAincre
aseAinARBCAdestructionAcanAleadAtoAwhichAofAtheAfollowing?

a.Ahypoxia

b.Ahypobilirubinemia

c.AanAincreaseAinAplatelets

d.AallAofAtheAaboveA-AcorrectAanswersAA

YourAbodyAhasAdevelopedAanAincreasedAdemandAforAthyroidAhormones.AThisAwillAleadAtoA____
________AofAtheAthyroidAgland.

a.Aatrophy

b.Ahypertrophy

c.Adysplasia

d.AmetaplasiaA-AcorrectAanswersAB

YouApalpateAaAgangrenousAlegAandAnoteAtheApresenceAofAcrepitus.ACrepitusAisAassociatedAwithA
whichAofAtheAfollowing?

a.AwetAgangrene

b.AdryAgangrene

c.AgasAgangrene

d.AallAofAtheAaboveA-AcorrectAanswersAC

DirectAcellAmembraneAdestructionAmayAresultAfromAwhichAofAtheAfollowing?

a.AcomplementAactivation

b.AbacterialAenzymes