NSG 350 Final exam with correct |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
answers
Standards of care - correct answer✔✔•Often set by professional organizations
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
•Directs and maintains high quality of care |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
•Code of Ethics by ANA is a standard of care
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protocols of care - correct answer✔✔•Step-by-step actions to take
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•Often institution specific using the best evidence available
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evidence based practice guildline - correct answer✔✔•Systematically derived statements to
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
assist practitioners in providing best care
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•Done as a team |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
•Not unit/institution specific making
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•Provides evidence based recommendations that aids institutions' decision in developing
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
protocols
•Includes how evidence collected/graded |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
•NOT step by step process but provides the why, when, who, what
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
systematic review/meta-analysis - correct answer✔✔•In short, a comprehensive review of
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
"what is known" using a VERY systematic method
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
•Meta-analysis goes one step more and completes additionally statistical analysis on existing |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
data
•Should be done as a team |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
•MUST HAVE 6 PARTS TO REPORT (abstract, intro, methods, results, discussion, references)
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,6 parts - correct answer✔✔abstract, intro, methods, results, discussion, references
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research article - correct answer✔✔•A detailed report of a conducted research study
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•MUST HAVE 6 PARTS TO REPORT (abstract, intro, methods, results, discussion, references)
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seven steps of EBP - correct answer✔✔0- cultivate a spirit of inquiry
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1- ask a clinical question in PICO format
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2- search for the most relevant and best evidence
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3- critically appraise the evidence you gather
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
4- integrate all evidence with your clinical expertise and patient preferences and values
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
5-Implement
6- evaluate
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7- disseminate share the outcomes of EBP changes with others
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
starting point of EBP - correct answer✔✔Any inquiry of what is best for our patients and how
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
can we improve patient outcomes
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foreground question - correct answer✔✔a specific question that when answered provides |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
evidence to support clinical decision making (Ex: Are infants who use a pacifier at greater risk
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
for SIDS compared to no pacifier use?)
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
background question - correct answer✔✔important part of daily patient care, basic |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
knowledge question, can be answered quickly and found in a text book (ex: What causes SIDS?) |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
main goal of PICO - correct answer✔✔find best evidence
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steps of writing pico question - correct answer✔✔1.QUESTION, THINK, DISCUSS
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
, 2.Jot down P-I-C-O
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3.Decide on a template |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Apply P-I-C-O terms to chosen template
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therapy - correct answer✔✔•In _____ what is the effect of ______ on ______ compared to
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
________.
cause - correct answer✔✔•Are _____who have ____ at _____ risk for ____ compared with
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
____ with or without _______.
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
diagnosis - correct answer✔✔•In ____ are/is _______ compared with _______ more accurate
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
in diagnosing _________.
|||\\\ |||\\\
Prevention - correct answer✔✔•For _____does the use of ____ reduce the future risk of |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
_____ compared to ______.|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
prognosis - correct answer✔✔•In ____ how does _______ compared with _______ influence
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
_________.
meaning - correct answer✔✔•How do ______ diagnosed with ____perceive _____.
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Hierarchy of Evidence - correct answer✔✔•LEVEL 1- systematic review, meta-analysis, clinical
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
practice guideline |||\\\
•LEVEL 2- well-designed randomized control trial (RCT)
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•LEVEL 3- well-designed controlled trial without randomization
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•LEVEL 4- well-designed cohort or correlational study
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
•LEVEL 5- systematic review of descriptive, qualitative
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
•LEVEL 6- single descriptive, qualitative
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answers
Standards of care - correct answer✔✔•Often set by professional organizations
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
•Directs and maintains high quality of care |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
•Code of Ethics by ANA is a standard of care
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
protocols of care - correct answer✔✔•Step-by-step actions to take
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
•Often institution specific using the best evidence available
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
evidence based practice guildline - correct answer✔✔•Systematically derived statements to
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
assist practitioners in providing best care
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
•Done as a team |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
•Not unit/institution specific making
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
•Provides evidence based recommendations that aids institutions' decision in developing
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
protocols
•Includes how evidence collected/graded |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
•NOT step by step process but provides the why, when, who, what
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
systematic review/meta-analysis - correct answer✔✔•In short, a comprehensive review of
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
"what is known" using a VERY systematic method
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
•Meta-analysis goes one step more and completes additionally statistical analysis on existing |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
data
•Should be done as a team |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
•MUST HAVE 6 PARTS TO REPORT (abstract, intro, methods, results, discussion, references)
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
,6 parts - correct answer✔✔abstract, intro, methods, results, discussion, references
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
research article - correct answer✔✔•A detailed report of a conducted research study
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
•MUST HAVE 6 PARTS TO REPORT (abstract, intro, methods, results, discussion, references)
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
seven steps of EBP - correct answer✔✔0- cultivate a spirit of inquiry
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
1- ask a clinical question in PICO format
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
2- search for the most relevant and best evidence
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
3- critically appraise the evidence you gather
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
4- integrate all evidence with your clinical expertise and patient preferences and values
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
5-Implement
6- evaluate
|||\\\ |||\\\
7- disseminate share the outcomes of EBP changes with others
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
starting point of EBP - correct answer✔✔Any inquiry of what is best for our patients and how
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
can we improve patient outcomes
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
foreground question - correct answer✔✔a specific question that when answered provides |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
evidence to support clinical decision making (Ex: Are infants who use a pacifier at greater risk
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
for SIDS compared to no pacifier use?)
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
background question - correct answer✔✔important part of daily patient care, basic |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
knowledge question, can be answered quickly and found in a text book (ex: What causes SIDS?) |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
main goal of PICO - correct answer✔✔find best evidence
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
steps of writing pico question - correct answer✔✔1.QUESTION, THINK, DISCUSS
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
, 2.Jot down P-I-C-O
|||\\\ |||\\\
3.Decide on a template |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Apply P-I-C-O terms to chosen template
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
therapy - correct answer✔✔•In _____ what is the effect of ______ on ______ compared to
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
________.
cause - correct answer✔✔•Are _____who have ____ at _____ risk for ____ compared with
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
____ with or without _______.
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
diagnosis - correct answer✔✔•In ____ are/is _______ compared with _______ more accurate
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
in diagnosing _________.
|||\\\ |||\\\
Prevention - correct answer✔✔•For _____does the use of ____ reduce the future risk of |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
_____ compared to ______.|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
prognosis - correct answer✔✔•In ____ how does _______ compared with _______ influence
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
_________.
meaning - correct answer✔✔•How do ______ diagnosed with ____perceive _____.
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Hierarchy of Evidence - correct answer✔✔•LEVEL 1- systematic review, meta-analysis, clinical
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
practice guideline |||\\\
•LEVEL 2- well-designed randomized control trial (RCT)
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
•LEVEL 3- well-designed controlled trial without randomization
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
•LEVEL 4- well-designed cohort or correlational study
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
•LEVEL 5- systematic review of descriptive, qualitative
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
•LEVEL 6- single descriptive, qualitative
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
