Answers <Verified Answers> 2025
Marking Scheme New Update
warrant of arrest - Answer- issued by the court, directed to the officers, commanding the
arrest of a particular person
Use of Force - Answer- act of physical coercion normally involving contact between
persons
Deadly force - Answer- force likely to cause death or great bodily harm
examples of non-deadly force - Answer- fists, feet, impact weapons, chemical weapons,
restraint devices, canines
examples of deadly-force - Answer- striking a suspect's head with a baton, firing a
"warning shot" at a suspect, striking a suspect's head on pavement
reasonable force - Answer- the minimum amount of lawful aggression sufficient to
achieve a legitimate law enforcement objective
Graham Factors - Answer- 1. Severity of crime
2. whether the suspect poses an immediate threat to the safety of the officers or others
3. whether he is actively resisting arrest or attempting to evade arrest by flight
totality of circumstances - Answer- all facts known to the peace officer at the time, or
that would be known to a reasonable officer in the same situation, including the conduct
of the officer and the subject leading up to the use of deadly force.
Cooperative person - Answer- officer presence, verbal control, restraint devices
passive resister - Answer- joint manipulation, pressure sensitive area techniques,
possible use of chemical agents
active resister - Answer- stunning techniques with control instruments, without control
instruments, take-downs, chemical agents, control instrument techniques, canine
deployment
aggressive assailant - Answer- punches, kicks and other striking techniques, impact
tools, take-downs directed at the skeletal structure of the body
deadly force assailant - Answer- firearms, other measures that could result in GBH
, Duty to Intervene - Answer- A peace officer, or any other person acting under the color
of law who has an opportunity to intervene, shall have an affirmative duty to intervene to
prevent or stop another peace officer in his or her presence from using any
unauthorized force or force that exceeds the degree of force permitted, if any, without
regard for chain of command.
what is needed for a conviction? - Answer- Proof beyond a reasonable doubt
what is needed for an arrest? - Answer- probable cause
what is needed for a Terry stop? - Answer- reasonable suspicion
exclusionary rule - Answer- deter law enforcement from committing illegal searches and
seizures
"Fruits of the poisonous tree" - Answer- excludes evidence acquired as an indirect result
of police misconduct
independent source - Answer- having information apart from an illegal search that
satisfies the requirements of a warrant
inevitable discovery - Answer- evidence unlawfully discovered will be admissible if
would have been inevitably discovered by lawful means
Good faith - Answer- reasonable reliance on a search warrant that was actually issued
without probable cause
Reasonable Suspicion - Answer- stop and detain any person in a public place for a
reasonable amount of time when you can reasonably infer from the circumstances that
the person is committing or about to commit a crime
probable cause - Answer- reasonable grounds (for making a search, pressing a charge,
etc.).
Summons - Answer- issued by a court, commanding a person to appear before a court
on a specific date at a specific time
Notice to Appear - Answer- issued by an offer, requesting a person to appear at a
specific location on a specific date and time
Crime Victim - Answer- a person (s) who is harmed, injured, or killed as a result of a
crime
Separate the witneses - Answer- according to the memory conformity block of
instruction, after determining the scene is safe, what is the first thing an officer should
do when dealing with multiple witnesses?