NFDN 2003 Final exam with verified answers.

NFDN 2003 Final exam with verified
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answers

Hypovolemia |is |also |called |- |correct |answer |dehydration



Hypovolemia |symptoms |- |correct |answer |- |weak

- |rapid |pulse

- |dizziness

- |thirst

- |weight |loss

- |decreased |BP



Hypervolemia |symptoms |- |correct |answer |- |weight |gain

- |SOB

- |wheezing/crackles

- |tachycardia

- |increased |urinary |output

- |increase |BP



Hyponatremia |- |correct |answer |low |sodium |levels



Hyponatremia |causes |- |correct |answer |- |excess |sweeting

- |increased |H2O

- |use |of |diuretics



Hypernatremia |- |correct |answer |excess |sodium |leves

,Hypernatremia |causes |- |correct |answer |- |diarrhea

- |heat |stroke |

- |hyperventilation



pH |normal |levels |- |correct |answer |7.35-7.45



PaCO2 |normal |levels |- |correct |answer |35-45mmHg



HCO3 |(Bicarb) |normal |levels |- |correct |answer |22-26mmol/L



Respiratory |Acidosis |- |correct |answer |- |results |from |retention |of |CO2 |& |decrease |of |pH



Respiratory |Acidosis |Symptoms |- |correct |answer |- |increased |pulse

- |increased |resps

- |increased |BP

- |mental |cloudiness



Respiratory |Acidosis |Treatment |- |correct |answer |- |bronchodilators

- |anticoagulants

- |place |pt |in |semi |fowlers



Respiratory |Alkalosis |- |correct |answer |- |rapid |or |excess |elimination |of |CO2 |& |increase |pH

- |cause: |hyperventilation



Respiratory |Alkalosis |symptoms |- |correct |answer |- |dizzy

- |light |headed

- |paraesthesia |of |extremities

, Respiratory |Alkalosis |Treatment |- |correct |answer |- |slow |breathing

- |breath |into |paper |bag



Metabolic |Acidosis |- |correct |answer |- |decrease |bicarb |(HCO3)

- |pH |= |< |7.35



Metabolic |Acidosis |symptoms |- |correct |answer |- |headache

- |confusion

- |drowsiness

- |increase |resp |rate

- |decrease |BP

- |cold/clammy |skin



Metabolic |Acidosis |Treatment |- |correct |answer |- |give |bicarb

- |may |need |dialysis



Metabolic |Alkalosis |- |correct |answer |- |increase |bicarb

- |ph= |> |7.45

- |excessive |vomiting |or |diarrhea



Metabolic |Alkalosis |symptoms |- |correct |answer |- |paraesthesia |of |fingers |and |toes

- |dizzy

- |depressed |respirations



Metabolic |Alkalosis |Treatment |- |correct |answer |- |fluid |hydrating |with |NaCl

- |monitor |input/output |CAREFULLY



Isotonic |solution |- |correct |answer |- |osmolality |close |to |blood |plasma