NUR 356 Exam 5 Questions with Correct Answers Latest Update

NUR 356 Exam 5 Questions with Correct Answers Latest Update heart - Answers The pump that delivers blood to the lungs to be oxygenated and then to the systemic circulation to supply oxygen to the tissues. endocardium - Answers inner layer with the valves myocardium - Answers muscle layer Epicardium, pericardium - Answers outside layer, pericardial sac with fluid 10-15 ml to lubricate the heart, problem with too much or not enough fluid Electrical - Answers Prepares the heart to contract Can be recorded on paper : ECG Consists of: Electrical stimulus Initiating factor Depolarization Producing factor ECG - Answers records electrical properties of heart Depolarizing cells - Answers help the heart the contract Normal conduction pathway - Answers SA node Atria Internodal pathways AV node Bundle of His Bundle Branches Purkinje Fibers Ventricular musculature CONTRACTION Mechanical - Answers Pumping action, Confirmed by the presence of an apical pulse Systole - Answers Period of contraction Diastole - Answers Period of relaxation cardiac index - Answers based on body size Right side (unoxygenated): - Answers SVC and IVC to right atrium to tricuspid valve to right ventricle to pulmonic valve to pulmonary artery to lungs Left side (oxygenated): - Answers Pulmonary veins to left atrium to mitral valve to left ventricle to aortic valve to systemic circulation Preload - Answers volume of blood in ventricles at end of diastole Increased in: hypervolemia, reguritation of cardiac valves, heart failure Afterload - Answers resistance left ventricle must overcome to circulate blood Increased in hypertension, vasoconstriction increased cardiac workload - Answers Increased after load = ? arteries - Answers dilate and constrict- sympathetic nervous system capillaries - Answers tiny vessels- O2 and CO2 with tissues veins and venules - Answers don't dilate and contract as easily- low pressure system pulse pressure - Answers difference between systolic and diastolic MAP - Answers average pressure 65-110, needs to be 60 for our organs to prefuse, if not- organ failure serum lipids - Answers cholesterol markers HDL LDL Triglycerides Cardiac markers - Answers Creatine Kinase MB (CK-MB) Troponin Myoglobin C- Reactive Protein Homocysteine Natriuretic Peptide Markers ECG - Answers electrocardiogram Telemetry 12 lead- more info, a lot will only have 3 lead, might go home for 1-2 days with halter monitor to constantly monitor heart Stress test- activity of the heart while on treadmill, electrical function under stress Nuclear stress test- can give meds to stimulate if can't walk on treadmill Diagnostic Studies - Answers ECG Chest Xray ECHO