1. What is the gen- 5. what dow e do about refusal to transfuse blood
eral order by products by par-
which surrogates
can make deci-
sions?
2. What is the
difference
between
beneficence and
non-malefi-
cence?
3. What is the dif-
ference between
implied and in-
formed consent.
4. What is medical
futility and what
do the different
types mean?
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, Professional Practice on the PANCE: Study Guide Essentials
kinds of medical futility are often distinguished:
Quantitative futility, where the likelihood that an intervention will benefit the patient
is exceedingly poor, and
Qualitative futility, where the quality of benefit an intervention will produce is
exceedingly poor.
Beneficence is defined as
kindness and charity, which In American courts there is no doubt: the child's welfare is paramount. They have
requires action on the part of to show medical proof that a viable alternative exists and that the blood products
the nurse to benefit others. An are 100% unnecessary.
example of a nurse
demonstrating this ethical
principle is by holding a dying
patient's hand.
non-maleficence means avoiding
the causation of harm.
implied is in cases where the
patient cannot speak for
themselves.
informed is when the patient is
able to make their own
decisions, but they must be of
sound mind and an adult
"Medical futility" refers to
interventions that are unlikely
to produce any significant
benefit for the patient. Two
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