HSS 1100 Midterm 2 Exam Questions with Correct Answers Latest Update 2025-2026
spore - Answers Bacillus anthracis (spore or non spore)
spore (a) - Answers Bacillus cereus (spore or non spore)
spore (b) - Answers Clostridium tetani (spore or non spore)
spore (c) - Answers Clostridium botulinum (spore or non spore)
spore (d) - Answers Clostridium perfringens (spore or non spore)
spore (e) - Answers Clostridium difficile (spore or non spore)
non spore - Answers Listeria monocytogenes (spore or non spore)
non spore (a) - Answers Corynebacterium diphtheriae (spore or non spore)
pos - Answers Bacillus cereus (gram: pos or neg)
pos (a) - Answers Bacillus anthracis (gram: pos or neg)
pos (b) - Answers Clostridium tetani (gram: pos or neg)
pos (c) - Answers Clostridium botulinum (gram: pos or neg)
pos (d) - Answers Clostridium perfringens (gram: pos or neg)
pos (e) - Answers Clostridium difficile (gram: pos or neg)
pos (f) - Answers Listeria monocytogenes (gram: pos or neg)
pos (g) - Answers Corynebacterium diphtheriae (gram: pos or neg)
neg - Answers Salmonellae (gram: pos or neg)
neg (a) - Answers Shigellae (gram: pos or neg)
neg (b) - Answers Escherichia Coli (gram: pos or neg)
neg (c) - Answers Cronobacter (gram: pos or neg)
neg (d) - Answers Vibrio cholera (gram: pos or neg)
neg (e) - Answers Campylobacter (gram: pos or neg)
neg (f) - Answers Pseudomonas (gram: pos or neg)
neg (g) - Answers Haemophilus Influenzae (gram: pos or neg)
, neg (h) - Answers Legionella (gram: pos or neg)
neg (i) - Answers Helicobacter pylori (gram: pos or neg)
neg (j) - Answers Bordetella pertussis (gram: pos or neg)
Clostridium - Answers spp. spore forming + anaerobic
Bacillus - Answers spp. spore forming + aerobic
Bacillus anthracis - Answers only bacteria w/ capsule made of protein
Bacillus anthracis (a) - Answers causes disease anthrax
Bacillus anthracis (b) - Answers used for biological terrorism/warfare
Bacillus anthracis (c) - Answers virulence factors on plasmids (both PXO1 + PXO2 needed)
Bacillus anthracis (d) - Answers stable (resistant to drying, heat, UV, disinfectants)
PXO1 - Answers this plasmid encodes the exotoxin from 3 different proteins
PXO2 - Answers this plasmid encodes the capsule
Bacillus cereus - Answers penicillin resistant
Bacillus cereus (a) - Answers heat liable and heat stable enterotoxins
Bacillus cereus (b) - Answers antibiotic therapy does not work because toxins are causing
symptoms
Clostridium botulinum - Answers bilateral descending muscle paralysis (flaccidity)
Clostridium botulinum (a) - Answers can get from improperly prepared canned vegetables
Clostridium botulinum (b) - Answers shouldn't feed infants honey
Clostridium botulinum (c) - Answers treated with antitoxin
Clostridium tetani - Answers muscle rigidity
Clostridium tetani (a) - Answers spores breach skin barrier to infect
Clostridium perfringens - Answers causes gas gangrene
Clostridium perfringens (a) - Answers devastated soldiers wounded in battle
Clostridium difficile - Answers -more commonly seen in hospitals
-causes antibiotic-associated pseudomembranous enterocolitis (from overuse of broad
spore - Answers Bacillus anthracis (spore or non spore)
spore (a) - Answers Bacillus cereus (spore or non spore)
spore (b) - Answers Clostridium tetani (spore or non spore)
spore (c) - Answers Clostridium botulinum (spore or non spore)
spore (d) - Answers Clostridium perfringens (spore or non spore)
spore (e) - Answers Clostridium difficile (spore or non spore)
non spore - Answers Listeria monocytogenes (spore or non spore)
non spore (a) - Answers Corynebacterium diphtheriae (spore or non spore)
pos - Answers Bacillus cereus (gram: pos or neg)
pos (a) - Answers Bacillus anthracis (gram: pos or neg)
pos (b) - Answers Clostridium tetani (gram: pos or neg)
pos (c) - Answers Clostridium botulinum (gram: pos or neg)
pos (d) - Answers Clostridium perfringens (gram: pos or neg)
pos (e) - Answers Clostridium difficile (gram: pos or neg)
pos (f) - Answers Listeria monocytogenes (gram: pos or neg)
pos (g) - Answers Corynebacterium diphtheriae (gram: pos or neg)
neg - Answers Salmonellae (gram: pos or neg)
neg (a) - Answers Shigellae (gram: pos or neg)
neg (b) - Answers Escherichia Coli (gram: pos or neg)
neg (c) - Answers Cronobacter (gram: pos or neg)
neg (d) - Answers Vibrio cholera (gram: pos or neg)
neg (e) - Answers Campylobacter (gram: pos or neg)
neg (f) - Answers Pseudomonas (gram: pos or neg)
neg (g) - Answers Haemophilus Influenzae (gram: pos or neg)
, neg (h) - Answers Legionella (gram: pos or neg)
neg (i) - Answers Helicobacter pylori (gram: pos or neg)
neg (j) - Answers Bordetella pertussis (gram: pos or neg)
Clostridium - Answers spp. spore forming + anaerobic
Bacillus - Answers spp. spore forming + aerobic
Bacillus anthracis - Answers only bacteria w/ capsule made of protein
Bacillus anthracis (a) - Answers causes disease anthrax
Bacillus anthracis (b) - Answers used for biological terrorism/warfare
Bacillus anthracis (c) - Answers virulence factors on plasmids (both PXO1 + PXO2 needed)
Bacillus anthracis (d) - Answers stable (resistant to drying, heat, UV, disinfectants)
PXO1 - Answers this plasmid encodes the exotoxin from 3 different proteins
PXO2 - Answers this plasmid encodes the capsule
Bacillus cereus - Answers penicillin resistant
Bacillus cereus (a) - Answers heat liable and heat stable enterotoxins
Bacillus cereus (b) - Answers antibiotic therapy does not work because toxins are causing
symptoms
Clostridium botulinum - Answers bilateral descending muscle paralysis (flaccidity)
Clostridium botulinum (a) - Answers can get from improperly prepared canned vegetables
Clostridium botulinum (b) - Answers shouldn't feed infants honey
Clostridium botulinum (c) - Answers treated with antitoxin
Clostridium tetani - Answers muscle rigidity
Clostridium tetani (a) - Answers spores breach skin barrier to infect
Clostridium perfringens - Answers causes gas gangrene
Clostridium perfringens (a) - Answers devastated soldiers wounded in battle
Clostridium difficile - Answers -more commonly seen in hospitals
-causes antibiotic-associated pseudomembranous enterocolitis (from overuse of broad
