COMP 3300 operating systems midterm Exam Questions and Answers Already Passed Latest Update

COMP 3300 operating systems midterm Exam Questions and Answers Already Passed Latest Update What is a process in an operating system? - Answers A process is a program in execution, which progresses sequentially. What are the main components of a process? - Answers Text section (program code) Program counter & registers (current activity) Stack (temporary data like function parameters, return addresses, local variables) Data section (global variables) Heap (dynamically allocated memory) Which of the following is NOT a component of a process? Stack Cache Heap Data section - Answers Correct Answer: Cache (Cache is part of CPU memory, not a process component.) What are the main topics covered in process management? - Answers Process Concept Process Scheduling Operations on Processes Interprocess Communication (IPC) Client-Server Communication What are the two primary types of Interprocess Communication (IPC)? - Answers Shared Memory Message Passing In shared-memory IPC, where do processes communicate? Through system calls Through the file system By accessing a common memory segment Through the CPU registers - Answers Correct Answer: By accessing a common memory segment How does message-passing IPC differ from shared-memory IPC? - Answers Message Passing: Processes exchange data via system calls using the OS as an intermediary. Shared Memory: Processes communicate by directly reading/writing to a shared memory segment. What is the purpose of process scheduling? - Answers To determine which processes should run and in what order, optimizing CPU utilization and responsiveness. What are some key operations on processes? - Answers Process creation Process termination Process execution scheduling How do client-server systems communicate? - Answers Using sockets and remote procedure calls (RPCs). Which of the following is a method of client-server communication? Function calls System logs Sockets File transfers - Answers Correct Answer: Sockets What is a key objective of process management in an OS? Running all processes simultaneously Eliminating process execution overhead Efficiently managing multiple processes and their communication Preventing context switching - Answers Correct Answer: Efficiently managing multiple processes and their communication What system call does a parent process use to wait for a child process to terminate? - Answers wait() What does the wait() system call return? - Answers The status information and the PID of the terminated child process. What happens if a child process terminates, but the parent does NOT call wait()? - Answers The child process becomes a zombie process. What is a zombie process? - Answers A terminated process that still has an entry in the process table because the parent has not called wait(). What happens if a parent process terminates before its child process? - Answers The child process becomes an orphan process. What happens to orphan processes in most operating systems? - Answers They are adopted by the init process (PID 1) in Unix/Linux-based systems. What is a thread? - Answers A thread is the smallest unit of execution within a process How do threads differ from processes? - Answers Threads share the same memory space