Protein Synthesis Exam Questions and
Answers
transcription - ✅✅the process where the DNA sequence in a gene is copied
into mRNA
translation - ✅✅the process where genetic information coded in mRNA directs
the formation of a specific protein at a ribosome
codon - ✅✅sequence of three bases on a strand of mRNA that provides genetic
code information for a particular amino acid
anticodon - ✅✅group of three bases on a tRNA molecule that are
complementary to an mRNA codon
complementary base pairing - ✅✅In DNA, T pairs with A; G pairs with C;
RNA, U pairs with A and G pairs with C
ribosome - ✅✅organelles at which proteins are synthesized in the cytoplasm.
adenine - ✅✅pairs with uracil in RNA
nitrogenous bases - ✅✅adenine, guanine, cytosine, thymine, uracail
deoxyribose - ✅✅sugar in DNA
, ribose - ✅✅sugar in RNA
nucleotide - ✅✅consists of a phosphate group, sugar, and nitrogen base
mRNA - ✅✅Carries the genetic code for a protein from the nucleus to the
ribosomes where the proteins are assembled.
tRNA - ✅✅type of RNA that carries each amino acid to a ribosome during
protein synthesis
amino acids - ✅✅building blocks of proteins made during the translation step
of synthesis
DNA - ✅✅A double-stranded, helical nucleic acid molecule capable of
replicating and determining the inherited structure of a cell's proteins.
ribosome in the cytoplasm - ✅✅In what part of the cell does translation occur?
Ribosomes - ✅✅In what part of the cell are proteins made?
DNA - ✅✅The instructions for making proteins are contained in an organism's
_______.
Answers
transcription - ✅✅the process where the DNA sequence in a gene is copied
into mRNA
translation - ✅✅the process where genetic information coded in mRNA directs
the formation of a specific protein at a ribosome
codon - ✅✅sequence of three bases on a strand of mRNA that provides genetic
code information for a particular amino acid
anticodon - ✅✅group of three bases on a tRNA molecule that are
complementary to an mRNA codon
complementary base pairing - ✅✅In DNA, T pairs with A; G pairs with C;
RNA, U pairs with A and G pairs with C
ribosome - ✅✅organelles at which proteins are synthesized in the cytoplasm.
adenine - ✅✅pairs with uracil in RNA
nitrogenous bases - ✅✅adenine, guanine, cytosine, thymine, uracail
deoxyribose - ✅✅sugar in DNA
, ribose - ✅✅sugar in RNA
nucleotide - ✅✅consists of a phosphate group, sugar, and nitrogen base
mRNA - ✅✅Carries the genetic code for a protein from the nucleus to the
ribosomes where the proteins are assembled.
tRNA - ✅✅type of RNA that carries each amino acid to a ribosome during
protein synthesis
amino acids - ✅✅building blocks of proteins made during the translation step
of synthesis
DNA - ✅✅A double-stranded, helical nucleic acid molecule capable of
replicating and determining the inherited structure of a cell's proteins.
ribosome in the cytoplasm - ✅✅In what part of the cell does translation occur?
Ribosomes - ✅✅In what part of the cell are proteins made?
DNA - ✅✅The instructions for making proteins are contained in an organism's
_______.
