NSG 5340 Advanced Pharmacology
Final Practice Exam Questions And
Correct Answers (Verified Answers) Plus
Rationales 2025|2026 Q&A | Instant
Download Pdf| South College
1. A drug that enhances the activity of a receptor is known as a:
a) Antagonist
b) Partial agonist
c) Agonist
d) Inhibitor
Agonists bind to receptors and activate them, producing a
physiological effect.
2. Which pharmacokinetic phase involves the movement of a drug from
systemic circulation to tissues?
a) Absorption
, b) Distribution
c) Metabolism
d) Excretion
Distribution is the process of drug movement from blood to tissues and
organs.
3. The cytochrome P450 enzyme system is most active in which organ?
a) Kidney
b) Lung
c) Liver
d) Stomach
The liver contains the highest concentration of CYP450 enzymes
responsible for metabolism.
4. A patient taking warfarin should avoid which food due to drug–
nutrient interaction?
a) Bananas
b) Apples
c) Spinach
d) Oranges
Spinach is high in vitamin K, which antagonizes the anticoagulant
effect of warfarin.
5. A competitive antagonist:
a) Permanently inactivates a receptor
b) Competes with an agonist for binding at the receptor site
, c) Enhances receptor activity
d) Alters receptor number
Competitive antagonists reversibly bind to receptors and block agonist
action.
6. The half-life of a drug is defined as:
a) Time for drug absorption to complete
b) Time for steady state to be reached
c) Time for plasma concentration to decrease by 50%
d) Time for metabolism to occur
Half-life reflects the rate of elimination, specifically how long it takes
to reduce concentration by half.
7. Which beta-blocker is cardioselective?
a) Propranolol
b) Nadolol
c) Metoprolol
d) Carvedilol
Metoprolol selectively blocks beta-1 receptors, making it
cardioselective.
8. A serious adverse effect of aminoglycosides is:
a) Hepatotoxicity
b) Neurotoxicity
c) Ototoxicity
d) Photosensitivity
, Aminoglycosides such as gentamicin can cause irreversible hearing loss
due to ototoxicity.
9. Which insulin has the fastest onset of action?
a) NPH insulin
b) Regular insulin
c) Lispro insulin
d) Glargine insulin
Lispro is a rapid-acting insulin analog with onset in 10–15 minutes.
10. Grapefruit juice inhibits which enzyme, leading to increased drug
concentrations?
a) CYP2D6
b) CYP3A4
c) CYP1A2
d) CYP2C9
Grapefruit juice is a potent inhibitor of CYP3A4, especially in the
intestinal wall.
11. A patient prescribed an ACE inhibitor should be monitored for
which electrolyte abnormality?
a) Hypokalemia
b) Hyperkalemia
c) Hyponatremia
d) Hypercalcemia
Final Practice Exam Questions And
Correct Answers (Verified Answers) Plus
Rationales 2025|2026 Q&A | Instant
Download Pdf| South College
1. A drug that enhances the activity of a receptor is known as a:
a) Antagonist
b) Partial agonist
c) Agonist
d) Inhibitor
Agonists bind to receptors and activate them, producing a
physiological effect.
2. Which pharmacokinetic phase involves the movement of a drug from
systemic circulation to tissues?
a) Absorption
, b) Distribution
c) Metabolism
d) Excretion
Distribution is the process of drug movement from blood to tissues and
organs.
3. The cytochrome P450 enzyme system is most active in which organ?
a) Kidney
b) Lung
c) Liver
d) Stomach
The liver contains the highest concentration of CYP450 enzymes
responsible for metabolism.
4. A patient taking warfarin should avoid which food due to drug–
nutrient interaction?
a) Bananas
b) Apples
c) Spinach
d) Oranges
Spinach is high in vitamin K, which antagonizes the anticoagulant
effect of warfarin.
5. A competitive antagonist:
a) Permanently inactivates a receptor
b) Competes with an agonist for binding at the receptor site
, c) Enhances receptor activity
d) Alters receptor number
Competitive antagonists reversibly bind to receptors and block agonist
action.
6. The half-life of a drug is defined as:
a) Time for drug absorption to complete
b) Time for steady state to be reached
c) Time for plasma concentration to decrease by 50%
d) Time for metabolism to occur
Half-life reflects the rate of elimination, specifically how long it takes
to reduce concentration by half.
7. Which beta-blocker is cardioselective?
a) Propranolol
b) Nadolol
c) Metoprolol
d) Carvedilol
Metoprolol selectively blocks beta-1 receptors, making it
cardioselective.
8. A serious adverse effect of aminoglycosides is:
a) Hepatotoxicity
b) Neurotoxicity
c) Ototoxicity
d) Photosensitivity
, Aminoglycosides such as gentamicin can cause irreversible hearing loss
due to ototoxicity.
9. Which insulin has the fastest onset of action?
a) NPH insulin
b) Regular insulin
c) Lispro insulin
d) Glargine insulin
Lispro is a rapid-acting insulin analog with onset in 10–15 minutes.
10. Grapefruit juice inhibits which enzyme, leading to increased drug
concentrations?
a) CYP2D6
b) CYP3A4
c) CYP1A2
d) CYP2C9
Grapefruit juice is a potent inhibitor of CYP3A4, especially in the
intestinal wall.
11. A patient prescribed an ACE inhibitor should be monitored for
which electrolyte abnormality?
a) Hypokalemia
b) Hyperkalemia
c) Hyponatremia
d) Hypercalcemia
