Capstone Exam 2 - Pediatric Cardiac
Save
Students also studied
Flashcard sets Study guides Practice tests
Week 6 - Chapters 8 & 9 Analgesia Nurse 220 Test 1: Postpartum Adapta... Ch.4/5:
41 terms 30 terms 101 terms 137 term
quizlette59139705 Preview carliejgibson Preview abbyknafelc Preview Abb
- the process of gas exchange
what are the 3 ways that circulation differs - the pressures within the systemic and pulmonary circulation
from neonatal circulation - the existence of anatomic structures that assist in the delivery of oxygen-rich blood
to vital organ systems
where does gas exchange occur in fetal in the placenta becuase the fetal lungs are nonfunctional with very little blood flow
circulation
how does the exchange of oxygen, through diffusion
nutrients and waste materials occur
between mother and baby
connects fetus to the placenta, it contains two small arteries and one large vein, this
provides the transport of blood to and from the fetus and placenta
umbilical cord
- oxygenated blood from the placenta flows by way of the umbilical cord to the
inferior vena cava
the right atrium has slightly higher pressure than the left atrium, this ensures blood
right atrium vs left atrium in fetal circulation flows from right to left through the foramen ovale, this shunts oxygenated blood
from the right atrium to the left atrium
foramen ovale connects the two atria in the fetal heart
the right ventricle has slightly higher pressure than the left, this causes blood to
right ventricle vs left ventricle in fetal
bypass the right ventricle and lungs, this blood then enters the left atrium or aorta,
circulation
where its pumped around the fetal body
becuase the alveoli are filled with fluid and arterioles are constricted creating
why does blood not flow to the fetal lugns
resistance in flow to the lungs
what is a shunt a detour that directs blood flow in a different direction
connects inferior vena cava to the umbilical vein, blood routed to the ductus venosus
ductus venosus
bypasses the fetal liver and is routed to the inferior vena cava
opening between the atrium that allows blood flow from the right atrium directly to
foramen ovale the left atrium
- from the left atrium blood flows direcrtly to the head, heart and upper extremities
, a blood vessel in a fetus that bypasses pulmonary circulation by connecting the
ductus arteriosus
pulmonary artery directly to the descending aorta
with the neonates first breath, gas exchange is transgerred from the placenta to the
gas exchange after birth
lungs
because the resistance in the lungs has decreased, blood flow into the lungs
increases
resistance changes in the lungs after birth
resistance in the systemic circulation increases which causes the beginning of our
anatomic fetal structuers close
what happens when the umbilical cord gets this results in less blood flow to the right side of the heart causing right sided heart
clamped pressures to decrease
they close within about 15 hours after birth, in some it may take several days to
what happens to fetal shunts after birth
completely close
what happens to the ductus venosus after clamping of the umbilical cord causes it to decrease instantly, causes immediate
birth drop in blood pressures on the right side of the heart
the change in circulation patterns casues the ductus arteriosus to close, snooth
what happens to the ductus arteriosus after
muscle in the ductus arteriosus responds to the oxygen in the lungs by increasing
birth
calcium channel activity
the decreased pressure on the right side of the heart, along with increased pressure
what happens to the foramen ovale after on the left side of the heart stimulates closure of the foramen ovale
birth - the pressure changes cause the primary and secondary septum of the atrium to
push against eachother
need to gather family history: is there hx of congenital heart disease, certain genetic
anomalies, siblings with heart disease, 50% of infants with down syndrome will have
pediatric cardiac assessment etiology
congenital heart disease
maternal illness and infection and medication taken during pregnancy
what medications if taken during dilantin and lithium
pregnancy may be a risk for developing
cardiac anomalies
excessive irritability, fatigue, cyanosis with exertion or crying
poor weight gain, fatigue, diaphoresis during feeds, exercise intolerance (height and
clinical manifestations of cardiac anomalies weight are tell tale signs of heart disease in child)
- children with complex heart problems have a 40% chance of failure to thrive
(corrective surgery usually allows catch up growth
tachypnea, SOB, cyanosis, nasal flaring, clubbing, increased risk for thrombus
respiratroy difficulties with cardiac
formation and ischemic events, frequent upper respiratory tract infections can
anomalies in children
indicate congenital heart disease
what order do you perform your pediatric inspect, auscultate then palpate
assessment
examine their skin color in natural light
- look at mucous membranes, nailbeds and conjunctiva to reflect central cyanosis
pediatric skin color assessment - central cyanosis can reflext a cardiac or pulmonary problem
- look for mottling and pallor
- nailbed clubing
observe for color changes with activity, feeding or crying
- are there any respiratory distress or frequent rest periods
pediatric activity level assessment
- lethargy, irritablity, restlessness may indivate poor cardiac function
- squatting is a significant indicaotr of cardiac impairment
Save
Students also studied
Flashcard sets Study guides Practice tests
Week 6 - Chapters 8 & 9 Analgesia Nurse 220 Test 1: Postpartum Adapta... Ch.4/5:
41 terms 30 terms 101 terms 137 term
quizlette59139705 Preview carliejgibson Preview abbyknafelc Preview Abb
- the process of gas exchange
what are the 3 ways that circulation differs - the pressures within the systemic and pulmonary circulation
from neonatal circulation - the existence of anatomic structures that assist in the delivery of oxygen-rich blood
to vital organ systems
where does gas exchange occur in fetal in the placenta becuase the fetal lungs are nonfunctional with very little blood flow
circulation
how does the exchange of oxygen, through diffusion
nutrients and waste materials occur
between mother and baby
connects fetus to the placenta, it contains two small arteries and one large vein, this
provides the transport of blood to and from the fetus and placenta
umbilical cord
- oxygenated blood from the placenta flows by way of the umbilical cord to the
inferior vena cava
the right atrium has slightly higher pressure than the left atrium, this ensures blood
right atrium vs left atrium in fetal circulation flows from right to left through the foramen ovale, this shunts oxygenated blood
from the right atrium to the left atrium
foramen ovale connects the two atria in the fetal heart
the right ventricle has slightly higher pressure than the left, this causes blood to
right ventricle vs left ventricle in fetal
bypass the right ventricle and lungs, this blood then enters the left atrium or aorta,
circulation
where its pumped around the fetal body
becuase the alveoli are filled with fluid and arterioles are constricted creating
why does blood not flow to the fetal lugns
resistance in flow to the lungs
what is a shunt a detour that directs blood flow in a different direction
connects inferior vena cava to the umbilical vein, blood routed to the ductus venosus
ductus venosus
bypasses the fetal liver and is routed to the inferior vena cava
opening between the atrium that allows blood flow from the right atrium directly to
foramen ovale the left atrium
- from the left atrium blood flows direcrtly to the head, heart and upper extremities
, a blood vessel in a fetus that bypasses pulmonary circulation by connecting the
ductus arteriosus
pulmonary artery directly to the descending aorta
with the neonates first breath, gas exchange is transgerred from the placenta to the
gas exchange after birth
lungs
because the resistance in the lungs has decreased, blood flow into the lungs
increases
resistance changes in the lungs after birth
resistance in the systemic circulation increases which causes the beginning of our
anatomic fetal structuers close
what happens when the umbilical cord gets this results in less blood flow to the right side of the heart causing right sided heart
clamped pressures to decrease
they close within about 15 hours after birth, in some it may take several days to
what happens to fetal shunts after birth
completely close
what happens to the ductus venosus after clamping of the umbilical cord causes it to decrease instantly, causes immediate
birth drop in blood pressures on the right side of the heart
the change in circulation patterns casues the ductus arteriosus to close, snooth
what happens to the ductus arteriosus after
muscle in the ductus arteriosus responds to the oxygen in the lungs by increasing
birth
calcium channel activity
the decreased pressure on the right side of the heart, along with increased pressure
what happens to the foramen ovale after on the left side of the heart stimulates closure of the foramen ovale
birth - the pressure changes cause the primary and secondary septum of the atrium to
push against eachother
need to gather family history: is there hx of congenital heart disease, certain genetic
anomalies, siblings with heart disease, 50% of infants with down syndrome will have
pediatric cardiac assessment etiology
congenital heart disease
maternal illness and infection and medication taken during pregnancy
what medications if taken during dilantin and lithium
pregnancy may be a risk for developing
cardiac anomalies
excessive irritability, fatigue, cyanosis with exertion or crying
poor weight gain, fatigue, diaphoresis during feeds, exercise intolerance (height and
clinical manifestations of cardiac anomalies weight are tell tale signs of heart disease in child)
- children with complex heart problems have a 40% chance of failure to thrive
(corrective surgery usually allows catch up growth
tachypnea, SOB, cyanosis, nasal flaring, clubbing, increased risk for thrombus
respiratroy difficulties with cardiac
formation and ischemic events, frequent upper respiratory tract infections can
anomalies in children
indicate congenital heart disease
what order do you perform your pediatric inspect, auscultate then palpate
assessment
examine their skin color in natural light
- look at mucous membranes, nailbeds and conjunctiva to reflect central cyanosis
pediatric skin color assessment - central cyanosis can reflext a cardiac or pulmonary problem
- look for mottling and pallor
- nailbed clubing
observe for color changes with activity, feeding or crying
- are there any respiratory distress or frequent rest periods
pediatric activity level assessment
- lethargy, irritablity, restlessness may indivate poor cardiac function
- squatting is a significant indicaotr of cardiac impairment
