BIO 141 (NAS2) ENTRANCE EXAM
STUDY GUIDE
Rough ER - Correct Answers -process, modify, and package proteins.
think of it as the post office, and going there is always "rough"
Cytoskeleton - Correct Answers -provides structure to the cell
same way our skeleton provides structure for the body
nucleus - Correct Answers -contains dna
self explanatory
ribosomes - Correct Answers -synthesize proteins
protein = ribs (meat)
mitochondria - Correct Answers -synthesizes atp
tbh idk what atp is but --> my toe hurts atp (at this point)
peroxisomes - Correct Answers -chemical detox
peROXide = deTOX
Smooth ER - Correct Answers -Makes lipids
lipids = oils and oils make ur skin smooth
lysosome - Correct Answers -contains enzymes for digesting unwanted cellular
components
lysoSOme = comPOnents
Flagella - Correct Answers -moves a cell
sperm moves, the tails are called flagella
microvilli - Correct Answers -increases cell surface for absorption and secretion
ur just gonna have to remember this one idk what to relate it to srry
cilia - Correct Answers -moves substances past a cell
this is in the vag- helps w our periods (pushing down)/getting preg (pushing up)
gap junctions - Correct Answers -creates pore between 2 cells allowing signals to pass
gap = space between
, tight junctions - Correct Answers -connects cells tightly
self explanatory
desmosomes - Correct Answers -strong connection linking cells at one point
desmos keeps us linked
what is true of mitosis? - Correct Answers -results in 2 genetically identical cells
miTOsis = 2 identical (think twins- tosis=twins)
what is true of meiosis? - Correct Answers -4 cells with half the genetic material
idk how to help w this one either lol srry just think
sandwich = sis (imagine u cut it up in 4ths)
where does transcription occur? - Correct Answers -nucleus
grandmas house (nucleus) has a cookie recipe. u cannot take recipe out. however, u
can copy it down and take ur copy with u. u now have the recipe too!
transcribing = transcription
where does translation occur? - Correct Answers -ribosomes
this is u actually baking the cookies from grandmas copy of the recipe.
translation = actually doing it
what is the product of transcription? - Correct Answers -mRNA
this is the recipe
what is the product of translation? - Correct Answers -protein
these are the cookies
How many pairs of chromosomes do humans have? - Correct Answers -23
i feel like u should know that one by now
chromosomes are composed of? - Correct Answers -DNA
obviously
diff versions of genes are known as? - Correct Answers -alleles
this word is weird in general so just think different bc its a different word anyways (if that
makes sense idk)
expressed characteristic of a gene? - Correct Answers -phenotype
think of it as u have ur own phone and its probably similar to other ppls but its yours so
its specific to you (apps, contacts, etc.) brown eyes vs blue eyes
What is a heterozygous genotype? - Correct Answers -Aa
hetero = different
STUDY GUIDE
Rough ER - Correct Answers -process, modify, and package proteins.
think of it as the post office, and going there is always "rough"
Cytoskeleton - Correct Answers -provides structure to the cell
same way our skeleton provides structure for the body
nucleus - Correct Answers -contains dna
self explanatory
ribosomes - Correct Answers -synthesize proteins
protein = ribs (meat)
mitochondria - Correct Answers -synthesizes atp
tbh idk what atp is but --> my toe hurts atp (at this point)
peroxisomes - Correct Answers -chemical detox
peROXide = deTOX
Smooth ER - Correct Answers -Makes lipids
lipids = oils and oils make ur skin smooth
lysosome - Correct Answers -contains enzymes for digesting unwanted cellular
components
lysoSOme = comPOnents
Flagella - Correct Answers -moves a cell
sperm moves, the tails are called flagella
microvilli - Correct Answers -increases cell surface for absorption and secretion
ur just gonna have to remember this one idk what to relate it to srry
cilia - Correct Answers -moves substances past a cell
this is in the vag- helps w our periods (pushing down)/getting preg (pushing up)
gap junctions - Correct Answers -creates pore between 2 cells allowing signals to pass
gap = space between
, tight junctions - Correct Answers -connects cells tightly
self explanatory
desmosomes - Correct Answers -strong connection linking cells at one point
desmos keeps us linked
what is true of mitosis? - Correct Answers -results in 2 genetically identical cells
miTOsis = 2 identical (think twins- tosis=twins)
what is true of meiosis? - Correct Answers -4 cells with half the genetic material
idk how to help w this one either lol srry just think
sandwich = sis (imagine u cut it up in 4ths)
where does transcription occur? - Correct Answers -nucleus
grandmas house (nucleus) has a cookie recipe. u cannot take recipe out. however, u
can copy it down and take ur copy with u. u now have the recipe too!
transcribing = transcription
where does translation occur? - Correct Answers -ribosomes
this is u actually baking the cookies from grandmas copy of the recipe.
translation = actually doing it
what is the product of transcription? - Correct Answers -mRNA
this is the recipe
what is the product of translation? - Correct Answers -protein
these are the cookies
How many pairs of chromosomes do humans have? - Correct Answers -23
i feel like u should know that one by now
chromosomes are composed of? - Correct Answers -DNA
obviously
diff versions of genes are known as? - Correct Answers -alleles
this word is weird in general so just think different bc its a different word anyways (if that
makes sense idk)
expressed characteristic of a gene? - Correct Answers -phenotype
think of it as u have ur own phone and its probably similar to other ppls but its yours so
its specific to you (apps, contacts, etc.) brown eyes vs blue eyes
What is a heterozygous genotype? - Correct Answers -Aa
hetero = different
