ITLS Chapter 12 - Head Trauma and Traumatic Brain Injury UPDATED
ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT Answers
1. Monro-Kellie states that the contents of the skull--brain, blood, and CSF--are at a fixed volume
Doctrine and a change in volume of one is compensated by a decrease in other two.
2. primary brain in- the immediate damage to the brain tissue that is the direct result of an injury force.
jury
3. coup an injury to the brain in the area of original impact.
4. contracoup an injury to the brain on the opposite side of the original impact.
5. secondary brain an injury to the brain that is the result of hypoxia and/ or decreased perfusion of
injury brain tissue after a primary injury.
6. intracranial pres- the pressure of the brain and contents within the skull.
sure (ICP)
7. cerebral perfu- the net pressure gradient causing blood flow through the brain.
sion pressure
(CPP)
8. mean arterial the sum of the diastolic blood pressure plus one-third (systolic blood pressure
pressure (MAP) minus diastolic blood pressure).
9. Cushing's reflex a reflex in which the body responds to markedly elevated ICP by raising both
the diastolic and systolic blood pressure, reduction of heart rate, and irregular
respiration. Also called Cushing's response, this happens late in the course of the
head injury.
10. cerebral hernia- a critical syndrome in which swelling of the brain forces portions of the brain tissue
tion syndrome down through the opening at the base of the skull, squeezing the brain stem and
causing coma, dilatation of pupils, contralateral paralysis, elevated blood pressure,
and bradycardia.
11.
ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT Answers
1. Monro-Kellie states that the contents of the skull--brain, blood, and CSF--are at a fixed volume
Doctrine and a change in volume of one is compensated by a decrease in other two.
2. primary brain in- the immediate damage to the brain tissue that is the direct result of an injury force.
jury
3. coup an injury to the brain in the area of original impact.
4. contracoup an injury to the brain on the opposite side of the original impact.
5. secondary brain an injury to the brain that is the result of hypoxia and/ or decreased perfusion of
injury brain tissue after a primary injury.
6. intracranial pres- the pressure of the brain and contents within the skull.
sure (ICP)
7. cerebral perfu- the net pressure gradient causing blood flow through the brain.
sion pressure
(CPP)
8. mean arterial the sum of the diastolic blood pressure plus one-third (systolic blood pressure
pressure (MAP) minus diastolic blood pressure).
9. Cushing's reflex a reflex in which the body responds to markedly elevated ICP by raising both
the diastolic and systolic blood pressure, reduction of heart rate, and irregular
respiration. Also called Cushing's response, this happens late in the course of the
head injury.
10. cerebral hernia- a critical syndrome in which swelling of the brain forces portions of the brain tissue
tion syndrome down through the opening at the base of the skull, squeezing the brain stem and
causing coma, dilatation of pupils, contralateral paralysis, elevated blood pressure,
and bradycardia.
11.
