ITLS test review UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT Answers
1. Hypoxemia The most common cause of cardiopulmonary arrest in the trauma
patient
2. Cardiac output Heart rate x stroke volume
3. Shock Condition that occurs when perfussion of the bodies tissues with
oxygen, glucose, electrolytes and fluid becomes inadequate.
4. Compensated shock Weakness, lightheaded, pallor, tachy, diaphoresis, tachypenia, de-
creased urine output, weak peripheral pulses
5. Decompinsated shock Hypotension, altered mental status, cardiac arrest
6. Early shock Loss of 15-25% of blood volume, tachy, pallor, narrowed pulse
pressure, thirst, weakness
7. Late shock Loss of 30-45% blood loss, hypotension. Bodies ability to compen-
sate has failed
8. Pressence of tachycardia Tachycardia in the resting patient is always an indication something
medically wrong or possibly occult hemorhage.
9. Whats considered tachy- Above 100 in an adult and higher in younger ages
cardia?
10. Low volume shock absolute hypovolemia, caused by a Weak, thready pulse,rapid
rate,hemorhage, or other major body fluid loss
11. High space shock relative hypovolemia, caused by spinal injury, vasovagal syncope,
sepsis and certain drug overdoses, normal weak pulse
12. Mechanical shock cardiogenic shock, also known as obstructive shock, caused by
pericardial tamponade, tension pneumothorax, massive pulmonary
, embolism, or weakened heart muscle(like myocardial contusion or
infarction)
13. whats the #1 cause of pre- hemorrhagic shock
ventable death from in-
jury?
14. hypovolemic shock signs tachycardia, pale, and have flat neck veins
and symptoms
15. "vasodilatory shock" relative hypovolemia or high space shock
16. Neurogenic Shock signs Decreased blood pressure, heart rate will be normal or slow and
and symptoms the skin is usually warm, dry and pink. The patient may also have
accompanying parylisis and/or sensory deficits.
17. tension pneumothorax High air tension that may sometimes develop in the pleural space
between the lung and the chest wall. It prevents venous return to
the heart causing JVD and tracheal deviation
18. Cardiac tamponade or blood fills the space between the heart and the pericardium
pericardial tamponade squeezing the heart and preventing the heart from filling. Causes
cardiac output to fall resulting in shock.
19. "Becks Triad" signs and symptoms of a pericardial tamponade: Shock, Muffled
Heart Tones, Narrowed Pulse Pressures and JVD. (Normal Lung
sounds!)
20. Myocardial Contusion Heart loses pumping ability due to direct injury to the heart muscle
and cardiac dysrhythmias. Rapid Transport and cardiac monitoring!
21. for Cyanosis to occur a patient must have 5 grams of deoxygenated hemoglobin per
100cc of blood
1. Hypoxemia The most common cause of cardiopulmonary arrest in the trauma
patient
2. Cardiac output Heart rate x stroke volume
3. Shock Condition that occurs when perfussion of the bodies tissues with
oxygen, glucose, electrolytes and fluid becomes inadequate.
4. Compensated shock Weakness, lightheaded, pallor, tachy, diaphoresis, tachypenia, de-
creased urine output, weak peripheral pulses
5. Decompinsated shock Hypotension, altered mental status, cardiac arrest
6. Early shock Loss of 15-25% of blood volume, tachy, pallor, narrowed pulse
pressure, thirst, weakness
7. Late shock Loss of 30-45% blood loss, hypotension. Bodies ability to compen-
sate has failed
8. Pressence of tachycardia Tachycardia in the resting patient is always an indication something
medically wrong or possibly occult hemorhage.
9. Whats considered tachy- Above 100 in an adult and higher in younger ages
cardia?
10. Low volume shock absolute hypovolemia, caused by a Weak, thready pulse,rapid
rate,hemorhage, or other major body fluid loss
11. High space shock relative hypovolemia, caused by spinal injury, vasovagal syncope,
sepsis and certain drug overdoses, normal weak pulse
12. Mechanical shock cardiogenic shock, also known as obstructive shock, caused by
pericardial tamponade, tension pneumothorax, massive pulmonary
, embolism, or weakened heart muscle(like myocardial contusion or
infarction)
13. whats the #1 cause of pre- hemorrhagic shock
ventable death from in-
jury?
14. hypovolemic shock signs tachycardia, pale, and have flat neck veins
and symptoms
15. "vasodilatory shock" relative hypovolemia or high space shock
16. Neurogenic Shock signs Decreased blood pressure, heart rate will be normal or slow and
and symptoms the skin is usually warm, dry and pink. The patient may also have
accompanying parylisis and/or sensory deficits.
17. tension pneumothorax High air tension that may sometimes develop in the pleural space
between the lung and the chest wall. It prevents venous return to
the heart causing JVD and tracheal deviation
18. Cardiac tamponade or blood fills the space between the heart and the pericardium
pericardial tamponade squeezing the heart and preventing the heart from filling. Causes
cardiac output to fall resulting in shock.
19. "Becks Triad" signs and symptoms of a pericardial tamponade: Shock, Muffled
Heart Tones, Narrowed Pulse Pressures and JVD. (Normal Lung
sounds!)
20. Myocardial Contusion Heart loses pumping ability due to direct injury to the heart muscle
and cardiac dysrhythmias. Rapid Transport and cardiac monitoring!
21. for Cyanosis to occur a patient must have 5 grams of deoxygenated hemoglobin per
100cc of blood
