,Chapter 1—The Facts of Life: Chemistry Is the Logic of Biological Phenomena
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MULTIPLE CHOICE t
1. All are distinctive properties of living systems EXCEPT:
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a. Living organisms are relatively simple. t t t t
b. Biological structures play a role in the organism's existence. t t t t t t t t
c. The living state is characterized by the flow of energy through the organism.
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d. Living organisms are highly organized. t t t t
e. Living organisms are actively engaged in energy transformation.
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ANS: A PTS: 1t t t
2. Even though the building blocks have fairly simple structures, macromolecules are exquisitely
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organized in their intricate three-dimensional architecture known as:
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a. configuration.
b. conformation.
c. sequence.
d. Lewis structure. t
e. structural maturation. t
ANS: B PTS: 1
t t t
3. All of the following activities require the presence of ATP or NADPH EXCEPT:
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a. osmoregulation.
b. biosynthesis.
c. movement of muscles. t t
d. light emission. t
e. none, they are all energy-requiring activities.
t t t t t
ANS: E PTS: 1 t t t
4. Which are the four most common elements in the human body?
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a. hydrogen, calcium, oxygen and sodium t t t t
b. hydrogen, oxygen, iron and carbon t t t t
c. hydrogen, oxygen, carbon and nitrogen t t t t
d. oxygen, carbon, iron and nitrogen t t t t
e. oxygen, silicon, calcium and nitrogen t t t t
ANS: C PTS: 1t t t
5. What makes carbon such an abundant element in biomolecules?
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a. It can form up to five bonds by sharing its electrons.
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b. It forms only single bonds.
t t t t
c. It provides low bond energy.
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d. It forms stable covalent bonds by electron pair sharing.
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e. It does not usually bond to other carbons, allowing a more diverse combination of
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elements. t
ANS: D t PTS: t t 1
Garrett/Grisham 5e t Test Bank t 1
, 6. The major precursors for the formation of biomolecules include all EXCEPT:
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a. nitrate and dinitrogen. t t
b. water.
c. carbon dioxide. t
d. ammonium ion. t
e. none, all are major precursors. t t t t
ANS: E tPTS: 1 t t
7. From the major precursors, the complex biomolecules are made in which sequence?
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a. metabolites, building blocks, macromolecules, supramolecular complexes t t t t t
b. macromolecules, building blocks, metabolites, supramolecular complexes t t t t t
c. building blocks, macromolecules, supramolecular complexes, metabolites
t t t t t
d. metabolites, macromolecules, building blocks, supramolecular complexes t t t t t
e. metabolites, building blocks, supramolecular complexes, macromolecules t t t t t
ANS: A t PTS: 1 t t
8. The structural integrity of supramolecular complexes (assemblies) of multiple components are
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bonded to each other by all of the following forces EXCEPT:
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a. covalent bonds t
b. van der Waals forces t t t
c. hydrogen bonds t
d. hydrophobic interactions t
e. ionic interactions t
ANS: A PTS: 1
t t t
9. Organelles have what three attributes? t t t t
a. Only in prokaryotic cells, membrane bound, have a dedicated set of tasks.
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b. Only in eukaryotic cells, membrane bound, have a dedicated set of tasks.
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c. Only in eukaryotic cells, seldom membrane bound, have a dedicated set of tasks.
t t t t t t t t t t t t
d. Only in prokaryotic cells, membrane bound, multi-functional.
t t t t t t
e. In both prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells, membrane bound, have a dedicated set of
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tasks.
t
ANS: B t PTS: 1 t t
10. Membrane structures are maintained primarily by: t t t t t
a. hydrophobic interactions. t
b. covalent bonds. t
c. hydrogen bonds. t
d. non-spontaneous assembly. t
e. ionic interactions. t
ANS: A t PTS: 1 t t
11. All of the following are properties of membranes EXCEPT:
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a. supramolecular assemblies. t
b. define boundaries of cellular components.
t t t t
c. spontaneous assemblies resulting from hydrophobic interactions. t t t t t
d. identical protein and lipid composition in the major organelles.
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e. none, all are true. t t t
ANS: D t PTS: t t 1
Garrett/Grisham 5e t Test Bank t 2
, 12. Which of the following properly ranks the non-covalent interactions in order of increasing strength?
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a. ionic, hydrogen bond, van der Waals t t t t t
b. van der Waals, hydrogen bond, ionic
t t t t t
c. van der Waals, ionic, hydrogen bond
t t t t t
d. hydrogen bond, van der Waals, ionic t t t t t
e. cannot be determined since ionic interactions and hydrogen bonds often vary in strength
t t t t t t t t t t t t
ANS: E tPTS: 1 t t
13. Weak forces that create constantly forming and breaking interactions at physiological temperatures,
t t t t t t t t t t t
but cumulatively impart stability to biological structures generated by their collective activity include
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all EXCEPT:
t t
a. hydrogen bonds t
b. van der Waals forces t t t
c. covalent bonds t
d. ionic interactions t
e. hydrophobic interactions t
ANS: C t PTS: 1 t t
14. Which of the following is a true statement about non-covalent bonds?
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a. They are all the result of electron sharing.
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b. Hydrogen bonds, ionic bond and hydrophobic interactions all carry a degree of specificity
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while van der Waals interactions are induced.
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c. All noncovalent bonds are formed between oppositely charged polar functions.
t t t t t t t t t
d. Van der Waals interactions are not affected by structural complementarity, while hydrogen
t t t t t t t t t t t
bonds, ionic bonds and hydrophobic interaction are affected by structural complementarity.
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e. Hydrogen, van der Waals, and hydrophobic interactions do not form linear bonds. t t t t t t t t t t t
ANS: B t PTS: 1 t t
15. Which of the statements about the nature of the hydrogen bond is true?
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a. The donor is a hydrogen atom bonded to a carbon.
t t t t t t t t t
b. The more linear the bond, the stronger the interaction.
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c. The acceptor must be similar in electronegativity to hydrogen.
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d. It is a type of covalent bond.
t t t t t t
e. A hydrogen bond is weaker than van der Waals forces.
t t t t t t t t t
ANS: B t PTS: 1 t t
16. Electrostatic forces t
a. include ionic interactions between negatively charged carboxyl groups and positively
t t t t t t t t t
charged amino groups.
t t t
b. average about 2 kJ/mol in aqueous solutions. t t t t t t
c. typically are directional like hydrogen bonds. t t t t t
d. require a precise fit like van der Waals interactions.t t t t t t t t
e. include ionic, induced dipole and permanent dipole interactions.
t t t t t t t
ANS: A
t t PTS: 1 t
Garrett/Grisham 5e t Test Bank t 3
t t t t t t t t t t t
MULTIPLE CHOICE t
1. All are distinctive properties of living systems EXCEPT:
t t t t t t t
a. Living organisms are relatively simple. t t t t
b. Biological structures play a role in the organism's existence. t t t t t t t t
c. The living state is characterized by the flow of energy through the organism.
t t t t t t t t t t t t
d. Living organisms are highly organized. t t t t
e. Living organisms are actively engaged in energy transformation.
t t t t t t t
ANS: A PTS: 1t t t
2. Even though the building blocks have fairly simple structures, macromolecules are exquisitely
t t t t t t t t t t t
organized in their intricate three-dimensional architecture known as:
t t t t t t t t
a. configuration.
b. conformation.
c. sequence.
d. Lewis structure. t
e. structural maturation. t
ANS: B PTS: 1
t t t
3. All of the following activities require the presence of ATP or NADPH EXCEPT:
t t t t t t t t t t t t
a. osmoregulation.
b. biosynthesis.
c. movement of muscles. t t
d. light emission. t
e. none, they are all energy-requiring activities.
t t t t t
ANS: E PTS: 1 t t t
4. Which are the four most common elements in the human body?
t t t t t t t t t t
a. hydrogen, calcium, oxygen and sodium t t t t
b. hydrogen, oxygen, iron and carbon t t t t
c. hydrogen, oxygen, carbon and nitrogen t t t t
d. oxygen, carbon, iron and nitrogen t t t t
e. oxygen, silicon, calcium and nitrogen t t t t
ANS: C PTS: 1t t t
5. What makes carbon such an abundant element in biomolecules?
t t t t t t t t
a. It can form up to five bonds by sharing its electrons.
t t t t t t t t t t
b. It forms only single bonds.
t t t t
c. It provides low bond energy.
t t t t
d. It forms stable covalent bonds by electron pair sharing.
t t t t t t t t
e. It does not usually bond to other carbons, allowing a more diverse combination of
t t t t t t t t t t t t t
elements. t
ANS: D t PTS: t t 1
Garrett/Grisham 5e t Test Bank t 1
, 6. The major precursors for the formation of biomolecules include all EXCEPT:
t t t t t t t t t t
a. nitrate and dinitrogen. t t
b. water.
c. carbon dioxide. t
d. ammonium ion. t
e. none, all are major precursors. t t t t
ANS: E tPTS: 1 t t
7. From the major precursors, the complex biomolecules are made in which sequence?
t t t t t t t t t t t
a. metabolites, building blocks, macromolecules, supramolecular complexes t t t t t
b. macromolecules, building blocks, metabolites, supramolecular complexes t t t t t
c. building blocks, macromolecules, supramolecular complexes, metabolites
t t t t t
d. metabolites, macromolecules, building blocks, supramolecular complexes t t t t t
e. metabolites, building blocks, supramolecular complexes, macromolecules t t t t t
ANS: A t PTS: 1 t t
8. The structural integrity of supramolecular complexes (assemblies) of multiple components are
t t t t t t t t t t
bonded to each other by all of the following forces EXCEPT:
t t t t t t t t t t t
a. covalent bonds t
b. van der Waals forces t t t
c. hydrogen bonds t
d. hydrophobic interactions t
e. ionic interactions t
ANS: A PTS: 1
t t t
9. Organelles have what three attributes? t t t t
a. Only in prokaryotic cells, membrane bound, have a dedicated set of tasks.
t t t t t t t t t t t
b. Only in eukaryotic cells, membrane bound, have a dedicated set of tasks.
t t t t t t t t t t t
c. Only in eukaryotic cells, seldom membrane bound, have a dedicated set of tasks.
t t t t t t t t t t t t
d. Only in prokaryotic cells, membrane bound, multi-functional.
t t t t t t
e. In both prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells, membrane bound, have a dedicated set of
t t t t t t t t t t t t t
tasks.
t
ANS: B t PTS: 1 t t
10. Membrane structures are maintained primarily by: t t t t t
a. hydrophobic interactions. t
b. covalent bonds. t
c. hydrogen bonds. t
d. non-spontaneous assembly. t
e. ionic interactions. t
ANS: A t PTS: 1 t t
11. All of the following are properties of membranes EXCEPT:
t t t t t t t t
a. supramolecular assemblies. t
b. define boundaries of cellular components.
t t t t
c. spontaneous assemblies resulting from hydrophobic interactions. t t t t t
d. identical protein and lipid composition in the major organelles.
t t t t t t t t
e. none, all are true. t t t
ANS: D t PTS: t t 1
Garrett/Grisham 5e t Test Bank t 2
, 12. Which of the following properly ranks the non-covalent interactions in order of increasing strength?
t t t t t t t t t t t t t
a. ionic, hydrogen bond, van der Waals t t t t t
b. van der Waals, hydrogen bond, ionic
t t t t t
c. van der Waals, ionic, hydrogen bond
t t t t t
d. hydrogen bond, van der Waals, ionic t t t t t
e. cannot be determined since ionic interactions and hydrogen bonds often vary in strength
t t t t t t t t t t t t
ANS: E tPTS: 1 t t
13. Weak forces that create constantly forming and breaking interactions at physiological temperatures,
t t t t t t t t t t t
but cumulatively impart stability to biological structures generated by their collective activity include
t t t t t t t t t t t t t
all EXCEPT:
t t
a. hydrogen bonds t
b. van der Waals forces t t t
c. covalent bonds t
d. ionic interactions t
e. hydrophobic interactions t
ANS: C t PTS: 1 t t
14. Which of the following is a true statement about non-covalent bonds?
t t t t t t t t t t
a. They are all the result of electron sharing.
t t t t t t t
b. Hydrogen bonds, ionic bond and hydrophobic interactions all carry a degree of specificity
t t t t t t t t t t t t
while van der Waals interactions are induced.
t t t t t t t
c. All noncovalent bonds are formed between oppositely charged polar functions.
t t t t t t t t t
d. Van der Waals interactions are not affected by structural complementarity, while hydrogen
t t t t t t t t t t t
bonds, ionic bonds and hydrophobic interaction are affected by structural complementarity.
t t t t t t t t t t t
e. Hydrogen, van der Waals, and hydrophobic interactions do not form linear bonds. t t t t t t t t t t t
ANS: B t PTS: 1 t t
15. Which of the statements about the nature of the hydrogen bond is true?
t t t t t t t t t t t t
a. The donor is a hydrogen atom bonded to a carbon.
t t t t t t t t t
b. The more linear the bond, the stronger the interaction.
t t t t t t t t
c. The acceptor must be similar in electronegativity to hydrogen.
t t t t t t t t
d. It is a type of covalent bond.
t t t t t t
e. A hydrogen bond is weaker than van der Waals forces.
t t t t t t t t t
ANS: B t PTS: 1 t t
16. Electrostatic forces t
a. include ionic interactions between negatively charged carboxyl groups and positively
t t t t t t t t t
charged amino groups.
t t t
b. average about 2 kJ/mol in aqueous solutions. t t t t t t
c. typically are directional like hydrogen bonds. t t t t t
d. require a precise fit like van der Waals interactions.t t t t t t t t
e. include ionic, induced dipole and permanent dipole interactions.
t t t t t t t
ANS: A
t t PTS: 1 t
Garrett/Grisham 5e t Test Bank t 3
