FULL - Elaborated Test Bank for Physical Anthropology 12Ed. by Philip L.Stein, Bruce M.Rowe & Brian Pierson ALL Chapters included updated for 2023

CHAPTER 1 TRUE/FALSE - Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false. 1) A main area of study for physical anthropologists is the study of evolution. ⊚ true ⊚ false 2) Science can provide answers to all possible questions. ⊚ true ⊚ false 3) An empirical observation is one that is made with the help of a microscope or telescope. ⊚ true ⊚ false 4) A theory is more certain than a guess but less certain than a fact. ⊚ true ⊚ false 5) The idea that humans are superior to other animals is termed anthropocentrism. ⊚ true ⊚ false 6) Charles Darwin was the first person to recognize that nature could be dynamic. ⊚ true ⊚ false 7) Lamarck proposed the theory of acquired characteristics, which states that traits gained during a lifetime can be passed to the next generation. Version 1 2 ⊚ true ⊚ false 8) Darwin's theory states that groups who are better suited to their environment will be more likely to survive and reproduce. ⊚ true ⊚ false 9) Darwin lacked an accurate understanding of the mechanisms of inheritance. ⊚ true ⊚ false 10) The study of the change in body color of peppered moths described in chapter one showed that evolution could be observed in a shorter period of time than Darwin thought possible. ⊚ true ⊚ false MULTIPLE CHOICE - Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 11) The field that studies fossil records is: A) primatology B) paleontology C) genetics D) archaeology 12) The subfield of physical anthropology includes the study of: Version 1 3 A) human genetics B) forensic anthropology C) human biological variation D) all of these 13) Cultural anthropology: A) is a branch of archaeology B) is the study of art and music C) includes the study of human social organizations and learned patterns of behavior D) includes paleontology as a major topic 14) The study of a people's political organization would be a part of: A) cultural anthropology B) linguistics C) archaeology D) physical anthropology 15) An anthropological linguist: A) always attempts to learn to speak as many languages as he or she possibly can B) teaches students foreign languages C) studies the history, function, structure, and physiology of language D) would only be interested in cultures that have writing systems 16) The practical application of anthropological knowledge to real-world concerns is called: Version 1 4 A) academic anthropology B) lived anthropology C) applied anthropology D) realistic anthropology 17) An empirical observation is one that is: A) measurable B) a fact C) received through the senses D) all of these 18) Hypotheses: A) are always considered to be correct statements B) are the same thing as laws in science C) are not a necessary part of the scientific method D) must be logical and testable 19) Hypotheses: A) can be disproven B) can be tested through experiments and observations C) are based on empirical observations D) all of these 20) A tentative statement about the relationship between two variables is a(n): Version 1 5 A) hypothesis B) theory C) empirical statement D) rationalization 21) An example of a variable would be: A) the theory of evolution by natural selection B) the cranial capacities of a series of skulls C) that all mammals give live birth D) all of these 22) Once proposed, a hypothesis may be tested by: A) comparing it to known data gathered from nature B) conducting an experiment C) comparing one phenomenon with another to determine the relationships between them D) all of these 23) A hypothesis may be tested in a number of ways. One of the following is not a way to test a hypothesis. A) Test the predictive value of the hypothesis by comparing it to all known data from nature. B) Ask all scientists doing research in the area the hypothesis concerns and confirm that the hypothesis is based on a consensus of the opinions of those scientists. C) Conduct experiments D) Through comparative studies 24) A theory is: Version 1 6 A) a speculative statement B) a statement of extremely high validity C) the same as a hypothesis D) the same as a fact 25) Darwin's explanation of evolution by natural selection is an example of a(n): A) theory B) hypothesis C) empirical statement D) experiment 26) That evolution has occurred is a(n): A) theory B) hypothesis C) fact D) experiment 27) Statements about the ways in which evolution occurs (the processes) are: A) facts B) theories C) experiments D) variables 28) Scientific investigation can: Version 1 7 A) provide answers to all possible questions B) generate statements that are considered to be absolute truths C) only deal with empirical observations D) all of these 29) When scientists say that evolution is a theory, they mean that evolution is: A) a general law or principle supported by mass data B) an educated guess C) but one of several possible explanations for the diversity of life D) accepted by the majority of scientists 30) A control in science is: A) a situation that differs from the situation being tested B) an empirical observation C) always easy to achieve in physical anthropology D) a monocausal explanation for a phenomenon 31) Which of the following statements is true regarding scientific hypotheses and theories about human evolution? A) Scientists refuse to consider supernatural causes to explain their observations because most scientists are atheists. B) Explanations of natural phenomena based upon religious dogma are superior because science cannot explain the great many things about the world. C) Scientists refuse to invoke supernatural causes because the scientific method restricts scientific inquiry to hypotheses that are falsifiable and testable. D) While evolution has been fairly well demonstrated in bacteria, plants, and simple animals, it has not been demonstrated to have taken place in humans. Version 1 8 32) Which of the following statements is true? A) One cannot accept science and also be a religious person. B) Science can successfully answer questions about ethics and morality. C) Scientific conclusions are based upon available evidence and therefore can change when new evidence appears. D) Scientific conclusions are considered to be absolute facts within the scientificPhysical Anthropology 12Ed. by Philip L.Stein, Bruce M.Rowe & Brian Pierson Chapter 1 Investigating the Nature of Humankind Chapter 2 The Study of Heredity Chapter 3 The Modern Study of Human Genetics Chapter 4 Population Genetics Chapter 5 Natural Selection and the Origin of Species Chapter 6 People’s Place in Nature Chapter 7 The Living Primates Chapter 8 Comparative Studies: Anatomy and Genetics Chapter 9 Nonhuman Primate Behavior Chapter 10 Human Behavior in Perspective Chapter 11 The Record of the Past Chapter 12 The Early Primate Fossil Record and the Origins of the Hominins Chapter 13 The Early Hominins Chapter 14 Early Species of the Genus Homo Chapter 15 The Evolution of Homo Sapiens Chapter 16 The Biology of Modern Homo Sapiens Chapter 17 The Analysis of Human Variation Chapter 18 The Modern World