1 | Page
OpenStax Psychology 2e - Full Questions and
Answers
American Psychological Association Ans: professional
organization representing psychologists in the United States
behaviorism Ans: focus on observing and controlling behavior
biopsychology Ans: study of how biology influences behavior
biopsychosocial model Ans: perspective that asserts that biology,
psychology, and social factors interact to determine an individual's
health
clinical psychology Ans: area of psychology that focuses on the
diagnosis and treatment of psychological disorders and other
problematic patterns of behavior
cognitive psychology Ans: study of cognitions, or thoughts, and
their relationship to experiences and actions
counseling psychology Ans: area of psychology that focuses on
improving emotional, social, vocational, and other aspects of the
lives of psychologically healthy individuals
developmental psychology Ans: scientific study of development
across a lifespan
dissertation Ans: long research paper about research that was
conducted as a part of the candidate's doctoral training
© 2025 All rights reserved
, 2 | Page
empirical method Ans: method for acquiring knowledge based on
observation, including experimentation, rather than a method
based only on forms of logical argument or previous authorities
forensic psychology Ans: area of psychology that applies the
science and practice of psychology to issues within and related to
the justice system
functionalism Ans: focused on how mental activities helped an
organism adapt to its environment
humanism Ans: perspective within psychology that emphasizes
the potential for good that is innate to all humans
introspection Ans: process by which someone examines their
own conscious experience in an attempt to break it into its
component parts
ology Ans: suffix that denotes "scientific study of"
PhD Ans: (doctor of philosophy) doctoral degree conferred in
many disciplinary perspectives housed in a traditional college of
liberal arts and sciences
PsyD Ans: (doctor of psychology) doctoral degree that places less
emphasis on research-oriented skills and focuses more on
application of psychological principles in the clinical context
personality psychology Ans: study of patterns of thoughts and
behaviors that make each individual unique
personality trait Ans: consistent pattern of thought and behavior
postdoctoral training program Ans: allows young scientists to
further develop their research programs and broaden their
research skills under the supervision of other professionals in the
field
© 2025 All rights reserved
, 3 | Page
psyche Ans: Greek word for soul
psychoanalytic theory Ans: focus on the role of the unconscious
in affecting conscious behavior
psychology Ans: scientific study of the mind and behavior
sport and exercise psychology Ans: area of psychology that
focuses on the interactions between mental and emotional factors
and physical performance in sports, exercise, and other activities
structuralism Ans: understanding the conscious experience
through introspection
Wilhelm Wundt Ans: established the first psychology laboratory
at the University of Leipzig, Germany
Plato Ans: Socrates' most well known pupil. Founded an academy
in Athens.
Descartes Ans: French philosopher, nativist, and dualist
Dualism Ans: the presumption that mind and body are two
distinct entities that interact
William James Ans: founder of functionalism; studied how
humans use perception to function in our environment
Erik Erikson Ans: famous for his 8-stage model of psychosocial
development; neo-Freudian
John B. Watson Ans: developed behaviorism ( the study of
observable behavior)
Ivan Pavlov Ans: discovered classical conditioning; trained dogs
to salivate at the ringing of a bell
Albert Bandura Ans: Social learning theory; Bobo doll experiment
© 2025 All rights reserved
, 4 | Page
Abraham Maslow Ans: created hierarchy of needs
Lawrence Kohlberg Ans: Theory of Moral Development
Naomi Weisstein Ans: Credited with starting the feminist
revolution in psychology
Anna Freud Ans: Continued her father's work in psychoanalysis
with an emphasis on children.
Charles Darwin Ans: English natural scientist who formulated a
theory of evolution by natural selection (1809-1882)
Democritus Ans: Greek philosopher that said all matter is made
of tiny particles called "atomos" or atoms
behaviorist perspective Ans: the psychological perspective
primarily concerned with observable behavior that can be
objectively recorded and with the relationships of observable
behavior to environmental stimuli
psychoanalytic perspective Ans: the perspective that stresses the
influences of unconscious forces on human behavior
evolutionary psychology Ans: the study of the evolution of
behavior and the mind, using principles of natural selection
cognitive perspective Ans: how we encode, process, store, and
retrieve information
The Interpretation of Dreams Ans: the Bible of Psychoanalysis by
Freud
sociocultural perspective Ans: perspective that focuses on the
relationship between social behavior and culture
critical thinking Ans: thinking that does not blindly accept
arguments and conclusions. Rather, it examines assumptions,
© 2025 All rights reserved
OpenStax Psychology 2e - Full Questions and
Answers
American Psychological Association Ans: professional
organization representing psychologists in the United States
behaviorism Ans: focus on observing and controlling behavior
biopsychology Ans: study of how biology influences behavior
biopsychosocial model Ans: perspective that asserts that biology,
psychology, and social factors interact to determine an individual's
health
clinical psychology Ans: area of psychology that focuses on the
diagnosis and treatment of psychological disorders and other
problematic patterns of behavior
cognitive psychology Ans: study of cognitions, or thoughts, and
their relationship to experiences and actions
counseling psychology Ans: area of psychology that focuses on
improving emotional, social, vocational, and other aspects of the
lives of psychologically healthy individuals
developmental psychology Ans: scientific study of development
across a lifespan
dissertation Ans: long research paper about research that was
conducted as a part of the candidate's doctoral training
© 2025 All rights reserved
, 2 | Page
empirical method Ans: method for acquiring knowledge based on
observation, including experimentation, rather than a method
based only on forms of logical argument or previous authorities
forensic psychology Ans: area of psychology that applies the
science and practice of psychology to issues within and related to
the justice system
functionalism Ans: focused on how mental activities helped an
organism adapt to its environment
humanism Ans: perspective within psychology that emphasizes
the potential for good that is innate to all humans
introspection Ans: process by which someone examines their
own conscious experience in an attempt to break it into its
component parts
ology Ans: suffix that denotes "scientific study of"
PhD Ans: (doctor of philosophy) doctoral degree conferred in
many disciplinary perspectives housed in a traditional college of
liberal arts and sciences
PsyD Ans: (doctor of psychology) doctoral degree that places less
emphasis on research-oriented skills and focuses more on
application of psychological principles in the clinical context
personality psychology Ans: study of patterns of thoughts and
behaviors that make each individual unique
personality trait Ans: consistent pattern of thought and behavior
postdoctoral training program Ans: allows young scientists to
further develop their research programs and broaden their
research skills under the supervision of other professionals in the
field
© 2025 All rights reserved
, 3 | Page
psyche Ans: Greek word for soul
psychoanalytic theory Ans: focus on the role of the unconscious
in affecting conscious behavior
psychology Ans: scientific study of the mind and behavior
sport and exercise psychology Ans: area of psychology that
focuses on the interactions between mental and emotional factors
and physical performance in sports, exercise, and other activities
structuralism Ans: understanding the conscious experience
through introspection
Wilhelm Wundt Ans: established the first psychology laboratory
at the University of Leipzig, Germany
Plato Ans: Socrates' most well known pupil. Founded an academy
in Athens.
Descartes Ans: French philosopher, nativist, and dualist
Dualism Ans: the presumption that mind and body are two
distinct entities that interact
William James Ans: founder of functionalism; studied how
humans use perception to function in our environment
Erik Erikson Ans: famous for his 8-stage model of psychosocial
development; neo-Freudian
John B. Watson Ans: developed behaviorism ( the study of
observable behavior)
Ivan Pavlov Ans: discovered classical conditioning; trained dogs
to salivate at the ringing of a bell
Albert Bandura Ans: Social learning theory; Bobo doll experiment
© 2025 All rights reserved
, 4 | Page
Abraham Maslow Ans: created hierarchy of needs
Lawrence Kohlberg Ans: Theory of Moral Development
Naomi Weisstein Ans: Credited with starting the feminist
revolution in psychology
Anna Freud Ans: Continued her father's work in psychoanalysis
with an emphasis on children.
Charles Darwin Ans: English natural scientist who formulated a
theory of evolution by natural selection (1809-1882)
Democritus Ans: Greek philosopher that said all matter is made
of tiny particles called "atomos" or atoms
behaviorist perspective Ans: the psychological perspective
primarily concerned with observable behavior that can be
objectively recorded and with the relationships of observable
behavior to environmental stimuli
psychoanalytic perspective Ans: the perspective that stresses the
influences of unconscious forces on human behavior
evolutionary psychology Ans: the study of the evolution of
behavior and the mind, using principles of natural selection
cognitive perspective Ans: how we encode, process, store, and
retrieve information
The Interpretation of Dreams Ans: the Bible of Psychoanalysis by
Freud
sociocultural perspective Ans: perspective that focuses on the
relationship between social behavior and culture
critical thinking Ans: thinking that does not blindly accept
arguments and conclusions. Rather, it examines assumptions,
© 2025 All rights reserved
