1
WGU C224 - STUDY GUIDE |
latest|COMPREHENSIVE MOST TESTED
(frequently tested) QUESTIONS AND
VERIFIED ANSWERS | GET IT 100%
ACCURATE!!
Characteristics of Quantitative Research - (ANSWER)numerical data (quantity);
hypothesis & research procedure are stated BEFORE data collection; large sample
size; rely on statistical procedure; low interaction with subjects; rely on
controlling, measuring, and generalizing; objective by nature
Quantitative Methods/Designs - (ANSWER)survey research; correlational
research; causal comparative; experimental; single subject experimental
Sampling techniques for quantitative research - (ANSWER)simple random;
stratified; cluster; systematic;
Simple random - (ANSWER)(quant) selection using table of random numbers
Stratified - (ANSWER)(quant) selection based on dividing up into subgroups which
have roughly equal representation
Cluster - (ANSWER)(quant) intact groups are selected as by classroom, efficient
but less representative
,2
Systematic - (ANSWER)(quant) take a population and select every Kth invidual i.e.
sample population = 100 and you select every 5th person on list.
Qualitative Research - (ANSWER)*emphasis on words and feelings; *research
problems/methods evolve as understanding of topic increases; *smaller sample
sizes; *relies on categorizing & organizing data into themes or patterns to
describe & synthesize the data; *high level interaction with subjects; *many
possible contexts & meanings for different people; *subjective by nature
Qualitative Research Methods - (ANSWER)observation/field notes; interviews:
face-to-face, phone, focus group; questionnaires; archival documents; journals;
audio/video
Qualitative Sampling Techniques - (ANSWER)intensity; homogenous; criterion;
snowball; random purposive
Characteristics of Action Research (comes out of qualitative research) -
(ANSWER)*persuasive & authoritative b/c it's done by teachers for teachers;
*relevant b/c solves real world problems; *accessible b/c teachers already have
built-in audience as test subjects; *encourages school reform by providing an
action plan; *practical by nature (see ch20).
Selecting topics - Characteristics of good research topics -
(ANSWER)*researchable (can be solved by collecting and analyzing data);
*interesting enough to hold your attention (love it); *significant (contributes to
field of knowledge); *ethical (no harm done); *manageable (keep it in scope)
, 3
How to write a good research question - (ANSWER)*solvable by collecting data;
*cannot be answered with simple yes/no; *what is the effect of x on y (x is indep.
Variable, y is dependent variable); *i.e. What is the effect of an after school
reading program (x) on students' reading comprehension scores (y)?
Purpose & function of literature review - (ANSWER)*see what's already been
done; *reveals what needs to be done; *addresses the research questions;
*provides rationale for your hypothesis; *avoids mistakes of others; *may suggest
ideas not previously considered; *provide new direction to your research
Resource Identification Evaluation & Selection - (ANSWER)*primary & secondary
sources; WGU library: books, articles, e-reserves, ERIC; *What was problem
statement?; *Who was studied?; *Where was source published?; When was
source published?; *How was study conducted?; *see ch 3 for more detail
5 types Hypotheses - (ANSWER)1. Deductive, 2. Inductive, 3. Directional, 4. Non-
directional, 5. Null
Hypothesis - (ANSWER)based on sound reasoning consistent with theory or
observation; provides reasonable explanation for a predicted outcome; states the
expected relationship between variables; is testable within a reasonable time
frame
Evaluating a research report - (ANSWER)*does it include all appropriate heading
according to the research design? (i.e. intro, prob. Stmt., lit review, hypothesis,
etc.); *enough detail to allow the reader to completely understand the what, why,
when, and how.; *look out for researcher bias; *review comprehensive list in ch.
22
WGU C224 - STUDY GUIDE |
latest|COMPREHENSIVE MOST TESTED
(frequently tested) QUESTIONS AND
VERIFIED ANSWERS | GET IT 100%
ACCURATE!!
Characteristics of Quantitative Research - (ANSWER)numerical data (quantity);
hypothesis & research procedure are stated BEFORE data collection; large sample
size; rely on statistical procedure; low interaction with subjects; rely on
controlling, measuring, and generalizing; objective by nature
Quantitative Methods/Designs - (ANSWER)survey research; correlational
research; causal comparative; experimental; single subject experimental
Sampling techniques for quantitative research - (ANSWER)simple random;
stratified; cluster; systematic;
Simple random - (ANSWER)(quant) selection using table of random numbers
Stratified - (ANSWER)(quant) selection based on dividing up into subgroups which
have roughly equal representation
Cluster - (ANSWER)(quant) intact groups are selected as by classroom, efficient
but less representative
,2
Systematic - (ANSWER)(quant) take a population and select every Kth invidual i.e.
sample population = 100 and you select every 5th person on list.
Qualitative Research - (ANSWER)*emphasis on words and feelings; *research
problems/methods evolve as understanding of topic increases; *smaller sample
sizes; *relies on categorizing & organizing data into themes or patterns to
describe & synthesize the data; *high level interaction with subjects; *many
possible contexts & meanings for different people; *subjective by nature
Qualitative Research Methods - (ANSWER)observation/field notes; interviews:
face-to-face, phone, focus group; questionnaires; archival documents; journals;
audio/video
Qualitative Sampling Techniques - (ANSWER)intensity; homogenous; criterion;
snowball; random purposive
Characteristics of Action Research (comes out of qualitative research) -
(ANSWER)*persuasive & authoritative b/c it's done by teachers for teachers;
*relevant b/c solves real world problems; *accessible b/c teachers already have
built-in audience as test subjects; *encourages school reform by providing an
action plan; *practical by nature (see ch20).
Selecting topics - Characteristics of good research topics -
(ANSWER)*researchable (can be solved by collecting and analyzing data);
*interesting enough to hold your attention (love it); *significant (contributes to
field of knowledge); *ethical (no harm done); *manageable (keep it in scope)
, 3
How to write a good research question - (ANSWER)*solvable by collecting data;
*cannot be answered with simple yes/no; *what is the effect of x on y (x is indep.
Variable, y is dependent variable); *i.e. What is the effect of an after school
reading program (x) on students' reading comprehension scores (y)?
Purpose & function of literature review - (ANSWER)*see what's already been
done; *reveals what needs to be done; *addresses the research questions;
*provides rationale for your hypothesis; *avoids mistakes of others; *may suggest
ideas not previously considered; *provide new direction to your research
Resource Identification Evaluation & Selection - (ANSWER)*primary & secondary
sources; WGU library: books, articles, e-reserves, ERIC; *What was problem
statement?; *Who was studied?; *Where was source published?; When was
source published?; *How was study conducted?; *see ch 3 for more detail
5 types Hypotheses - (ANSWER)1. Deductive, 2. Inductive, 3. Directional, 4. Non-
directional, 5. Null
Hypothesis - (ANSWER)based on sound reasoning consistent with theory or
observation; provides reasonable explanation for a predicted outcome; states the
expected relationship between variables; is testable within a reasonable time
frame
Evaluating a research report - (ANSWER)*does it include all appropriate heading
according to the research design? (i.e. intro, prob. Stmt., lit review, hypothesis,
etc.); *enough detail to allow the reader to completely understand the what, why,
when, and how.; *look out for researcher bias; *review comprehensive list in ch.
22
