Essentials of Pediatric Nursing Questions And Answers
100% Accurate
Ans: C
Feedback:
The child's head size is large for his adjusted age (7.5 months), which would be cause for
concern. Birth weight doubles by about 4 months of age. Plantar grasp reflex does not disappear
until 9 months adjusted age. Primary teeth may not erupt until 8 months adjusted age. -- Answer-
- Origin: Chapter 3, 1
The nurse is examining a 10-month-old boy who was born 10 weeks early. Which finding is
cause for concern?
A) The child has doubled his birth weight.
B) The child exhibits plantar grasp reflex.
C) The child's head circumference is 19.5 inches.
D) No primary teeth have erupted yet.
Ans: A
Feedback:
By 6 months of age the infant's brain weighs half that of the adult brain; at age 12 months, the
brain weighs 2.5 times what it did at birth. Most infants double their birthweight by 4 to 6
months of age and triple their birthweight by the time they are 1 year old. The head
,circumference increases rapidly during the first 6 months: the average increase is about 0.6 inch
(1.5 cm) per month. The heart doubles in size over the first year of life. As the cardiovascular
system matures, the average pulse rate decreases from 120 to 140 in the newborn to about 100 in
the 1-year-old. -- Answer-- Origin: Chapter 3, 2
The nurse is teaching a new mother about the drastic growth and developmental changes her
infant will experience in the first year of life. Which statement describes a developmental
milestone occurring in infancy?
A) By 6 months of age the infant's brain weighs half that of the adult brain; at age 12 months, the
brain weighs 2.5 times what it did at birth.
B) Most infants triple their birthweight by 4 to 6 months of age and quadruple their birthweight
by the time they are 1 year old.
C) The head circumference increases rapidly during the first 6 months: the average increase is
about 1 inch per month.
D) The heart triples in size over the first year of life; the average pulse rate decreases from 120 to
140 in the newborn to about 100 in the 1-year-old.
Ans: A, D, F
Feedback:
In comparison with the adult, in the infant, the nasal passages are narrower, the trachea and chest
wall are more compliant, the bronchi and bronchioles are shorter and narrower, the larynx is
more funnel shaped, the tongue is larger, and there are significantly fewer alveoli. These
anatomic differences place the infant at higher risk for respiratory compromise. The respiratory
, system does not reach adult levels of maturity until about 7 years of age. -- Answer-- Origin:
Chapter 3, 3
The nurse is assessing the respiratory system of a newborn. Which anatomic differences place
the infant at risk for respiratory compromise? Select all that apply.
A) The nasal passages are narrower.
B) The trachea and chest wall are less compliant.
C) The bronchi and bronchioles are shorter and wider.
D) The larynx is more funnel shaped.
E) The tongue is smaller.
F) There are significantly fewer alveoli.
Ans: B
Feedback:
Primitive reflexes are subcortical and involve a whole-body response. Selected primitive reflexes
present at birth include Moro, root, suck, asymmetric tonic neck, plantar and palmar grasp, step,
and Babinski. During the palmar grasp, the infant reflexively grasps when the palm is touched.
The plantar grasp occurs when the infant reflexively grasps with the bottom of the foot when
pressure is applied to the plantar surface. The root reflex occurs when the infant's cheek is
stroked and the infant turns to that side, searching with mouth. The Moro reflex is displayed
when with sudden extension of the head, the arms abduct and move upward and the hands form a
"C." -- Answer-- Origin: Chapter 3, 4
100% Accurate
Ans: C
Feedback:
The child's head size is large for his adjusted age (7.5 months), which would be cause for
concern. Birth weight doubles by about 4 months of age. Plantar grasp reflex does not disappear
until 9 months adjusted age. Primary teeth may not erupt until 8 months adjusted age. -- Answer-
- Origin: Chapter 3, 1
The nurse is examining a 10-month-old boy who was born 10 weeks early. Which finding is
cause for concern?
A) The child has doubled his birth weight.
B) The child exhibits plantar grasp reflex.
C) The child's head circumference is 19.5 inches.
D) No primary teeth have erupted yet.
Ans: A
Feedback:
By 6 months of age the infant's brain weighs half that of the adult brain; at age 12 months, the
brain weighs 2.5 times what it did at birth. Most infants double their birthweight by 4 to 6
months of age and triple their birthweight by the time they are 1 year old. The head
,circumference increases rapidly during the first 6 months: the average increase is about 0.6 inch
(1.5 cm) per month. The heart doubles in size over the first year of life. As the cardiovascular
system matures, the average pulse rate decreases from 120 to 140 in the newborn to about 100 in
the 1-year-old. -- Answer-- Origin: Chapter 3, 2
The nurse is teaching a new mother about the drastic growth and developmental changes her
infant will experience in the first year of life. Which statement describes a developmental
milestone occurring in infancy?
A) By 6 months of age the infant's brain weighs half that of the adult brain; at age 12 months, the
brain weighs 2.5 times what it did at birth.
B) Most infants triple their birthweight by 4 to 6 months of age and quadruple their birthweight
by the time they are 1 year old.
C) The head circumference increases rapidly during the first 6 months: the average increase is
about 1 inch per month.
D) The heart triples in size over the first year of life; the average pulse rate decreases from 120 to
140 in the newborn to about 100 in the 1-year-old.
Ans: A, D, F
Feedback:
In comparison with the adult, in the infant, the nasal passages are narrower, the trachea and chest
wall are more compliant, the bronchi and bronchioles are shorter and narrower, the larynx is
more funnel shaped, the tongue is larger, and there are significantly fewer alveoli. These
anatomic differences place the infant at higher risk for respiratory compromise. The respiratory
, system does not reach adult levels of maturity until about 7 years of age. -- Answer-- Origin:
Chapter 3, 3
The nurse is assessing the respiratory system of a newborn. Which anatomic differences place
the infant at risk for respiratory compromise? Select all that apply.
A) The nasal passages are narrower.
B) The trachea and chest wall are less compliant.
C) The bronchi and bronchioles are shorter and wider.
D) The larynx is more funnel shaped.
E) The tongue is smaller.
F) There are significantly fewer alveoli.
Ans: B
Feedback:
Primitive reflexes are subcortical and involve a whole-body response. Selected primitive reflexes
present at birth include Moro, root, suck, asymmetric tonic neck, plantar and palmar grasp, step,
and Babinski. During the palmar grasp, the infant reflexively grasps when the palm is touched.
The plantar grasp occurs when the infant reflexively grasps with the bottom of the foot when
pressure is applied to the plantar surface. The root reflex occurs when the infant's cheek is
stroked and the infant turns to that side, searching with mouth. The Moro reflex is displayed
when with sudden extension of the head, the arms abduct and move upward and the hands form a
"C." -- Answer-- Origin: Chapter 3, 4
