,CHAPTER 1—ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS, THEIR CAUSES, AND
ss ss ss ss ss
SUSTAINABILITY
ss
MULTIPLE CHOICE s s
1. Sustainability refers to . s s s s s s
a. the way in which the natural world works
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
b. how we interact with the environment
s s s s s s s s s s
c. human methods of coping with environmental problems
s s s s s s s s s s s s
d. refusing, reducing, reusing, and recycling s s s s s s s s
e. the capacity of the earth‘s natural systems to survive, flourish, and adapt
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
ANS: E PTS: 1
TOP: Core Case Study: A vision of a more sustainable s s s s s s s s ss s s s s s s
world in 2065 KEY:
s s ss Bloom's: Remember
s s s s s s
NOT: New
2. Which discipline is most associated with environmental science?
ss s s s s s s s s s s s s
a. botany
b. political science s s
c. sociology
d. ecology
e. psychology
ANS: D PTS: 1 TOP: 1-1 What Are Some Principles of ss ss ss ss ss
Sustainability? KEY: Bloom's: Remember NOT: Modified
ss s s s s
3. A forest with plants, animals, and various other organisms is an example of a(n)
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
s . s
a. ecosystem
b. species
c. ecology
d. life-support system ss
e. nutrient
ANS: A PTS: 1 TOP: 1-1 What Are Some Principles of ss ss ss ss ss
Sustainability? KEY: Bloom's: Understand NOT: New
ss s s s s s s
4. Using normally renewable resources faster than nature can renew them is called
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s .
a. nutrient cycling s s
b. nutrient deficit s s
c. sustainability
d. trade-offs
e. degrading natural capital s s s s
ANS: E PTS: 1 TOP: 1-1 What Are Some Principles of
ss ss ss ss ss
Sustainability? KEY: Bloom's: Remember
ss s s s s
5. Solar energy is known as a(n)
s s s s s s s s s s s s .
a. renewable resource s s
b. recyclable resource ss
c. inexhaustible resource ss
d. reusable resource s s
e. nonrenewable resource s s
ANS: C PTS: 1 TOP: 1-1 What Are Some Principles
s s s s s s s s
of Sustainability?
s s ss
, KEY: Bloom's: Remember s s
6. What is one of the three social science principles of sustainability?
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
a. A dependence on solar energy
s s s s s s s s
b. A focus on chemical cycling
s s s s s s s s
c. The degradation of natural capital
s s s s s s s s
d. A responsibility to future generations
s s s s s s s s
e. The ability to retain biodiversity
s s s s s s s s
ANS: D PTS: 1 TOP: 1-1 What Are Some Principles of ss ss ss ss ss
Sustainability? KEY: Bloom's: Remember NOT: New
ss s s s s
7. Topsoil is an important component of
s s s s s s s s s s s s .
a. biodiversity
b. ecosystems
c. natural resources s s
d. win-win solutions ss
e. nutrient cycling s s
ANS: E PTS: 1 TOP: 1-1 What Are Some Principles of ss ss ss ss ss
Sustainability? KEY: Bloom's: Remember NOT: New
ss s s s s
8. According to a number of environmental scientists, we already know how to reuse or
ss s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
recycle at least
s s s s ss
of the nonrenewable resources we use.
s s s s s s s s s s
a. 80%
b. 65%
c. 50%
d. 40%
e. 25%
ANS: A PTS: 1 TOP: 1-1 What Are Some Principles of ss ss ss ss ss
Sustainability? KEY: Bloom's: Remember NOT: New
ss s s s s
9. What are the priorities for more sustainable use of renewable resources, in order?
ss s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
a. refuse, renew, reduce, and recycle s s s s s s s s
b. recycle, renew, reuse, and reduce s s s s s s s s
c. resource, recycle, renew, and reduce s s s s s s s s
d. refuse, reduce, reuse, and recycle s s s s s s s s
e. refuse, reduce, recycle, and renew s s s s s s s s
ANS: D PTS: 1 TOP: 1-1 What Are Some Principles of ss ss ss ss ss
Sustainability? KEY: Bloom's: Remember NOT: New
ss s s s s
10. More-developed countries . s s s s
a. have a lower average income
s s s s s s s s
b. use mostly renewable resources
s s s s s s
c. rely entirely on nonrenewable resources
ss s s s s s s
d. comprise 17% of the world‘s population s s s s s s s s s s
e. provide fewer recycling services s s s s s s
ANS: D PTS: 1 TOP: 1-1 What Are Some Principles of ss ss ss ss ss
Sustainability? KEY: Bloom's: Remember NOT: New
ss s s s s
11. The primary difference between renewable resources and nonrenewable resources is
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s .
a. how easily each can be discovered
s s s s s s s s s s
, b. the available amount of each resource
s s s s s s s s s s
c. the length of time it takes for each to be replenished
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
d. how fast each is being consumed
s s s s s s s s s s
e. how quickly each can produce electricity
s s s s s s s s s s
ANS: C PTS: 1 TOP: 1-1 What Are Some Principles of ss ss ss ss ss
Sustainability? KEY: Bloom's: Understand NOT: Modified
ss s s s s s s
12. What term describes the highest rate at which a renewable resource can be used
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
indefinitely without reducing its available supply?
s s ss s s s s s s s s
a. conservation
b. sustainable yield s s
c. preservation
d. perpetual resource s s
e. degradation
ANS: B PTS: 1 TOP: 1-1 What Are Some Principles of
ss ss ss ss ss
Sustainability? KEY: Bloom's: Remember
ss s s s s
13. Which substance would be considered a renewable resource?
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
a. copper
b. oil
c. fresh air s s
d. salt
e. sand
ANS: C PTS: 1 TOP: 1-1 What Are Some Principles of ss ss ss ss ss
Sustainability? KEY: Bloom's: Understand NOT: Modified
ss s s s s s s
14. Which substance would be considered a nonrenewable resource?
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
a. groundwater
b. trees in a forest s s s s s s
c. fertile soil ss
d. oil
e. crops
ANS: D PTS: 1 TOP: 1-1 What Are Some Principles of ss ss ss ss ss
Sustainability? KEY: Bloom's: Understand NOT: Modified
ss s s s s s s
15. All nonrenewable resources can theoretically be
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s .
a. converted to nonmetallic minerals s s s s s s
b. converted to renewable ones s s s s s s
c. exhausted or depleted s s s s
d. recycled or reused s s s s
e. alive
ANS: C PTS: 1 TOP: 1-1 What Are Some Principles of
ss ss ss ss ss
Sustainability? KEY: Bloom's: Understand
ss s s s s
16. Which action is is an example of reuse?
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
a. re-melting aluminum cans ss s s
b. making compost out of kitchen scraps
s s s s s s s s s s
c. using plastic butter tubs to store leftovers
s s s s s s s s s s s s
d. using waste heat to warm a room
s s s s s s s s s s s s
e. making paper goods from previously used paper
s s s s s s s s s s s s
ss ss ss ss ss
SUSTAINABILITY
ss
MULTIPLE CHOICE s s
1. Sustainability refers to . s s s s s s
a. the way in which the natural world works
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
b. how we interact with the environment
s s s s s s s s s s
c. human methods of coping with environmental problems
s s s s s s s s s s s s
d. refusing, reducing, reusing, and recycling s s s s s s s s
e. the capacity of the earth‘s natural systems to survive, flourish, and adapt
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
ANS: E PTS: 1
TOP: Core Case Study: A vision of a more sustainable s s s s s s s s ss s s s s s s
world in 2065 KEY:
s s ss Bloom's: Remember
s s s s s s
NOT: New
2. Which discipline is most associated with environmental science?
ss s s s s s s s s s s s s
a. botany
b. political science s s
c. sociology
d. ecology
e. psychology
ANS: D PTS: 1 TOP: 1-1 What Are Some Principles of ss ss ss ss ss
Sustainability? KEY: Bloom's: Remember NOT: Modified
ss s s s s
3. A forest with plants, animals, and various other organisms is an example of a(n)
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
s . s
a. ecosystem
b. species
c. ecology
d. life-support system ss
e. nutrient
ANS: A PTS: 1 TOP: 1-1 What Are Some Principles of ss ss ss ss ss
Sustainability? KEY: Bloom's: Understand NOT: New
ss s s s s s s
4. Using normally renewable resources faster than nature can renew them is called
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s .
a. nutrient cycling s s
b. nutrient deficit s s
c. sustainability
d. trade-offs
e. degrading natural capital s s s s
ANS: E PTS: 1 TOP: 1-1 What Are Some Principles of
ss ss ss ss ss
Sustainability? KEY: Bloom's: Remember
ss s s s s
5. Solar energy is known as a(n)
s s s s s s s s s s s s .
a. renewable resource s s
b. recyclable resource ss
c. inexhaustible resource ss
d. reusable resource s s
e. nonrenewable resource s s
ANS: C PTS: 1 TOP: 1-1 What Are Some Principles
s s s s s s s s
of Sustainability?
s s ss
, KEY: Bloom's: Remember s s
6. What is one of the three social science principles of sustainability?
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
a. A dependence on solar energy
s s s s s s s s
b. A focus on chemical cycling
s s s s s s s s
c. The degradation of natural capital
s s s s s s s s
d. A responsibility to future generations
s s s s s s s s
e. The ability to retain biodiversity
s s s s s s s s
ANS: D PTS: 1 TOP: 1-1 What Are Some Principles of ss ss ss ss ss
Sustainability? KEY: Bloom's: Remember NOT: New
ss s s s s
7. Topsoil is an important component of
s s s s s s s s s s s s .
a. biodiversity
b. ecosystems
c. natural resources s s
d. win-win solutions ss
e. nutrient cycling s s
ANS: E PTS: 1 TOP: 1-1 What Are Some Principles of ss ss ss ss ss
Sustainability? KEY: Bloom's: Remember NOT: New
ss s s s s
8. According to a number of environmental scientists, we already know how to reuse or
ss s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
recycle at least
s s s s ss
of the nonrenewable resources we use.
s s s s s s s s s s
a. 80%
b. 65%
c. 50%
d. 40%
e. 25%
ANS: A PTS: 1 TOP: 1-1 What Are Some Principles of ss ss ss ss ss
Sustainability? KEY: Bloom's: Remember NOT: New
ss s s s s
9. What are the priorities for more sustainable use of renewable resources, in order?
ss s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
a. refuse, renew, reduce, and recycle s s s s s s s s
b. recycle, renew, reuse, and reduce s s s s s s s s
c. resource, recycle, renew, and reduce s s s s s s s s
d. refuse, reduce, reuse, and recycle s s s s s s s s
e. refuse, reduce, recycle, and renew s s s s s s s s
ANS: D PTS: 1 TOP: 1-1 What Are Some Principles of ss ss ss ss ss
Sustainability? KEY: Bloom's: Remember NOT: New
ss s s s s
10. More-developed countries . s s s s
a. have a lower average income
s s s s s s s s
b. use mostly renewable resources
s s s s s s
c. rely entirely on nonrenewable resources
ss s s s s s s
d. comprise 17% of the world‘s population s s s s s s s s s s
e. provide fewer recycling services s s s s s s
ANS: D PTS: 1 TOP: 1-1 What Are Some Principles of ss ss ss ss ss
Sustainability? KEY: Bloom's: Remember NOT: New
ss s s s s
11. The primary difference between renewable resources and nonrenewable resources is
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s .
a. how easily each can be discovered
s s s s s s s s s s
, b. the available amount of each resource
s s s s s s s s s s
c. the length of time it takes for each to be replenished
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
d. how fast each is being consumed
s s s s s s s s s s
e. how quickly each can produce electricity
s s s s s s s s s s
ANS: C PTS: 1 TOP: 1-1 What Are Some Principles of ss ss ss ss ss
Sustainability? KEY: Bloom's: Understand NOT: Modified
ss s s s s s s
12. What term describes the highest rate at which a renewable resource can be used
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
indefinitely without reducing its available supply?
s s ss s s s s s s s s
a. conservation
b. sustainable yield s s
c. preservation
d. perpetual resource s s
e. degradation
ANS: B PTS: 1 TOP: 1-1 What Are Some Principles of
ss ss ss ss ss
Sustainability? KEY: Bloom's: Remember
ss s s s s
13. Which substance would be considered a renewable resource?
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
a. copper
b. oil
c. fresh air s s
d. salt
e. sand
ANS: C PTS: 1 TOP: 1-1 What Are Some Principles of ss ss ss ss ss
Sustainability? KEY: Bloom's: Understand NOT: Modified
ss s s s s s s
14. Which substance would be considered a nonrenewable resource?
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
a. groundwater
b. trees in a forest s s s s s s
c. fertile soil ss
d. oil
e. crops
ANS: D PTS: 1 TOP: 1-1 What Are Some Principles of ss ss ss ss ss
Sustainability? KEY: Bloom's: Understand NOT: Modified
ss s s s s s s
15. All nonrenewable resources can theoretically be
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s .
a. converted to nonmetallic minerals s s s s s s
b. converted to renewable ones s s s s s s
c. exhausted or depleted s s s s
d. recycled or reused s s s s
e. alive
ANS: C PTS: 1 TOP: 1-1 What Are Some Principles of
ss ss ss ss ss
Sustainability? KEY: Bloom's: Understand
ss s s s s
16. Which action is is an example of reuse?
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
a. re-melting aluminum cans ss s s
b. making compost out of kitchen scraps
s s s s s s s s s s
c. using plastic butter tubs to store leftovers
s s s s s s s s s s s s
d. using waste heat to warm a room
s s s s s s s s s s s s
e. making paper goods from previously used paper
s s s s s s s s s s s s
