NR 510 Week 8 Final Exam 2025| Chamberlain
University| Actual Exam Questions and Correct
Answers and Explanations
Question 1: What is the most commonly reported symptom of cancer treatment?
A) Nausea
B) Fatigue
C) Pain
D) Hair loss
Correct Answer: B) Fatigue
Explanation: Fatigue is the most commonly reported symptom during cancer treatment,
affecting up to 90% of patients due to chemotherapy, radiation, or disease burden.
Question 2: Where are Langerhans cells found?
A) Liver
B) Bone marrow
C) Epidermis
D) Spleen
Correct Answer: C) Epidermis
Explanation: Langerhans cells are dendritic cells located in the epidermis, functioning as
antigen-presenting cells in the immune response.
Question 3: An infant has a crescendo-decrescendo systolic ejection murmur between the second
and third intercostal spaces along the left sternal border with wide fixed S2 splitting. This is
consistent with which congenital heart defect?
A) Tetralogy of Fallot
B) Atrial septal defect (ASD)
C) Ventricular septal defect (VSD)
D) Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA)
,Correct Answer: B) Atrial septal defect (ASD)
Explanation: A systolic ejection murmur and wide fixed S2 splitting are characteristic of ASD
due to increased pulmonary flow and delayed pulmonic valve closure.
Question 4: Which statement is true concerning a fungal infection?
A) Fungal infections are always systemic
B) Fungal infections are commonly opportunistic
C) Fungal infections do not cause inflammation
D) Fungal infections are untreatable
Correct Answer: B) Fungal infections are commonly opportunistic
Explanation: Fungal infections often occur opportunistically in immunocompromised
individuals, though they can also affect healthy people. They cause inflammation and are
treatable.
Question 5: A hypersensitivity reaction that produces an allergic response is called:
A) Anaphylaxis
B) Autoimmune reaction
C) Immune complex disease
D) Cytotoxic reaction
Correct Answer: A) Anaphylaxis
Explanation: Anaphylaxis is a severe, systemic allergic hypersensitivity reaction (Type I)
involving IgE-mediated mast cell degranulation.
Question 6: What period follows depolarization of the myocardium and represents a period
during which no new cardiac potential can be propagated?
A) Absolute refractory period
B) Relative refractory period
C) Hyperpolarization phase
D) Resting phase
Correct Answer: A) Absolute refractory period
, Explanation: The absolute refractory period follows depolarization, during which the
myocardium cannot respond to new stimuli, ensuring proper cardiac rhythm.
Question 7: Which renal change is found in older adults?
A) Increased glomerular filtration rate
B) Decreased nephron number
C) Increased bladder capacity
D) Enhanced tubular secretion
Correct Answer: B) Decreased nephron number
Explanation: Aging reduces nephron number, leading to decreased renal function. GFR
declines, bladder capacity may decrease, and tubular secretion is not enhanced.
Question 8: Cystic fibrosis is caused by which process?
A) Autosomal dominant mutation
B) Autosomal recessive mutation
C) Chromosomal translocation
D) X-linked mutation
Correct Answer: B) Autosomal recessive mutation
Explanation: Cystic fibrosis results from mutations in the CFTR gene, inherited in an autosomal
recessive pattern.
Question 9: What is the most common predisposing factor to obstructive sleep apnea in children?
A) Obesity
B) Adenotonsillar hypertrophy
C) Craniofacial abnormalities
D) Neuromuscular disorders
Correct Answer: B) Adenotonsillar hypertrophy
Explanation: Adenotonsillar hypertrophy is the most common cause of obstructive sleep apnea
in children, obstructing the airway during sleep.
University| Actual Exam Questions and Correct
Answers and Explanations
Question 1: What is the most commonly reported symptom of cancer treatment?
A) Nausea
B) Fatigue
C) Pain
D) Hair loss
Correct Answer: B) Fatigue
Explanation: Fatigue is the most commonly reported symptom during cancer treatment,
affecting up to 90% of patients due to chemotherapy, radiation, or disease burden.
Question 2: Where are Langerhans cells found?
A) Liver
B) Bone marrow
C) Epidermis
D) Spleen
Correct Answer: C) Epidermis
Explanation: Langerhans cells are dendritic cells located in the epidermis, functioning as
antigen-presenting cells in the immune response.
Question 3: An infant has a crescendo-decrescendo systolic ejection murmur between the second
and third intercostal spaces along the left sternal border with wide fixed S2 splitting. This is
consistent with which congenital heart defect?
A) Tetralogy of Fallot
B) Atrial septal defect (ASD)
C) Ventricular septal defect (VSD)
D) Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA)
,Correct Answer: B) Atrial septal defect (ASD)
Explanation: A systolic ejection murmur and wide fixed S2 splitting are characteristic of ASD
due to increased pulmonary flow and delayed pulmonic valve closure.
Question 4: Which statement is true concerning a fungal infection?
A) Fungal infections are always systemic
B) Fungal infections are commonly opportunistic
C) Fungal infections do not cause inflammation
D) Fungal infections are untreatable
Correct Answer: B) Fungal infections are commonly opportunistic
Explanation: Fungal infections often occur opportunistically in immunocompromised
individuals, though they can also affect healthy people. They cause inflammation and are
treatable.
Question 5: A hypersensitivity reaction that produces an allergic response is called:
A) Anaphylaxis
B) Autoimmune reaction
C) Immune complex disease
D) Cytotoxic reaction
Correct Answer: A) Anaphylaxis
Explanation: Anaphylaxis is a severe, systemic allergic hypersensitivity reaction (Type I)
involving IgE-mediated mast cell degranulation.
Question 6: What period follows depolarization of the myocardium and represents a period
during which no new cardiac potential can be propagated?
A) Absolute refractory period
B) Relative refractory period
C) Hyperpolarization phase
D) Resting phase
Correct Answer: A) Absolute refractory period
, Explanation: The absolute refractory period follows depolarization, during which the
myocardium cannot respond to new stimuli, ensuring proper cardiac rhythm.
Question 7: Which renal change is found in older adults?
A) Increased glomerular filtration rate
B) Decreased nephron number
C) Increased bladder capacity
D) Enhanced tubular secretion
Correct Answer: B) Decreased nephron number
Explanation: Aging reduces nephron number, leading to decreased renal function. GFR
declines, bladder capacity may decrease, and tubular secretion is not enhanced.
Question 8: Cystic fibrosis is caused by which process?
A) Autosomal dominant mutation
B) Autosomal recessive mutation
C) Chromosomal translocation
D) X-linked mutation
Correct Answer: B) Autosomal recessive mutation
Explanation: Cystic fibrosis results from mutations in the CFTR gene, inherited in an autosomal
recessive pattern.
Question 9: What is the most common predisposing factor to obstructive sleep apnea in children?
A) Obesity
B) Adenotonsillar hypertrophy
C) Craniofacial abnormalities
D) Neuromuscular disorders
Correct Answer: B) Adenotonsillar hypertrophy
Explanation: Adenotonsillar hypertrophy is the most common cause of obstructive sleep apnea
in children, obstructing the airway during sleep.
