QAL Plant Agriculture Exam With 100% Correct Answers 2025

QAL Plant Agriculture Exam With 100% Correct Answers 2025 No Observable Effect Level (NOEL) - answer-the maximum dose level of a pesticide that produces no noticeable toxic effect on test animals Threshold Limit Value (TLV) - answer-a chemical's airborne concentration in parts per million that produces no adverse affects over time Organochlorine - answer-one of the original synthetic pesticides, used for mites and insects, some highly poisonous to mammals, breaks down slowly, most early formulations now banned: DDT, chlordane, toxaphene, dieldrin Organophosphates - answer-some of the most acutely toxic chemicals, many formulations are absorbed through the skin, lungs, or digestive tract, they interfere with animal and human nervous systems similar to carbamates, they break down rapidly, common formulations include malathion, diazinon, chlorpyrifos Carbamates - answer-synthetic organic pesticides, they break down rapidly, they impair nerve function, they are highly toxic to mammals but does not build up in tissue, common formulations include carbaryl, methomyl, metam-sodium, metam-potassium Triazines - answer-important herbicide used to control broadleaves and grasses, used as a preemergent and postemergent, they inhibit photosynthesis, they persist in soil and move with water and are frequently detected in waterways, they are toxic to mammals and fish, common formulations include atrazine, simazine, prometryn Neonicotinoids - answer-insecticide that mimics the efforts of nicotine, disrupts the central nervous system causing paralysis and death, less toxic to mammals than organophosphates and carbamates, harmful to beesPyrethroids - answer-synthetic pesticides, interferes with sodium transport in nerve cells, they are persistent and found in waterways, they are often used with synergists, toxic to mammals, common formulations include bifenthrin, permethrin, cypermethrin Sulfonylureas - answer-herbicides used on broadleafs and grasses, safe for mammels, requires only low application rates, slightly toxic to fish and invertebrates, resistance has developed to this family, common formulations include rimsulfuron, sulfometuron methyl, chlorsulfuron Strobilurins - answer-fungicides that disrupts respiration and metabolism to suppress pathogens, nontoxic to mammals, birds and bees, highly toxic to fish and aquatic invertebrates, common formulations include pyraclostrobin, azoxystrobin, trifloxystrobin